Driving-pressure-independent protective effects of open lung approach against experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: The open lung approach (OLA) reportedly has lung-protective effects against acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recently, lowering of the driving pressure (ΔP), rather than improvement in lung aeration per se, has come to be considered as the primary lung-protective mechanism of OLA. However, the driving pressure-independent protective effects of OLA have never been evaluated in experimental studies.

Hyperleukocytosis Complicated by Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Spurious Hypoxemia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

We present the management of a 15-year-old girl with acute myeloid leukemia who presented with massive hyperleukocytosis and neurological deficit due to intracerebral hemorrhage. Surgical intervention was considered but ultimately not undertaken because of the presence of massive hyperleukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypokalemia, and considerable discrepancy between the oxygen saturation values determined mechanically and by peripheral oximetry. Aggressive treatment of the hyperleukocytosis was immediately started, which improved the patient's overall condition and rendered surgical intervention unnecessary.

Deep Breathing Improves End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring of an Oxygen Nasal Cannula-Based Capnometry Device in Subjects Extubated After Abdominal Surgery.

Background: Capnometry detects hypoventilation earlier than pulse oximetry while supplemental oxygen is being administered. We compared the end-tidal CO (P ) measured using a newly developed oxygen nasal cannula with a CO-sampling port and the P in extubated subjects after abdominal surgery. We also investigated whether the difference between P and P is affected by resting, by spontaneous breathing with the mouth consciously closed, and by deep breathing with the mouth closed.

[Epidural Anesthesia with Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation for Laparotomy in a Patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis].

In patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), general anesthesia carries a significant risk of respiratory complications and may result in prolonged intubation. Epidural anesthesia may be a feasible alternative in selected cases but may impair respiratory function by producing intercostal muscle weakness. Here, we present a case of ALS who underwent emergency laparotomy that was successfully managed with epidural anesthesia and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation.

Splicing potentiation by growth factor signals via estrogen receptor phosphorylation.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated growth factor signals are known to augment the ligand-induced transactivation function of nuclear estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) through phosphorylation of Ser-118 within the ERalpha N-terminal transactivation (activation function-1) domain. We identified the spliceosome component splicing factor (SF)3a p120 as a coactivator specific for human ERalpha (hERalpha) activation function-1 that physically associated with ERalpha dependent on the phosphorylation state of Ser-118. SF3a p120 potentiated hERalpha-mediated RNA splicing, and notably, the potentiation of RNA splicing by SF3a p120 depended on hER Ser-118 phosphorylation.

p54nrb acts as a transcriptional coactivator for activation function 1 of the human androgen receptor.

The androgen receptor (AR) has two transactivation functions that have been mapped to the N- and C-terminal domains and designated as activation function-1 (AF-1) and AF-2, respectively. While the molecular basis for AF-2 function has been well studied, little is known about AF-1 coregulators. Therefore, we attempted to identify AF-1-interacting proteins from HEK293 cells by biochemical purification followed by mass fingerprinting by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).