Comparative analysis of GPT-4-based ChatGPT's diagnostic performance with radiologists using real-world radiology reports of brain tumors.

Objectives: Large language models like GPT-4 have demonstrated potential for diagnosis in radiology. Previous studies investigating this potential primarily utilized quizzes from academic journals. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic capabilities of GPT-4-based Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) using actual clinical radiology reports of brain tumors and compare its performance with that of neuroradiologists and general radiologists.

"Shock kidney-like Appearance": Objective evaluation of renal color changes in hemorrhagic shock deaths.

Severe bleeding due to various traumatic injuries can cause hemorrhagic shock, which is difficult to diagnose using forensic medicine. Therefore, we defined the difference in color between the renal cortex and medulla observed in hemorrhagic shock deaths as "shock kidney-like appearance (SKLA)" and digitally analyzed the color difference with a digital camera and color analysis software. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a method for objectively determining SKLA and improve the accuracy of forensic diagnosis.

Massive bleeding from an infected pseudoaneurysm in an arteriovenous graft that resulted in death: A case report.

We report an autopsy of a death due to a ruptured infected pseudoaneurysm; a man in his 70s was found dead with massive bleeding from the shunt of his right arm. Autopsy and pathological examination revealed that the cause of death was hemorrhagic shock due to rupture of an infected pseudoaneurysm. Ruptured aneurysms and pseudoaneurysm are a complication of dialysis, and death is rare because they are treated immediately on discovery.

Percutaneous transhepatic sclerotherapy for ascending colonic varices due to left-sided portal hypertension.

Left-sided portal hypertension (LSPH) causes varices and splenomegaly due to splenic vein issues. Colonic varices are rare and lack standardized treatment. We report the successful treatment of colonic varices caused by LSPH, by addressing both the afferent and efferent veins.

Erratum to "Association between periodontal disease and pericardial adipose tissue in patients with cardiovascular disease" [American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiol. Res. and Pract. Volume 30, 2023, 100,298].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.

Association between periodontal disease and pericardial adipose tissue in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Background: Periodontal disease (PD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is known as a marker of progressive CVD. This study sought to assess the association between PD and PAT in patients with CVD.

Trigeminal Sensitization in a Closed Head Model for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is often accompanied by neurological and ocular symptoms that involve trigeminal nerve pathways. Laser-induced shock wave (LISW) was applied to the skull of male rats as a model for mTBI, while behavioral and neural recording methods were used to assess trigeminal function. The LISW caused greater eye wiping behavior to ocular instillation of hypertonic saline (Sham = 4.

Identification of α-Tocopherol succinate as an RFFL-substrate interaction inhibitor inducing peripheral CFTR stabilization and apoptosis.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase RFFL is an apoptotic inhibitor highly expressed in cancers and its knockdown suppresses cancer cell growth and sensitizes to chemotherapy. RFFL also participates in peripheral protein quality control which removes the functional cell surface ΔF508-CFTR channel and reduces the efficacy of pharmaceutical therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF). Although RFFL inhibitors have therapeutic potential for both cancer and CF, they remain undiscovered.

ALKBH4 is a novel enzyme that promotes translation through modified uridine regulation.

Epitranscriptomics studies the mechanisms of acquired RNA modifications. The epitranscriptome is dynamically regulated by specific enzymatic reactions, and the proper execution of these enzymatic RNA modifications regulates a variety of physiological RNA functions. However, the lack of experimental tools, such as antibodies for RNA modification, limits the development of epitranscriptomic research.

Exploring the Microscopic Aspects of 1-Methyl-3-octylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Mixtures with Formamide, -Methylformamide, and ,-Dimethylformamide by Multiple Spectroscopic Techniques and Computations.

The microscopic aspects of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([MOIm][BF]) mixtures with formamide (FA), -methylformamide (NMF), and ,-dimethylformamide (DMF) were investigated using spectroscopic techniques of femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy (fs-RIKES), FT-IR, and NMR. Molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemistry calculations were also performed. According to fs-RIKES, the first moment of the low-frequency spectrum bands mainly originating from the intermolecular vibrations in the [MOIm][BF]/FA and [MOIm][BF]/DMF systems changed gradually with the molecular liquid mole fraction but that in the [MOIm][BF]/NMF system was constant up to = 0.

Contribution of periodontal health in cardiovascular secondary prevention: Analyses on hospitalized patients in cardiology units.

Aim: To investigate the association between dental health and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in secondary prevention setting.

Materials And Methods: A total of 888 patients with known CVD hospitalized in the cardiology unit were prospectively enrolled. We assessed the association between missing teeth and three variables of periodontitis and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke and hospital re-admission for congestive heart failure.

Periodontitis was associated with worse clinical outcomes after catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Background: Periodontitis (PD), a common chronic inflammatory disease, may be associated with the subsequent development of atrial fibrillation (AF) through a mechanism of systemic inflammation. However, little is known about the impact of PD on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation (CA).

Methods: A total of 132 patients (age 62.

A case of erythema multiforme-like rash induced by everolimus in a patient with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.

A 66-year-old Japanese woman had been diagnosed with a neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreatic head (G2) 3 years previously and undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy. Nine months postoperatively, recurrence with multiple liver metastases developed and she was referred to our department. A regimen of 10 mg of everolimus for 2 weeks plus 1-week washout was instituted, and no adverse events were observed.

Effects of self-hydrogen bonding among formamide molecules on the UCST-type liquid-liquid phase separation of binary solutions with imidazolium-based ionic liquid, [Cmim][TFSI], studied by NMR, IR, MD simulations, and SANS.

The upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type liquid-liquid phase separation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([Cmim][TFSI], where represents the alkyl chain length of the cation, = 6, 8, 10, and 12) binary solutions with formamide (FA) was examined as a function of temperature and the FA mole fraction . The two-phase region (immiscible region) of the solutions is much larger and expands more with the increase in , in comparison with the previous [Cmim][TFSI]-1,4-dioxane (1,4-DIO) systems. An array of spectroscopic techniques, including H and C NMR and IR combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, was conducted on the present binary systems to clarify the microscopic interactions that contribute to the phase-separation mechanism.

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin serving as a useful marker for the early recognition of relapse of isolated cardiac sarcoidosis: a case report.

Background: Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis is a relatively rare disease that is difficult to manage because of challenges in determining the progression and flare-up of cardiac lesions. Routine reduction of glucocorticoid doses may lead to treatment failure and disease relapse, which are associated with increased mortality.

Case Summary: Herein, we present the case of a 49-year-old woman with isolated cardiac sarcoidosis in whom high-sensitivity cardiac troponin served as a biomarker for tailoring immunosuppressive therapy.

Clear Evidence of Gene Biallelic Truncating Variants Causing Infantile Nephrotic Syndrome.

Background: Pathogenic variants in single genes encoding podocyte-associated proteins have been implicated in about 30% of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) patients in children. However, gene biallelic variants have been identified in only seven patients so far, and most are missense variants of unknown significance. Furthermore, no functional analysis had been conducted for all but one of these variants.

Opto-electrical bimodal recording of neural activity in awake head-restrained mice.

Electrical and optical monitoring of neural activity is major approaches for studying brain functions. Each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, such as the ability to determine cell types and temporal resolution. Although opto-electrical bimodal recording is beneficial by enabling us to exploit the strength of both approaches, it has not been widely used.

Anion Effects on the Mixing States of 1-Methyl-3-octylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate and Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide with Methanol, Acetonitrile, and Dimethyl Sulfoxide on the Meso- and Microscopic Scales.

The mixing states of two imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with different anions, 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (CmimBF) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (CmimTFSA), with three molecular liquids (MLs), methanol (MeOH), acetonitrile (AN), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), have been investigated on both mesoscopic and microscopic scales using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), infrared (IR), and H and C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been conducted on the six combinations of ILs and MLs to observe the states of their mixtures on the atomic level. The SANS profiles of the IL-ML mixtures suggested that MeOH molecules only form clusters in both CmimBF and CmimTFSA, whereas AN and DMSO were homogeneously mixed with ILs on the SANS scale.

Capillary hemangioma of the sphenoid sinus with intrasellar and parasellar extensions.

Capillary hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors usually diagnosed in infancy and involving skin and soft tissues. We report a rare case of an adult capillary hemangioma of the left sphenoid sinus extending into the intrasellar and parasellar regions. A 71-year-old woman presented with complaints of headaches and diplopia.

Effect of Periodontal Disease on Long-Term Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for De Novo Coronary Lesions in Non-Smokers.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of periodontal disease (PD) on the outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods and results: The study included 77 consecutive non-smoking patients with de novo coronary lesions treated with a drug-eluting stent (DES). Periodontal measurements, including the community periodontal index (CPI), were performed by independent periodontists.

Assessing green management in health belief model: An analysis of a post-disaster rural context.

Previous studies have highlighted ecosystem-based management (EBM) related pro-environmental behaviors. EBM is based on the engagement of local communities in disaster-affected areas. However, few studies have explored the association between residents' health conditions and their perceptions of and capacities for EBM in post-disaster community development.

Coastal exposure and residents' mental health in the affected areas by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.

No previous study has ever explored the association between coastal exposure and the mental health of residents in a post-disaster context. Therefore, we aimed to confirm whether there was an association between sea visibility and coastal proximity and the mental health of coastal residents a devastating tsunami. We targeted 15 coastal municipalities located in the Miyagi Prefecture, and obtained data from a community-based cohort study.

Laser Capture Microdissection of Single Neurons with Morphological Visualization Using Fluorescent Proteins Fused to Transmembrane Proteins.

Gene expression analysis in individual neuronal types helps in understanding brain function. Genetic methods expressing fluorescent proteins are widely used to label specific neuronal populations. However, because cell type specificity of genetic labeling is often limited, it is advantageous to combine genetic labeling with additional methods to select specific cell/neuronal types.

Within-Trial Persistence of Learned Behavior as a Dissociable Behavioral Component in Hippocampus-Dependent Memory Tasks: A Potential Postlearning Role of Immature Neurons in the Adult Dentate Gyrus.

The term "memory strength" generally refers to how well one remembers something. But more precisely it contains multiple modalities, such as how easily, how accurately, how confidently and how vividly we remember it. In human, these modalities of memory strength are dissociable.