Publications by authors named "Tarver B"
Background: Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation improved upper extremity impairment and function in a recent pivotal, randomized, triple-blind, sham-controlled trial in people with chronic arm weakness after stroke.
Objective: We aimed to determine whether treatment effects varied across candidate subgroups, such as younger age or less injury.
Methods: Participants were randomized to receive rehabilitation paired with active VNS or rehabilitation paired with sham stimulation (Control).
Article Synopsis
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) with rehabilitation was FDA-approved in 2021 for improving motor function in chronic stroke survivors with severe arm and hand impairments.
- The study involved 108 participants who underwent outpatient VNS implantation, with minimal complications noted, and most had recovery within 48 hours.
- The findings indicate that the Vivistim System has a favorable safety profile comparable to previous VNS treatments for epilepsy and depression, supporting its use in stroke patients.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists are studying a way to help people who had a stroke regain movement in their arms by using a technique called vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) along with physical therapy.
- Previous smaller studies showed that using VNS with therapy helped people get better movement compared to those who just did therapy without VNS.
- Now, they are starting a bigger study with up to 120 people to see if VNS really works for improving arm function after a stroke and to check if it is safe to use.
Background and Purpose- We assessed safety, feasibility, and potential effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation for improving arm function after chronic stroke. Methods- We performed a randomized, multisite, double-blinded, sham-controlled pilot study. All participants were implanted with a VNS device and received 6-week in-clinic rehabilitation followed by a home exercise program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of the pilot study was to evaluate the effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) paired with sounds in chronic tinnitus patients. All participants were implanted and randomized to a paired VNS (n = 16) or control (n = 14) group. After 6 weeks of home therapy, all participants received paired VNS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess whether state criminal exposure laws are associated with HIV and stage 3 (AIDS) diagnosis rates in the United States.
Design: We assessed the relationship between HIV and stage 3 (AIDS) diagnosis data from the National HIV Surveillance System and the presence of a state criminal exposure law as identified through WestlawNext by using generalized estimating equations.
Methods: We limited analysis to persons aged at least 13 years with diagnosed HIV infection or AIDS reported to the National HIV Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
At the end of 2010, 1.5% of inmates in state prisons were known to be HIV positive, a prevalence rate approximately 3 times that of the general population of the United States. Increased HIV testing in correctional settings has the potential to identify previously undiagnosed infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Recent animal studies demonstrate that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with movement induces movement-specific plasticity in motor cortex and improves forelimb function after stroke. We conducted a randomized controlled clinical pilot study of VNS paired with rehabilitation on upper-limb function after ischemic stroke.
Methods: Twenty-one participants with ischemic stroke >6 months before and moderate to severe upper-limb impairment were randomized to VNS plus rehabilitation or rehabilitation alone.
Human vagus nerve electrophysiology: a guide to vagus nerve stimulation parameters.
J Clin Neurophysiol
September 2001
The authors studied human vagus nerve electrophysiology intraoperatively on 21 patients (age range: 4 to 31 years) during implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator for seizure control. The study was performed with direct electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve with various stimulation parameters resembling those employed by the Cyberonics NeuroCybernetic Prosthesis System (Houston, TX), which is used clinically for vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of seizures. Recordings were made directly from the rostral end of the vagus nerve.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To determine rates of all-cause mortality and of sudden, unexpected, unexplained deaths in epilepsy (SUDEP) in a cohort of individuals treated with the Neuro Cybernetic Prosthesis (NCP) System for intractable epilepsy, and; to contrast the NCP experience with other epilepsy cohorts.
Methods: A cohort of 791 individuals were followed for 1,335 person-years from implantation. Of the total cohort, 120 individuals had their NCP System devices deactivated.
Vagus nerve stimulation for symptomatic generalized epilepsy: a pilot study.
Epilepsia
February 1998
Purpose: Patients with symptomatic generalized epilepsy (SGE) may have antiepileptic drug (AED)-resistant mixed generalized seizures. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) reduces partial seizures and may help SGE.
Methods: We added VNS to stable AED therapy in five SGE patients.