Barrier damaging effects of n-propanol in occlusion-modified tandem repeated irritation test: Modulation by exposure factors and atopic skin disease.

Background: Recent studies provide evidence for significant and previously underestimated barrier damaging effects of repeated exposure to 60% n-propanol in healthy skin in vivo.

Objectives: To investigate further the cumulative effects of a range of n-propanol concentrations relevant at the workplace in healthy and atopic dermatitis (AD) individuals, and study the modulation of the outcomes by co-exposure and host-related factors.

Methods: Healthy adult and AD volunteers were exposed to n-propanol concentrations from 30% to 75% in occlusion-modified tandem repeated irritation test with measurements of erythema, transepidermal water loss, capacitance, and the natural moisturizing factor (NMF) levels at baseline and after 96 hours.

Specific barrier response profiles after experimentally induced skin irritation in vivo.

Background: Recently, natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) and corneocyte surface topography were suggested as biomarkers for irritant dermatitis.

Objectives: To investigate how exposure to different irritants influences corneocyte surface topography, NMF levels and the barrier function of human skin in vivo.

Methods: Eight healthy adult volunteers were exposed to aqueous solutions of 60% n-propanol, 0.

Barrier Function and Natural Moisturizing Factor Levels After Cumula-tive Exposure to Short-chain Aliphatic Alcohols and Detergents: Results of Occlusion-modified Tandem Repeated Irritation Test.

Alcohol-based disinfectants and detergents are common workplace factors for irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Though occlusion and water are relevant co-exposures, the tandem effects of occlusion and sequential exposure to alcohols and detergents have not been studied. We therefore investigated the combined effects of occlusion with water and repeated exposure to n-propanol and/or sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) in an occlusion-modified tandem irritation test.