Redefining infection management in implant-based breast reconstruction: Insights and innovations from an 11-year retrospective analysis.

Background: Infections associated with implant-based breast reconstructive surgery are challenging for both patients and surgeons, often implying high recurrence rate, long treatments (both medical and surgical management), multiple invasive procedures, and delay of the end-result and, in some cases, even reconstruction failure. Early diagnosis is crucial but not always easy to achieve. Various treatment options are available and have been described in literature, with no clear winning strategy.

Safety and Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Subcutaneous Administration of Beta-Lactams: A Systematic Review.

Beta-lactams are extensively used antibiotics known for their safety and effectiveness. The rise in patients who receive care in outpatient settings has increased the interest in subcutaneous administration (SA). The aim of the study is to assess the safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of SA of beta-lactams compared with other routes.

Missed infection prevention and control activities and their predictors: insights from a pre- and post-pandemic study.

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to compare differences, if any, in missed infection prevention and control (IPC) activities before and after the pandemic, along with the related predictors. The secondary aim was to identify relationships between missed IPC activities and unfinished nursing care.

Methods: A repeated cross-sectional design was conducted in 2019 (pre-pandemic, 184 nurses) and 2024 (post-pandemic, 240 nurses) in a large academic hospital following the Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies guidelines.

Renal function and its impact on the concentration of ceftazidime-avibactam: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study measured the effect of renal function on the plasma concentrations of ceftazidime and avibactam in critically ill patients. We also sought to measure the concentration ratio of ceftazidime to avibactam.

Methods: This was a cohort study at a tertiary referral centre in Italy, on patients treated with continuous infusion of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) between November 2019 and December 2023.

Pooled analysis of the MANTICO2 and MONET randomized controlled trials comparing drug efficacy for early treatment of COVID-19 during Omicron waves.

Background: The clinical effectiveness of early therapies for mild-to-moderate COVID-19, comparing antivirals and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) during the Omicron era, has not been conclusively assessed through a post-approval comparative trial. We present a pooled analysis of two randomized clinical trials conducted during Omicron waves.

Methods: The MANTICO2/MONET trial is a pooled analysis of two multicentric, independent, phase-4, three-arm, superiority, randomized, open-label trials.

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam treatment for patients with hospital-acquired and ventilatory-associated bacterial pneumonia in Canada in 2022-2024: results from the CLEAR registry.

Background: We report results from the national CLEAR (Canadian Leadership on Antimicrobial Real-Life Usage) registry on the usage of ceftolozane/tazobactam in Canada from 2022 to 2024.

Research Design And Methods: The authors reviewed the final data using the national ethics approved CLEAR study. Thereafter, the literature is surveyed regarding the usage of ceftolozane/tazobactam to treat patients with HABP and VABP via PubMed (up to May 2024).

Cefepime-Taniborbactam: A Novel Cephalosporin/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combination.

Taniborbactam (formerly known as VNRX-5133) is a novel bicyclic boronate β-lactamase inhibitor of serine β-lactamases (SBLs) [Ambler classes A, C, and D] and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) [Ambler class B], including NDM and VIM, but not IMP. Cefepime-taniborbactam is active in vitro against most isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), including both carbapenemase-producing and carbapenemase-non-producing CRE and CRPA, as well as against multidrug-resistant (MDR), ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant, meropenem-vaborbactam-resistant, and ceftolozane-tazobactam-resistant Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa.

Phenotypical Differences at the Physiological and Clinical Level between Two Genetically Closely Related Strains Isolated from Patients.

The occurrence of non-albicans species within the genus poses a major challenge in the clinical setting. , formerly known as , has gained attention due to its potential multidrug resistance, particularly to amphotericin B (AmB). While intrinsic resistance to AmB is rare, secondary resistance may develop during treatment due to phenotypic rearrangement and the reorganization of the cell wall.

Real-life experience with IV dalbavancin in Canada; results from the CLEAR (Canadian LEadership on Antimicrobial Real-life usage) registry.

Objectives: We report the use of IV dalbavancin in Canadian patients using data captured by the national CLEAR registry.

Methods: The CLEAR registry uses the web-based data management program, REDCap™ (online survey https://rcsurvey.radyfhs.

Management of intra-abdominal infections: recommendations by the Italian council for the optimization of antimicrobial use.

Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common surgical emergencies and are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital settings, particularly if poorly managed. The cornerstones of effective IAIs management include early diagnosis, adequate source control, appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and early physiologic stabilization using intravenous fluids and vasopressor agents in critically ill patients. Adequate empiric antimicrobial therapy in patients with IAIs is of paramount importance because inappropriate antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor outcomes.

SARS-CoV-2 and influenza vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic in a dynamic perspective.

To investigate the dynamic evolution of vaccine hesitancy toward both COVID-19 and influenza in a context characterized by the compresence of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and seasonal flu epidemics, a two times repeated cross-sectional exploratory design was performed at Udine Hospital (Italy) following a cohort of 479 adult patients with a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2020. Vaccine attitude was assessed through standardized telephone interviews performed at 12 and 18 months after the acute illness. The first interview reported the success of the 2020/21 seasonal influenza immunization with 46.

Maximally informative feature selection using Information Imbalance: Application to COVID-19 severity prediction.

Clinical databases typically include, for each patient, many heterogeneous features, for example blood exams, the clinical history before the onset of the disease, the evolution of the symptoms, the results of imaging exams, and many others. We here propose to exploit a recently developed statistical approach, the Information Imbalance, to compare different subsets of patient features and automatically select the set of features that is maximally informative for a given clinical purpose, especially in minority classes. We adapt the Information Imbalance approach to work in a clinical framework, where patient features are often categorical and are generally available only for a fraction of the patients.

Adjunctive immunotherapeutic agents in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a multidisciplinary consensus of 23.

Background: In the last decades, several adjunctive treatments have been proposed to reduce mortality in septic shock patients. Unfortunately, mortality due to sepsis and septic shock remains elevated and NO trials evaluating adjunctive therapies were able to demonstrate any clear benefit. In light of the lack of evidence and conflicting results from previous studies, in this multidisciplinary consensus, the authors considered the rational, recent investigations and potential clinical benefits of targeted adjunctive therapies.

Revolutionizing Daptomycin Dosing: A Single 7-11-Hour Sample for Pragmatic Application.

Precision daptomycin dosing faces clinical implementation barriers despite known exposure-safety concerns with the use of twice the regulatory-approved doses. We propose achieving a single 7-11-hour post-dose plasma target concentration of 30 mg/L to 43 mg/L to be a practical starting point to facilitate precision daptomycin dosing.