Management of Airway Obstruction in Infants With Pierre Robin Sequence.

Background: Pierre Robin sequence (PRS)-related airway obstruction is often treated surgically; however, objective measures predicting the need for surgery are poorly defined.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 171 neonates with PRS. Infants were grouped based upon intervention modality: nonsurgical (conservative) or surgical [mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) or tracheostomy].

Operative Learning Curve After Transition to Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery.

Background: No clear consensus yet defines the endpoints for operative learning curves in the transition to minimally invasive endoscopic techniques. This retrospective review of our first 202 patients who underwent endoscopic pituitary resection examines the statistical learning curve related to operative times-a measure of our surgical team's efficiency and complication rate, a reflection of surgical skill and maturity.

Methods: Retrospective chart review included patient demographic data, tumor type, operative time, complications, and follow-up.

Causes for 30-Day Readmission following Transsphenoidal Surgery.

Objective: The Affordable Care Act Readmissions Reduction Program introduced reimbursement policy changes resulting in penalties for hospitals with higher-than-average readmission rates among several categories, including elective surgical cases. We examined the rate of complications resulting in 30-day readmission following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

The catheter hub disinfection cap as esophageal foreign body.

Disinfection caps are increasingly being used to prevent catheter-associated bloodstream infections. These devices, designed for continuous passive disinfection of catheter hubs, are typically small and often brightly colored. As such, they have the potential to become pediatric airway and esophageal foreign bodies.

Outcomes of mandibular distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of severe micrognathia.

Importance: Patients with severe micrognathia are predisposed to airway obstruction. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is an alternative to tracheotomy that lengthens the mandible in order to improve the retrolingual airway. This study presents outcomes from one of the largest cohorts reported.

Epidemiology and risk factors for human papillomavirus infection in a diverse sample of low-income young women.

Background: Two HPV vaccines prevent infection with HPV-16 and HPV-18, high-risk (cancer-associated) HPV types which together cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers; one vaccine also prevents HPV-6 and HPV-11, which together cause approximately 90% of anogenital warts. Defining type-specific HPV epidemiology in sexually experienced women will help estimate the potential clinical benefits of vaccinating this population.

Objectives: To examine HPV epidemiology in a diverse sample of sexually experienced women, and to determine factors associated with high-risk HPV and vaccine-type HPV (HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16 and HPV-18).