Adolescent and Young Adult Perspectives on Quality and Value in Health Care.

Objective: To describe adolescent and young adult (AYA) perspectives on defining quality and value in health care and to gain understanding of their knowledge of value-based payment.

Methods: A text message-based survey was sent to a convenience sample of AYAs aged 14 to 24 in 2019. Participants were asked 4 open-ended questions: 1) how they would define "good health care," 2) what factors to consider in rating doctors, 3) whose opinions should matter most when rating doctors, and 4) the best ways to collect AYA opinions on doctors, and one yes/no question on their awareness of value-based payment.

The Dose-Response Relationship Between Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Health in Adolescents.

Introduction: This study examines the dose-response relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic measures in adolescents.

Methods: Cross-sectional spline analyses were performed using 2003-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data among adolescents (aged 12-19 years, N=9,195) on objectively measured (2003-2006) and self-reported (2007-2016) weekly mean minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic measures (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, BMI, and cardiorespiratory fitness). Inflection points were determined for nonlinear relationships.

Applying Behavioral Economics to Improve Adolescent and Young Adult Health: A Developmentally-Sensitive Approach.

Each day, adolescents and young adults (AYAs) choose to engage in behaviors that impact their current and future health. Behavioral economics represents an innovative lens through which to explore decision-making among AYAs. Behavioral economics outlines a diverse set of phenomena that influence decision-making and can be leveraged to develop interventions that may support behavior change.

Pediatric accountable health communities: Insights on needed capabilities and potential solutions.

Background: Pediatric accountable health communities (AHCs) are emerging collaborative models that integrate care across health and social service sectors. We aimed to identify needed capabilities and potential solutions for implementing pediatric AHCs.

Methods: We conducted a directed content analysis of responses to a Request for Information (RFI) from the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation on the Integrated Care for Kids Model (n = 1550 pages from 202 respondents).

The Dose-Response Relationship Between Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Health in Young Adults.

Purpose: Guidelines recommend 150 minutes of weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for all adults, although physical activity level correlation with cardiometabolic health is not well characterized for young adults. We determined the dose-response relationship of MVPA on measures of cardiometabolic health in young adults.

Methods: We examined young adults (aged 20-29 years; N = 5,395, 47.

Pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 increases operant alcohol self-administration in a manner associated with altered pGSK-3β, protein interacting with C kinase and GluA2 protein expression in the reward pathway of male C57BL/6J mice.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a constitutively active serine-threonine kinase that regulates numerous signaling pathways and has been implicated in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Alcohol exposure increases GSK-3β (ser9) phosphorylation (pGSK-3β); however, few studies have investigated whether GSK-3 regulates the positive reinforcing effects of alcohol, which drive repetitive drug use. To address this goal, male C57BL/6J mice were trained to lever press on a fixed-ratio 4 schedule of sweetened alcohol or sucrose-only reinforcement in operant conditioning chambers.

Mining the nucleus accumbens proteome for novel targets of alcohol self-administration in male C57BL/6J mice.

Rationale: There is a clear need for discovery of effective medications to treat behavioral pathologies associated with alcohol addiction, such as chronic drinking.

Objective: The goal of this preclinical study was to assess effects of chronic alcohol drinking on the nucleus accumbens (NAcb) proteome to identify and validate novel targets for medications development.

Materials And Methods: Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization tandem time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF/TOF) was used to assess effects of chronic voluntary home-cage (24-h access) alcohol drinking on the NAcb proteome of C57BL/6J mice.