The Impact of Maternal Passive Tobacco Smoke on Neonatal Myocardiopathy in Mice.

Background: Tobacco smoke has a global impact, particularly on pregnant women and their newborns. An emerging body of research suggests that passive tobacco smoking is a significant contributor to congenital cardiovascular disorders (CVDs).

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to mimic the effects of passive tobacco smoke (PTS) on neonates exposed throughout the gestational period.

Morchella conica, Morchella esculenta and Morchella delicosa Induce Apoptosis in Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines via Pro-apoptotic and Anti-apoptotic Regulation.

Objective: To explore the potential apoptotic mechanisms of 3 Morchella extracts (Morchella conica, Morchella esculenta and Morchella delicosa) on breast and colon cancer cell lines using apoptotic biomarkers.

Methods: Human breast cell line (MCF-7) and colon cancer cell line (SW-480) were treated with methanol and ethanol extracts of 3 Morchella species with concentration ranging from 0.0625 to 2 mg/mL.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Mitigates Kidney Dysfunction in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice via Modulation of Renal Iron Regulatory Genes.

Kidney dysfunction is a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, contributing significantly to diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. We aim to explore whether platelet-rich plasma administration can modulate iron regulation mechanism within the kidney, thereby mitigating renal dysfunction associated with diabetes. Albino mice with an average body weight of 20 ± 5 g were randomly divided into five groups (N = 50; n = 10): Control Group, PRP Group, diabetic group (DG), treated group A (TA), and treated group B (TB).

Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis by (Wild Strawberry) via Attenuation of Inflammatory Mediators in Sprague Dawley Rats.

has never been evaluated scientifically for its anti-arthritic potential despite its use in folkloric systems of medicine. The research was conducted to assess the potential of against rheumatoid arthritis. The current study provided scientific evidence by evaluating the effects of plants using an in vivo CFA-induced model of arthritic rats and subsequent microscopic histopathological evaluation of ankle joints along with the determination of paw edema using a digital water displacement plethysmometer.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential of Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) using pre-clinical rodent model of rheumatoid arthritis.

Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is naturally present in and flowers of . This study assessed the anti-arthritic potential of Lawsone, using FCA-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Arthritic progress was analyzed through a macroscopic scoring scale, measurement of paw edema, and histopathological changes.

Anti-Arthritic and Immunomodulatory Potential of Methanolic, n-Hexane, and Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Bark of on Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder and topic of interest for researchers due to its increasing frequency and limited treatment. Wall is known to treat rheumatic disorders in the traditional system of medicinal plants. Traditional medicines are still required for the treatment of this disease due to the large number of side-effects caused by commercial medicines.

Ameliorated Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Metalloproteinase Enzymes in a Rat Model.

: This study was planned to investigate the anti-arthritic property of flowers of in a Sprague-Dawley rat model by administering Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA). : Arthritis was induced at day 0 in all rats except negative controls, while arthritic progress and paw edema were analyzed on specific days (8th, 13th, 18th, and 23rd) via the macroscopic arthritic scale and a digital Vernier caliper, respectively. Histopathological parameters were examined using a Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining method.

Immunomodulatory effect of glabridin in ovalbumin induced allergic asthma and its comparison with methylprednisolone in a preclinical rodent model.

Glabridin, a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) roots, has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The current study sought to investigate glabridin's immunomodulatory effect in ovalbumin induced allergic asthma. Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups.

Effect of heterologous platelet-rich plasma on liver and modulation of glucose metabolism and Wnt signalling pathways in diabetic mice.

Background: The current study was designed to highlight the effects of heterologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on deteriorated hepatic tissues and impaired glucose metabolism of alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Methods: 30 male mice were divided into a control (CG), PRP (PG), diabetic (DG), and two treated groups (T1G and T2G). PG was given PRP treatment (0.

The complex role of post-operative magnesium on the long term serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in patients undergoing total and near-total thyroidectomy.

Objective: To assess the role of hypomagnesaemia in the development of permanent hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy.

Methods: The prospective cohort study was conducted from April 3, 2017, to January 2, 2020, at Surgical Unit 1, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised of patients of both genders undergoing total and near total thyroidectomy. Post-operative calcium and magnesium levels were noted, and the patients were followed up after 6 months and fasting serum calcium, magnesium and parathyroid hormone levels were checked.

Chrysin Is Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory against Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in a Pre-Clinical Rodent Model.

Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) has many pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory actions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of chrysin and to compare its effect with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, piroxicam, against complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in a pre-clinical model in rats. Rheumatoid arthritis was induced by injecting CFA intra-dermally in the sub-plantar region of the left hind paw of rats.

Evaluation of therapeutic potential of ivermectin against complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats: Involvement of inflammatory mediators.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease with genetic manifestations. According to recently published case reports, patients taking corticosteroid medication for the management of rheumatoid arthritis develop strongloidiasis and are at high risk of developing associated infections. This study explored the antiarthritic role of ivermectin, a drug used in the treatment of strongyloides and to compare its results with dexamethasone.

Inimical impact of high-fat diet on expression of heme oxygenase-1, trace metals content, and associated intestinal histopathology.

A high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most prominent causative factors for obesity and metabolic inflammation. The effects of HFD overconsumption on intestinal histology, expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and transferrin receptor-2 (TFR2) remain elusive. The present study was conducted to analyze the effect of HFD on these parameters.

Sitagliptin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by upregulating renal nephrin and podocin expression through modulation of adipokines levels.

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure, but the effectiveness of currently available strategies for preventing diabetic nephropathy remains unsatisfactory. This study was designed to evaluate the changes in adipokines levels caused by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin therapy as one of the possible mechanisms of sitagliptin's amelioration of diabetic nephropathy. Twenty-four male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were taken and divided into three groups, that is, control, diseased, and treatment group.

Nimbolide attenuates complete Freund's adjuvant induced arthritis through expression regulation of toll-like receptors signaling pathway.

Nimbolide is an active constituent of Azadirachta indica and is known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, immune-modulatory, and anti-cancer effects. Few studies suggest that nimbolide treatment influences the responses to rheumatoid arthritis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms involved are not yet well established. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the effect of nimbolide on expression regulation of toll-like receptors to attenuate rheumatoid arthritis.

Optimization and characterization of alkaliphilic lipase from a novel Bacillus cereus NC7401 strain isolated from diesel fuel polluted soil.

Five Bacillus cereus strains including B. cereus AVP12, B. cereus NC7401, B.

Revolutionalizing the age old conventional treatment of psoriasis: An animal based comparative study between methylprednisolone and different doses of a novel anti-oxidant humanin analogue (HNG).

Background And Objective: Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease with 2-4% of prevalence worldwide conferring a major burden on health systems. It is assumed that the prevalence might increase due to climatic change and deterioration of protective ozone barrier. With the chances of increasing prevalence, newer and specific treatment options need to be explored.

Mechanistic study of regulation of iron homeostasis by N. sativa seeds and P. ovata husks on high fat/high sucrose diet induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: In recent years, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached epidemic proportions. Characteristic findings in NAFLD patients are elevated iron stores, as iron plays an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic liver disease. The current study was aimed at investigating the possible protective effects of N.

Quercetin ameliorates thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis and oxidative stress by antagonizing the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has emerged as a potential target for effectual hepatic repair based on convincing clinical and preclinical evidence that proves its significance in regulating hepatic damage. The purpose of this study is to probe the effect of quercetin on liver fibrosis through the modulation of the Hh pathway. Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 10).

Pharmacological effects of methanol extract on inhibition of squalene synthase and other downstream enzymes of the cholesterol synthesis pathway.

Context: Roxb. (Moraceae) is reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-skin ageing agents.

Objective: This study evaluates the pharmacological effects of leaves methanol extract on enzymes involved in the cholesterol synthesis pathway in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

Carica papaya ameliorates thrombocytopenia through upregulation of Interleukin-11 and modulation of thrombopoietin in mouse model of carboplatin-induced myelosuppression.

Introduction: Carica papaya L. (C. papaya) is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases throughout the world.

Human immunodeficiency virus: The potential of medicinal plants as antiretroviral therapy.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is fast becoming widespread in the world with 37.7 million people living with HIV in 2020. Antiretroviral therapy involving chemical drugs has declined acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related mortality and improved the life quality of AIDS/HIV sufferers.

High-fat diet-induced splenic, hepatic, and skeletal muscle architecture damage: cellular and molecular players.

The trend of consuming food high in calories, fat, and sugar with little nutritional value and reduced physical exercise has resulted in an alarming ratio of overweight and obese subjects worldwide. Low-grade chronic inflammation is the key feature of obesity that causes an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines in circulation. The current study was aimed to investigate the effect of high-fat diet on the architecture of spleen, liver, and skeletal muscle and changes in the expression of hepatic cytokines.

Frequency of Hypomagnesaemia following Total and Near-total Thyroidectomy and its relationship with Hypocalcaemia.

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypomagnesaemia in patients undergoing thyroidectomy and evaluate its relationship with postoperative hypocalcaemia.

Study Design: Observational, cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Surgical Unit 1, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from April 2017 to May 2019.

Sequencing and Characterization of Mitochondrial Protein-Coding Genes for (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) with Phylogenetic Consideration.

The present study was conducted to get more information about the genome and locate the taxonomic position of in Schizothoracinae through mitochondrial 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs). These PCGs for were found to be 11409 bps in length ranging from 165 (ATPase 8) to 1824 bps (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5) and encode 3801 amino acids. In these PCGs, 4 genes overlap on the similar strands, while one shown on the opposite one: ATPase 6+8 and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4+4L overlap by 7 nucleotides.