Detection of Esophageal Tuberculosis, a Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain, on F-FDG PET/CT.

The esophagus is rarely affected by A 75-y-old man presented with upper abdominal pain and significant weight loss for 2 mo. Contrast-enhanced CT, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and abdominal vessel angiography gave normal results. To clarify the facts, F-FDG PET/CT was performed, revealing an F-FDG-avid lesion in the posterior wall of the lower thoracic esophagus.

Extracranial Meningioma-Pelvic Bone on FDG PET/CT: A Rare of the Rarest Site.

Meningiomas are benign extra-axial tumors of the central nervous system. Extracranial meningiomas are extremely rare (2%) and can develop as a direct extension from a primary intracranial meningioma or as a true primary extracranial meningioma originating from ectopic arachnoid cells. We report an extremely unusual case of a 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed with pelvic meningioma with the help of PET/CT and PET/CT-guided biopsy.

PSMA Avidity in the Heterotropic Ossification-An Incidental Finding on PSMA PET/CT.

The upregulations of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) antigen are used for the presence of prostate cancer. However, published literature shows incidentally detected PSMA uptake in various nonprostatic benign and malignant conditions, which led to questioning the specificity of PSMA-targeted PET. In present case, we highlighted the abnormal PSMA expression in the benign bone abnormality.

Should fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography be the first-line imaging investigation for restaging the laryngeal carcinoma patients?

Posttreatment detection of residual/recurrence disease in the head and neck cancers is not an easy task. Treatment induces changes create difficulties in diagnosis on conventional imaging (computed tomography [CT], magnetic resonance imaging) as well as macroscopic inspection (direct laryngoscopy). Hence, we evaluate the diagnostic performance of contract-enhanced F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET)/CT in restaging of laryngeal carcinoma Postchemotherapy-surgery and/or radiation therapy.

Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma with Unusual Radioiodine-Refractory Breast Metastasis Mimicking Primary Breast Malignancy.

The breast is an unusual site for metastasis from malignant tumors, although it may be the first manifestation of an extramammary primary malignancy typically arising in the lung, skin (melanoma), ovary, or lymph nodes (lymphoma). Breast metastasis from thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare and may take years to develop, as differentiated thyroid carcinoma is usually indolent and slow-growing and metastasizes to the lymph nodes, lungs, and bones. Here, we present the case of a middle-aged woman (after subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular goiter 24 y previously) showing discordant F-FDG and iodine avidity in proven metastatic disease involving the lymph nodes, bones, spleen, and breast on whole-body I and F-FDG scans due to tumor heterogeneity.

Is F-18 FDG PET/computed tomography a useful tool to restage the patients with tongue carcinoma?

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced F-18 fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) in restaging of tongue carcinoma.

Material And Methods: Retrospectively analysis of carcinoma tongue patients (n = 110) who were treated and referred for FDG PET/CT. Histopathological examination and clinical or imaging follow-up were taken as gold standard.

Isolated Malignant Portal Vein Thrombus in Colon Carcinoma: A Rare Finding on F-FDG PET/CECT.

In the absence of hepatic metastasis in abdominal cancers, an isolated malignant portal vein thrombus is very rare. The presence of a malignant thrombus has clinical significance for determining the stage, treatment, and prognosis. F-FDG PET/CECT is a noninvasive modality for discriminating between malignant and benign thrombi.

Real Time F-18 FDG PET-CT-Guided Metabolic Biopsy Targeting Differential FDG Avidity in a Pulmonary Blastoma.

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is a rare thoracic malignancy and preoperative diagnosis is challenging. A young man presented with dyspnea and chest pain for 3-4 months and chest-computed tomography (CT) revealed large mass in the left lung upper lobe and pleural effusion. Repeated CT-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology from the lesion and pleural fluid aspiration was negative for malignancy.

Tuberculosis Presenting as Cutaneous Erythema Nodosum on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

The present article presented a 47-year-old woman with areas of nodular swelling and discoloration involving bilateral lower limbs since 12 months. Biopsy from skin lesions revealed erythema nodosum. As erythema nodosum can be secondary to multiple etiologies, whole-body F-FDG PET/CT was performed to assess the disease distribution and guide the site of biopsy.

Orbital Metastasis: Rare Initial Presentation of an Occult Gall Bladder Carcinoma.

Orbital metastases are known to arise from primary breast carcinoma followed by prostate, malignant melanoma, and lung carcinoma. We report a case of orbital metastasis as the initial presentation of an occult primary gall bladder carcinoma. The FDG PET/CT helped in localizing the occult distant primary site, which previously escaped detection, and also enabled the evaluation of orbital metastasis.

A rare adult renal neuroblastoma better imaged by F-FDG than by Ga-dotanoc in the PET/CT scan.

Primary renal neuroblastoma is an uncommon tumor in children and extremely rare in adults. We present a case of a middle aged female having a large retroperitoneal mass involving the right kidney with features of neuroblastoma on pre-operative histopathology. Whole-body fluorine-18-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) and Ga-dotanoc PET/CT scans performed for staging and therapeutic potential revealed a tracer avid mass replacing the right kidney and also pelvic lymph nodes.

18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Adrenal Cryptococcosis.

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection, relatively rare in the absence of impaired immunity. Lung or brain may be involved. Cryptococcal dissemination is rare in absence of impaired immunity, and documentation of alone adrenal involvement without central nervous system involvement is rare.

68Ga-PSMA Expression in Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia of the Breast.

Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen ligand PET-CT has emerged as a promising technique to evaluate the extent of disease in patients with prostate carcinoma. We are reporting a 63-year-old man with prostatic carcinoma subjected to Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen ligand PET-CT for initial staging. In addition to the radiotracer uptake in known primary site (prostate), focal increased radiotracer uptake was also noticed in the left breast.

Disseminated Skeletal Muscle and Cardiac Metastasis from Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Detected with FDG and FLT PET/CT.

Lung cancer is one of the leading cancers all over the world. Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (18F FDG) is useful for staging of the disease and decide the appropriate management. 3'-deoxy-3'-18 F-fluorothymidine (18F FLT) is a tracer being extensively evaluated currently and is said to represent tumor proliferation.

Unusual Presentation of Bladder Paraganglioma: Comparison of (131)I MIBG SPECT/CT and (68)Ga DOTANOC PET/CT.

Extraadrenal chromaffin cell-related tumors or paragangliomas are rare, especially in the bladder, accounting for less than 1% of cases. We report a 16-year-old boy who presented with hematuria and paroxysmal headache and was found to have a prostatic growth infiltrating the urinary bladder on anatomical imaging. Iodine-131 ((131)I) metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) whole-body scanning and subsequently gallium-68 ((68)Ga) DOTANOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) were performed.

Malignant Jugular Paraganglioma: Unusual Presentation on 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT.

Metastatic jugular paraganglioma are rare tumors and account for less than 1% of the cases of head and neck tumors. We report a 40-year-old woman of jugular paraganglioma, presenting with right-sided neck swelling, hearing loss, and pulsatile tinnitus. Contrast-enhanced CT temporal bone revealed a mass in the right jugular foramina and extending inferiorly to internal jugular vein.

Lung or liver: An imaging dilemma on Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin lung perfusion scintigraphy.

We present a 10-year-old boy having the bronchiectasis who was subjected to lung perfusion scintigraphy before lung resection surgery to assess the lung parenchymal function. It revealed unusual tracer distribution in right upper body that was mimicking to be liver. It was unusual unless there were some shunts bypassing the lung uptake or faulty radiopharmaceutical preparation.

Dual thyroid ectopia-role of thyroid scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography.

Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare developmental anomaly of the thyroid tissue where the thyroid gland is not located in its usual position. Dual thyroid ectopia is far rarer. This case of a 5-year-old euthyroid girl with thyroglossal cyst was planned for surgery.

Diagnostic dilemma of degenerative joint disease, chronic avascular necrosis or metastasis in planar Tc-99m-methylene diphosphonate planar skeletal scintigraphy excluded by single positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography.

We present a 71-year-old male patient subjected to skeletal scintigraphy for metastasis work up of prostate cancer. Whole body planar images revealed a solitary focal tracer uptake in left femoral head mimicking as solitary metastatic focus. Single positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography images localized this increased tracer uptake to the subchondral cysts with minimal sclerosis in left femur head with no decrease in size of femur head and was reported as (degenerative joint disease).

Vicarious liver visualization in solitary functioning kidney with technetium-99m ethylenedicysteine renal scintigraphy.

We present a case of 3-year-old boy who was incidentally diagnosed to have single left kidney on ultrasonography. Dynamic technetium-99m ethylenedicysteine renal scintigraphy was acquired for assessing the existing kidney function showed the tracer localization in bilateral renal fossae during the entire study. The single-photon emission computerized tomography/computerized tomography study revealed activity in the right renal fossa to be in the enlarged right lobe of the liver, which was mimicking as impaired functioning right kidney in planar images.

Multiple hepatic lesions in a case of isolated hepatic tuberculosis simulating metastases on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging.

Hepatic tuberculosis is an unusual form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and constitutes less than 1% of all cases of tuberculosis. Imaging studies for hepatic tuberculosis are nonspecific and mimic primary or metastatic carcinoma. Here we present ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT images of a 25-year-old male patient with isolated hepatic tuberculosis.