Cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with or without colchicine for flare prophylaxis: a retrospective new-user cohort study using linked primary care, hospitalisation, and mortality data.

Background: Initiating urate-lowering therapy can trigger gout flares. Gout flares have been associated with a temporally increased risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with flare prophylaxis using colchicine (the drug recommended for gout flare prohphylaxis by many international societies) compared with no prophylaxis.

Short-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Events in People Newly Diagnosed With Gout.

Objective: To investigate the temporal association between the first diagnosis of gout and cardiovascular events in the short term.

Methods: We performed a self-controlled case series analysis and a cohort study using data from linked primary care, hospitalization, and mortality records from the United Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Database-GOLD. We included individuals with a new diagnosis of gout either in the primary care or secondary care between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2020.

Patterns and trends of medicinal poisoning substances: a population-based cohort study of injuries in 0-11 year old children from 1998-2018.

Background: There have been sharp increases in antidepressant and opioid prescriptions over the last 10 years, as well as increased over-the-counter medicine availability. However, the impact on childhood medicinal poisonings rates, particularly by socioeconomic deprivation is unclear. This study reports population level medicinal poisoning substance patterns in England among children aged 0-11 years, helping inform safety advice and poisoning prevention interventions.

Assessing the value of integrating national longitudinal shopping data into respiratory disease forecasting models.

The COVID-19 pandemic led to unparalleled pressure on healthcare services. Improved healthcare planning in relation to diseases affecting the respiratory system has consequently become a key concern. We investigated the value of integrating sales of non-prescription medications commonly bought for managing respiratory symptoms, to improve forecasting of weekly registered deaths from respiratory disease at local levels across England, by using over 2 billion transactions logged by a UK high street retailer from March 2016 to March 2020.

Exploring the distinct immunological reactions of bovine neutrophils towards major and minor pathogens responsible for mastitis.

Bovine mastitis is primarily caused by a group of bacteria known as and . However, additional types of bacteria, such as bovine non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) as well as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), are considered minor pathogens and have less impact on cows. Modulating bovine neutrophil activities and gene expressions in response to bacterial stimuli prompted the cells to execute effector functions to combat udder infections.

Using Shopping Data to Improve the Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer: Computational Analysis of a Web-Based Survey.

Background: Shopping data can be analyzed using machine learning techniques to study population health. It is unknown if the use of such methods can successfully investigate prediagnosis purchases linked to self-medication of symptoms of ovarian cancer.

Objective: The aims of this study were to gain new domain knowledge from women's experiences, understand how women's shopping behavior relates to their pathway to the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and inform research on computational analysis of shopping data for population health.

Risk of Venous Thromboembolism With Gout Flares.

Objective: Previous studies demonstrated that the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased in patients with gout, but not whether there was a temporal association between gout flare and VTE. This study was undertaken to evaluate potential temporal associations between gout flare and VTE.

Methods: Data were obtained from electronic primary-care records from the UK's Clinical Practice Research Datalink, which links data from hospitalization and mortality registers.

Association Between Gout Flare and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Gout.

Importance: Gout is associated with cardiovascular diseases. The temporal association between gout flares and cardiovascular events has not been investigated.

Objective: To investigate whether there is a transient increase in risk of cardiovascular events after a recent gout flare.

Are people with mesothelioma who respond to the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey representative of the national mesothelioma population? A data comparison with cancer registry patients from the National Lung Cancer Audit.

Introduction: More than 2,700 people are diagnosed with mesothelioma each year in the UK. Survival from mesothelioma is poor and to ensure service users' perspectives are incorporated in designing the most effective strategies to improve healthcare in England, the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey (CPES) is carried out annually in people diagnosed with cancer. We assessed whether the mesothelioma population responding to the English CPES is representative of the national mesothelioma population.

Using patient experiences to evaluate care and expectations in lung cancer: analysis of the English Cancer Patient Experience Survey linked with the national cancer registry.

Purpose: Identification of unmet needs in person centred and supportive care could be limited by differences in experience across specific cancer populations. Using the experiences of people with lung cancer, we assess distinctions according to demographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods: The English Cancer Patient Experience Survey was linked to the national cancer registry.

Access to a piped water supply is positively associated with haemoglobin levels in females living in rural Maharashtra State, India.

Objectives: There is a high prevalence of anaemia in individuals living in rural India, which may be modified by a number of environmental factors. The association between access to water, toileting facilities and healthcare services with the prevalence of anaemia was explored to determine potentially modifiable community-level risk factors.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional survey.

Membrane-binding mechanism of the EEA1 FYVE domain revealed by multi-scale molecular dynamics simulations.

Early Endosomal Antigen 1 (EEA1) is a key protein in endosomal trafficking and is implicated in both autoimmune and neurological diseases. The C-terminal FYVE domain of EEA1 binds endosomal membranes, which contain phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI(3)P). Although it is known that FYVE binds PI(3)P specifically, it has not previously been described of how FYVE attaches and binds to endosomal membranes.

Correction: A Direct-to-Public Peer Support Program (Big White Wall) Versus Web-Based Information to Aid the Self-management of Depression and Anxiety: Results and Challenges of an Automated Randomized Controlled Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/23487.].

External validation of a model to predict women most at risk of postpartum venous thromboembolism: Maternity clot risk.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the leading cause of direct maternal mortality in high-income countries. We previously developed a risk prediction score for postpartum venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women without a previous VTE. In this paper, we provide further external validation and assess its performance across various groups of postpartum women from England.

A Direct-to-Public Peer Support Program (Big White Wall) Versus Web-Based Information to Aid the Self-management of Depression and Anxiety: Results and Challenges of an Automated Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Effective help for depression and anxiety reaches a small proportion of people who might benefit from it. The scale of the problem suggests the need for effective, safe web-based public health services delivered directly to the public. One model, the Big White Wall (BWW), offers peer support at low cost.

Trends in Prescribing of Nicotine Replacement Therapy to Pregnant Women in Primary Care in England.

Introduction: Smoking during pregnancy remains common, and the English National Health Service (NHS) has recently been directed to prioritize providing cessation support for pregnant women. We investigated the impact on prescribing of stop smoking treatments to pregnant women of the 2013 transfer of public health budgets from the NHS to administrative authorities responsible for local social care and other nonhealth services (local authorities).

Methods: We used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics to determine annual proportions (2005-2017) of women who smoked during pregnancy and who were prescribed, at least once before childbirth, (1) any NRT and (2) long- and short-acting NRT together (dual NRT).

Two measures of systemic inflammation are positively associated with haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls living in rural India: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that systemic inflammation is inversely associated with haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls in India.

Methods: The study population consisted of adolescent girls aged between 10 and 19 years living in a remote rural region in Maharashtra State, India. Data were collected on anthropometric measures, and a venous blood sample was taken and tested for complete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Coronary atherosclerotic burden in veteran male recreational athletes with low to intermediate cardiovascular risk.

Introduction: Although there is evidence that a significant proportion of veteran athletes have coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD), its prevalence in recreational athletes with low to intermediate cardiovascular (CV) risk is not established. This study aimed to characterize the coronary atherosclerotic burden in veteran male recreational athletes with low to intermediate CV risk.

Methods: Asymptomatic male athletes aged ≥40 years with low to intermediate risk, who exercised >4 hours/week for >5 years, underwent cardiac computed tomography (CT) for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring and CT angiography.

Do working practices of cancer nurse specialists improve clinical outcomes? Retrospective cohort analysis from the English National Lung Cancer Audit.

Background: Cancer nurse specialists are advanced practitioners who offer continuity of care and expert support for people diagnosed with specific cancers. Health Education England's Cancer Workforce Plan prioritises expansion of cancer nurse specialist numbers by 2021 as part of the Cancer Taskforce Strategy for England.

Objective: To assess whether working practices of advanced practice specialist nurses are associated with clinical outcomes for people with lung cancer.