A review on the use of extracellular vesicles for the delivery of drugs and biological therapeutics.

Introduction: Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, are effective tools for delivering small-molecule drugs and biological therapeutics into cells and tissues. Surface modifications with targeting ligands ensure precise delivery to specific cells, minimizing accumulation in healthy organs and reducing the side effects. This is a rapidly growing area in drug delivery research and this review aims to comprehensively discuss the recent advances in the field.

Breaking the Ru-O-Ru Symmetry of a RuO Catalyst for Sustainable Acidic Water Oxidation.

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis is a highly promising hydrogen production technique for sustainable energy supply, however, achieving a highly active and durable catalyst for acidic water oxidation still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we propose a local microenvironment regulation strategy for precisely tuning In-RuO /graphene (In-RuO /G) catalyst with intrinsic electrochemical activity and stability to boost acidic water oxidation. The In-RuO /G displays robust acid oxygen evolution reaction performance with a mass activity of 671 A g at 1.