Exploration Of The Contralateral Groin In Paediatric Inguinal Hernia Or Hydrocele Based On Ultrasound Findings - Is It Justified?

Background: Routine exploration of contralateral side in cases of unilateral inguinal hernia or hydrocele is a highly debatable topic because of various reasons. The purpose of this study was to analyse whether the contralateral groin exploration in unilateral inguinal hernia/ hydrocele is justified or not, based on ultrasonographic measurements of the inguinal ring diameter.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at two naval hospitals, PNS Rahat and PNS Shifa in Karachi, Pakistan, from June 2007 to Aug 2012.

Comparison of perinatal outcome in growth restricted fetuses retaining normal umbilical artery Doppler flow to those with diminished end-diastolic flow.

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction /retardation (IUGR) is defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for a given gestational age. Placental insufficiency is the primary cause of intrauterine growth retardation in normally formed fetuses and can be identified using umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry which is a non-invasive technique. The objective of this study was to compare perinatal outcome in growth restricted fetuses retaining normal umbilical artery Doppler flow to those with diminished or severely reduced/absent end-diastolic flow.

Assessment of carotid artery intima media thickness in hypertensive patients compared with normotensives by B-mode ultrasonography.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Common carotid artery intima media thickness has recently generated considerable interest as a marker of atherosclerosis and in the prediction of clinical coronary events and coronary artery disease. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive technique of measuring carotid artery intima media thickness.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiologic entity. Neurotoxicity with characteristic watershed CT/MR imaging features characterize this condition. This case report describes PRES syndrome in a 35-year-old patient admitted with eclampsia.

Bronchial atresia with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.

Bronchial atresia and anomalous superior pulmonary venous return into the left brachiocephalic vein are unusual anomalies. We present a young asymptomatic man in whom these two distinct anomalies were co-existingly found on routine medical examination. Patient was diagnosed as a case of congenital bronchial atresia with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return based on the evidence of special features on X-ray chest film, characteristic contrast enhanced 16-slice CT chest findings, lack of symptoms and no change on fallow-up X-ray chest films.

Mucocele of the appendix: an unusual cause of disturbed bowel habits.

There are many causes of disturbed bowel habits. In this rare case of mucocele of appendix, patient presented with disturbed bowel habits of increased frequency, urgency and semisolid stool. Ultrasound of abdomen revealed fusiform cyst just below umbilicus.

Accuracy of multiphase helical tomography in detection and characterisation of suspected renal masses using histopathological findings as gold standard.

Background: The introduction of multiphase helical computed tomography has created many important advances in the detection and characterisation of renal masses. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the seventh most common cancer and makes up 80-85% of all primary renal cancer in adults. If it is found and treated early, the chances of survival from kidney cancer are high.

Estimation of foetal weight in third trimester using thigh measurements.

Background: Estimation of foetal weight is essential in daily obstetric practice particularly close to term. It guides clinicians to finalize important obstetrical decisions. Low birth weight and excessive foetal weight at delivery both are associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications during labour and the puerperium.

Postsurgical pneumoperitoneum - comparison of abdominal ultrasound findings with plain radiography.

Objective: To compare abdominal ultrasonography findings with plain radiography in the detection of postsurgical pneumoperitoneum.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, observational.

Place And Duration Of Study: Radiology Department, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from October, 2005 to April, 2006.