Achieving superior carbon transfer efficiency and pH control using membrane carbonation with a wide range of CO contents for the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi.

The economic viability of microalgal-derived products relies on rapid CO transfer in a cost-effective manner. Many industrial gas streams contain concentrated CO that, if converted to useful products, would lower greenhouse gas emissions and valorize the wasted CO. Membrane carbonation (MC) uses non-porous hollow-fiber gas-transfer membranes to deliver CO without bubble formation, which makes it possible to achieve a high carbon-transfer efficiency (CTE).