Contamination of the terrestrial food chain by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and related human health risks: A systematic review.

Background: PFAS contamination is a global issue, affecting various food sources, especially animal-based products like eggs and dairy.

Objective: Collect scientific evidence of the presence of PFAS in diverse food and edible resources along with the related risks to human health, pursuing the following objectives: determination of the level of terrestrial food chain contamination; determination of the related human health risk.

Data Source: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases.

From Data to Decisions: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance - a Comprehensive Review.

The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge to modern medicine. In response, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have emerged as powerful tools for combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This review aims to explore the role of AI/ML in AMR management, with a focus on identifying pathogens, understanding resistance patterns, predicting treatment outcomes, and discovering new antibiotic agents.

Synthesis, quantum chemical calculations, in silico and in vitro bioactivity of a sulfonamide-Schiff base derivative.

The sulfonamide Schiff base compound (E)-4-((4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)amino)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide was successfully prepared and fully characterized. The foremost objective of this study was to explore the molecular geometry of the aforementioned compound and determine its drug likeness characteristics, docking ability as an insulysin inhibitor, anticancer and antioxidant activities. The molecular structure of this compound was optimized using the B3LYP/6-311G+(d,p) level of theory.

Harnessing and bioprospecting botanical-based herbal medicines against potential drug targets for COVID-19: a review coupled molecular docking studies.

Since the end of February 2020, the world has come to a standstill due to the virus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Since then, the global scientific community has explored various remedies and treatments against this virus, including natural products that have always been a choice because of their many benefits. Various known phytochemicals are well documented for their antiviral properties.

Bioactive Molecules Derived from Plants in Managing Dengue Vector (Linn.).

Mosquitoes are the potential vectors of several viral diseases such as filariasis, malaria, dengue, yellow fever, Zika fever and encephalitis in humans as well as other species. Dengue, the most common mosquito-borne disease in humans caused by the dengue virus is transmitted by the vector . Fever, chills, nausea and neurological disorders are the frequent symptoms of Zika and dengue.

The spread of the omicron variant: Identification of knowledge gaps, virus diffusion modelling, and future research needs.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognised variant B.1.1.

Exploring the potential of CRISPR/Cas genome editing for vegetable crop improvement: An overview of challenges and approaches.

Vegetables provide many nutrients in the form of fiber, vitamins, and minerals, which make them an important part of our diet. Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses can affect crop growth, quality, and yield. Traditional and modern breeding strategies to improve plant traits are slow and resource intensive.

Genome-wide identification and development of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements and intron length polymorphic markers in tea plant (Camellia sinensis).

Marker-assisted breeding and tagging of important quantitative trait loci for beneficial traits are two important strategies for the genetic improvement of plants. However, the scarcity of diverse and informative genetic markers covering the entire tea genome limits our ability to achieve such goals. In the present study, we used a comparative genomic approach to mine the tea genomes of Camellia sinensis var.

On Aethina Erichson of Northeast India (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Nitidulinae).

Four species of Aethina [Aethina (Aethina) vicina Grouvelle, 1894, Aethina (Idaethina) orientalis (Nietner, 1856), Aethina (Idaethina) subrugosa (Grouvelle, 1894b) and Aethina (Circopes) subquadrata (Motschulsky, 1858)] have been newly recorded from northeast Indian states. Hitherto, three species, viz., Aethina (Aethina) argus Grouvelle, 1890, Aethina (Aethina) cyaneipennis Grouvelle, 1903 and Aethina (Aethina) inconspicua Nakane, 1967 were known from Northeast India.

Impact of clinical posting in psychiatry on the attitude towards mental illness in undergraduate final year medical students.

Introduction: The stigma in psychiatry is pervasive, it is more serious obstacle for treatment initiation. Stigmatization among health professional themselves can result in compromised patient care. The aim of this study is to see the impact of psychiatry clinical posting on the attitude of medical students towards, psychiatry and mental illness.

Pharmacokinetic and molecular docking studies to design antimalarial compounds targeting Actin I.

Objective: Malaria is an ancient disease that still causes more than 200 million of cases 7 with high mortality globally. Identification of new drug targets and development of novel antimalarial drugs with unique mode of action encounter the drug resistance and reduce the mortality by parasites. Actin protein is one of the key proteins in playing multifarious important roles including transport, cell motility, cell division, and shape determination.

Computational and experimental insight into antituberculosis agent, ()-benzyl-2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazinecarbodithioate: ADME analysis.

A new Schiff base, ()-benzyl-2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbodithioate (compound ) has been synthesized and experimentally characterized by the IR, UV-Vis, H-NMR and mass spectroscopies. The theoretical study of the synthesized compound was evaluated using the density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31G+(d,p) basis set. The electronic absorption spectrum of compound was evaluated using time-dependent density functional theory.

Insights into Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Current Understanding, Research, and Therapeutic Updates.

Background: Humans can be infected with various coronaviruses that can cause serious illness and death. One such pandemic strain of coronavirus was recently identified in December 2019, and it led to a devastating outbreak in Wuhan city of China. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2).

A review on current advances in machine learning based diabetes prediction.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder comprising of high glucose level in blood over a prolonged period in the body as it is not capable of using it properly. The severe complications associated with diabetes include diabetic ketoacidosis, nonketotic hypersmolar coma, cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic renal failure, retinal damage and foot ulcers. There is a huge increase in the number of patients with diabetes globally and it is considered a major health problem worldwide.

The Role of Advanced Technologies Supplemented with Traditional Methods in Pharmacovigilance Sciences.

Background: The immediate automatic systemic monitoring and reporting of adverse drug reactions, improving the efficacy is the utmost need of the medical informatics community. The venturing of advanced digital technologies into the health sector has opened new avenues for rapid monitoring. In recent years, data shared through social media, mobile apps, and other social websites has increased manifolds requiring data mining techniques.

DFT studies on vibrational and electronic spectra, HOMO-LUMO, MEP, HOMA, NBO and molecular docking analysis of benzyl-3-N-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenylmethylene)hydrazinecarbodithioate.

Benzyl-3-N-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenylmethylene)hydrazinecarbodithioate (compound is a bidentate and nitrogen-sulfur containing Schiff base, which has been synthesized by the condensation reaction of S-benzylndithiocarbazate and 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde. The theoretical calculations of the mentioned compound have been carried out using the more popular density functional theory method, Becke-3-Parameter-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) in 6-31G+(d,p) basis set. The computational results of the compound were compared with the obtained experimental value.

Comparative transcriptomics uncovers differences in photoautotrophic versus photoheterotrophic modes of nutrition in relation to secondary metabolites biosynthesis in Swertia chirayita.

Swertia chirayita is a high-value medicinal herb exhibiting antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antiediematogenic and antipyretic properties. Scarcity of its plant material has necessitated in vitro production of therapeutic metabolites; however, their yields were low compared to field grown plants. Possible reasons for this could be differences in physiological and biochemical processes between plants grown in photoautotrophic versus photoheterotrophic modes of nutrition.

The effect of microwave roasting on the antioxidant properties of the Bangladeshi groundnut cultivar.

Background: Groundnut seeds are an important source of bioactive phenolic compounds with noteworthy antioxidant capacity, which may be enhanced by the microwave roasting process. The aim of this work is   to study the changes in antioxidant activity in groundnut seeds during microwave roasting, as a function of roasting time and extract concentration, in order to maximise the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of roasted seeds.

Methods: The study was conducted to evaluate total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidative activity of methanolic (GME), ethanolic (GEE), and chloroform (GCE) extracts and methanolic extract of oil (GMO) from groundnut seeds exposed to microwaves.

DRPPP: A machine learning based tool for prediction of disease resistance proteins in plants.

Plant disease outbreak is increasing rapidly around the globe and is a major cause for crop loss worldwide. Plants, in turn, have developed diverse defense mechanisms to identify and evade different pathogenic microorganisms. Early identification of plant disease resistance genes (R genes) can be exploited for crop improvement programs.

Comparative transcriptome analysis in different tissues of a medicinal herb, Picrorhiza kurroa pinpoints transcription factors regulating picrosides biosynthesis.

Transcriptional regulation of picrosides biosynthesis, the iridoid glycosides of an endangered medicinal herb, Picrorhiza kurroa, is completely unknown. P. kurroa plants obtained from natural habitat accumulate higher picrosides than in-vitro cultured plants, which necessitates identification of transcription factors (TFs) regulating their differential biosynthesis.

Comparative whole-transcriptome analysis in Podophyllum species identifies key transcription factors contributing to biosynthesis of podophyllotoxin in P. hexandrum.

Podophyllum species (Podophyllum hexandrum Royle and Podophyllum peltatum) are a major source of deriving anticancer drugs from their major chemical constituent, podophyllotoxin. However, information lacks on regulatory components of podophyllotoxin biosynthesis; therefore, different classes of transcription factors were identified through mining transcriptomes of Podophyllum species and validated through qRT-PCR analysis vis-à-vis podophyllotoxin contents in different tissues/organs of Podophyllum hexandrum. A total of 82, 278, 70, and 90 transcripts were identified in shoots and 89, 273, 72, and 91 transcripts in rhizomes of P.

Molecular dissection of pathway components unravel atisine biosynthesis in a non-toxic Aconitum species, A. heterophyllum Wall.

Aconitum heterophyllum is an important component for various herbal drug formulations due to the occurrence of non-toxic aconites including marker compound, atisine. Despite huge pharmacological potential, the reprogramming of aconites production is limited due to lack of understanding on their biosynthesis. To address this problem, we have proposed here the complete atisine biosynthetic pathway for the first time connecting glycolysis, MVA/MEP, serine biosynthesis and diterpene biosynthetic pathways.