Three-dimensional microscope skill acquisition: A randomised controlled study comparing two-dimensional laboratory microscope training, video gaming and virtual reality gaming.

Introduction: Fine microsurgical motor skill acquisition can be challenging. With increasing technological innovation, the methods of microsurgical skills acquisition may change. Studies show that laboratory-based microsurgical training programmes on a 2D microscope significantly improves the microsurgical skill acquisition of novices.

Stack, PAP and Bury: Technical refinements from a case series of 56 profunda artery perforator flaps for breast reconstruction.

Aims: To share experiences and learning curve of the introduction of profunda artery perforator (PAP) flaps in breast reconstruction. The secondary aim was to share techniques to improve outcomes.

Methods: Case series reviewing outcomes of 56 consecutive PAP flaps performed by a single surgeon across five institutions between March 2021 and May 2023 were reported.

Opportunistic use of naturally expanded neck skin for a buccal mucosa defect.

A 77-year-old female presented with an ulceroproliferative lesion of the left buccal mucosa extending to the commissure, diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma on biopsy. She also had a large thyroid swelling, with expanded skin, diagnosed with a multinodular goiter. The patient underwent buccal mucosa wide local excision with left-sided selective neck dissection and total thyroidectomy.

Characteristics and outcomes of primary interposition vascular grafts in free flap breast reconstruction.

Introduction: There is paucity of data on primary interposition vascular grafts (IVG) use in microsurgery. Our study examines the characteristics, indications and outcomes of IVG in free flap breast reconstruction.

Methods: All cases of breast reconstruction with free flaps between January 2013 and June 2018 were examined and cases with primary IVG were included.

Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator and Superior Epigastric Artery Perforator Flaps for Volume Replacement Oncoplastic Breast Surgery.

 Breast conservation therapy (BCT) and oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS) are now established modalities of treatment for breast cancer, with proven oncological safety. Traditionally, latissimus dorsi (LD) flaps have been the one-stop solution workhorse when volume replacement is needed. We present our experience with thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) and superior epigastric artery perforator (SEAP) flaps.