Understanding shoulder pseudoparalysis: Part I: Definition to diagnosis.

Variable definitions of pseudoparalysis have been used in the literature. Recent systematic reviews and biomechanical studies call for a grading of loss of force couple balance and the use of the terms 'pseudoparesis' and 'pseudoparalysis'. Pain should be excluded as the cause of loss of active function.

Understanding shoulder pseudoparalysis. Part II: Treatment.

Decision-making for the treatment of pseudoparalytic shoulders is complex and a high level of experience in shoulder surgery and outcome evaluation is required. Management and results depend on clinical findings, tear and tissue quality, patient and surgeon criteria. Clinical findings determine the exact definition and direction of pseudoparesis and pseudoparalysis.

Efficacy and safety of ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control on sitagliptin.

Aims: To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ipragliflozin 50 mg once daily added to sitagliptin 50 mg once daily monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: The results of two clinical trials are reported. In both trials, patients had glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of 7.

A randomized, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control on ipragliflozin.

Aims: To investigate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of sitagliptin 50 mg once daily added to ipragliflozin 50 mg once daily monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: Japanese patients with T2D and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0% to 10.

A randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding omarigliptin to insulin therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding the once-weekly oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor omarigliptin to treatment of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control on insulin monotherapy.

Materials And Methods: In a 52-week clinical trial, Japanese patients on insulin monotherapy were randomized to once-weekly omarigliptin 25 mg (N = 123) or placebo (N = 61) for a 16-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled period. After Week 16, patients continued or switched to omarigliptin for a 36-week open-label period.

Factors associated with the glucose-lowering efficacy of sitagliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Pooled analysis of Japanese clinical trials.

Aims/introduction: To explore the factors associated with the glucose-lowering efficacy of sitagliptin treatment in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of pooled data from seven sitagliptin phase II and III clinical studies carried out in Japan. All studies were double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group and of 12-week duration.

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Adding Omarigliptin to Antihyperglycemic Therapies in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Inadequate Glycemic Control.

Introduction: Daily dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are commonly used with other orally administered antihyperglycemic agents (AHA), as combination therapy, to treat Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. When combination therapy is indicated, use of a once-weekly (q.w.

A randomized, placebo- and sitagliptin-controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of omarigliptin, a once-weekly dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: To assess the safety and efficacy of omarigliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: In a 24-week double-blind trial, 414 patients with T2D were randomized to omarigliptin 25 mg once weekly, sitagliptin 50 mg once daily or placebo. The double-blind period was followed by a 28-week open-label extension during which all patients received omarigliptin 25 mg once weekly.

Day-of-Surgery Mobilization Reduces the Length of Stay After Elective Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: To determine the effect of mobilization on the day of surgery on the readiness for discharge and length of stay after elective total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: We devised a randomized control trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis. Overall, 126 patients who underwent THA and met the criteria for mobilization on the day of surgery were randomly allocated into 2 groups; the intervention group was mobilized on the day of surgery, n = 58 and the control group was mobilized on the day after surgery, n = 68.

Long-period ocean-bottom motions in the source areas of large subduction earthquakes.

Long-period ground motions in plain and basin areas on land can cause large-scale, severe damage to structures and buildings and have been widely investigated for disaster prevention and mitigation. However, such motions in ocean-bottom areas are poorly studied because of their relative insignificance in uninhabited areas and the lack of ocean-bottom strong-motion data. Here, we report on evidence for the development of long-period (10-20 s) motions using deep ocean-bottom data.

Sitagliptin added to voglibose monotherapy improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims/introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that frequently requires patients to use more than one oral antihyperglycemic agent to achieve adequate glycemic control. The present multicenter, randomized study assessed the efficacy and safety of the addition of sitagliptin to ongoing voglibose monotherapy (0.2-0.

Dose-ranging efficacy of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Sitagliptin is an oral, potent, highly selective, once-daily DPP-4 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To assess the dose-ranging efficacy and safety/tolerability profile of once-daily sitagliptin 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg in Japanese patients with T2DM. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 363 Japanese patients with inadequate glycemic control (HbA(1c)=6.

Valproic acid induces apoptosis dependent of Yca1p at concentrations that mildly affect the proliferation of yeast.

Valproic acid (VPA) inhibited the growth of yeast in a dose-dependent manner with complete inhibition attained at 100 mM. When cells were exposed to 25 mM VPA, the wild-type died showing apoptotic markers, while yca1Delta deleted of YCA1 encoding yeast caspase 1 survived. On the other hand, when cells were exposed to 50 mM VPA, both the wild-type and yca1Delta died showing morphological features similar to those of the autophagic death of cdc28 which was also independent of YCA1.