Risk factors for failure of enema reduction of intussusception in children.

Intussusception is a common surgical emergency in children. Clinical suspicion and radiological evaluation confirm the diagnosis of the disease. Enema reduction is the first line of management.

Multiple thoracic and abdominal foregut duplication cysts: A case report.

Background: Congenital enteric duplication cysts are tubular or cystic structures that normally lie alongside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Enteric duplication cysts are typically solitary lesions that occur anywhere near the GI tract from the neck to the rectum, but having multiple duplication cysts is rare, and presentation within the pancreas is extremely rare.

Case Summary: We herein demonstrate a case of esophageal, gastric, and gastric-type duplication cyst of the pancreas in a seventeen-month-old girl who presented with failure to thrive, abdominal pain, vomiting, hematemesis, and melena since the age of three months.

Magnet Ingestion in Children Management Guidelines and Prevention.

Foreign body ingestion is common in children, and most foreign bodies pass spontaneously without causing serious injuries. Ingestion of multiple high-power magnet pieces is unique and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. The longer the duration of ingestion, the increased likelihood of complications.

Resident satisfaction with the pediatric surgery training program.

Background: The pediatric surgery residency program is new in Saudi Arabia. As with any new program, residents experience a degree of fear and anxiety about their future in the program. The aim of this study is to examine residents' satisfaction with the program.

Portal gas in neonates; is it always surgical? A case report.

Background: Hepatic portal venous gas in infants is frequently due to late presentation of necrotizing enterocolitis which is considered a relative indicator for surgical intervention.

Case Summary: A preterm baby underwent an umbilical catheter placement and discovered in abdominal radiograph to have air in the portal venous system due to malpositioning of the umbilical catheter.

Conclusion: Hepatic portal venous gas in infants without signs of necrotizing enterocolitis could result from malposition of umbilical venous catheter, and in that case, should be managed medically, with no need for surgical intervention.

Hickman Central Venous Catheters in Children: Open Versus Percutaneous Technique.

Background: The ideal technique for insertion of tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) in children is still debatable. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of open versus percutaneous technique for the insertion of tunneled CVCs.

Methods: The study included 279 patients who had CVCs insertions from 2010 to 2020.

A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing the efficacy of polyethylene glycol versus polyethylene glycol combined with topical diltiazem for treating anal fissure in children.

Background: Anal fissure (AF) in children is usually treated with laxatives and/or topical agents such as calcium channel blockers. We hypothesize that owing to the superior efficacy of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in treating constipation in children, adding diltiazem (DTZ) might not improve healing of AF.

Methods: Children ≤14 years with anal fissure presented to the pediatric surgery clinic between November 2014 and March 2016 were recruited.

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic dilatation in the management of esophageal strictures in children.

Objectives: To determine the outcomes  of endoscopic dilatation of esophageal strictures in children.

Methods: Children younger than 18 years of age diagnosed with esophageal strictures over a period of 7 years (June 2010 to June 2017) were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. The study took place at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Electrosurgery use in circumcision in children: Is it safe?

Circumcision is one of the most common procedures performed worldwide. Bleeding is one of the most common complications following male circumcision, and to decrease the risk of bleeding, electrosurgery may be utilized. However, the use of diathermy on the penis is controversial, and there are reported complications due to the use of electrosurgery for circumcision.

Robot-assisted Heller's myotomy for achalasia in children.

Background: Achalasia is rare in children. Surgical options include open, laparoscopic and robotic approaches. However, Heller's myotomy remains the treatment of choice.

Assessment of implementability of an adapted clinical practice guideline for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis at a tertiary care university hospital.

Rationale, Aims And Objectives: Surgical site infections are the most common healthcare-associated infections. Appropriate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP), which is an integral part of surgical site infection SSI prevention, is one of the major preventable risks to surgical patient safety. Several clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for SAP have been published.

Recurrent pyloric stenosis.

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most commonly encountered surgical disease among pediatric patients. Incomplete pyloromyotomy is not uncommon complication of pyloromyotomy. However, recurrent pyloric stenosis is extremely rare.

Bedside Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Correction of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Is Repair without Compromise?

Objectives This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, safety, limitations, and outcomes of performing different surgical approaches and techniques for the bedside repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in critically ill patients who cannot be transferred to the operating room. Study Design Between December 1997 and July 2013, medical charts of all neonates operated on at the bedside for CDH while on high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and nitric oxide were reviewed. Demographic data; contributing antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors; clinical presentation; associated anomalies; respiratory and hemodynamic status; operative details; complications, and outcome were analyzed.

Esophageal foreign bodies in children: Emphasis on complicated cases.

Background: Esophageal foreign bodies (EFBs) are a relatively common clinical problem in pediatric patients. The majority of EFBs pass harmlessly through the gastrointestinal tract; however, some EFBs can cause significant morbidities. This study was conducted to review our experience in managing esophageal foreign bodies in pediatric patients, with an emphasis on the management and outcomes of complicated cases.

Does obesity impact the pattern and outcome of trauma in children?

Purpose/background: Childhood obesity is pandemic condition. The effect of obesity on trauma outcomes in children has been relatively understudied. We conducted this study to ascertain the effects of obesity on the hospital outcome of injured children.

Antibiotics administration before enema reduction of intussusception: is it necessary?

Background: Some centers advocate using antibiotics before enema reduction to prevent septic complications. Our objective was to determine whether using antibiotics before reduction provided any improvement in outcomes.

Methods: With institutional review board approval, patients from 2 centers were compared: 1 where antibiotics were administered, and one where they were not.

Congenital esophageal stenosis and antral web. A new association and management challenge.

Congenital esophageal stenosis is a rare condition that may be associated with other anomalies. Antral web is also a rare congenital condition. Association of both conditions is extremely rare.

Magnetic toy ingestion leading to jejunocecal fistula in a child.

The accidental ingestion of a foreign body is a common problem in children, but ingestion of magnets is rare. When multiple magnets are ingested, they may attract each other and cause pressure necrosis through the bowel walls and eventually lead to serious complications like obstruction, perforation, and fistula formation. We report a case of a 5-year-old girl with jejunocecal fistula following ingestion of 2 magnet toys; it highlights the diagnostic challenge and the need for early surgical intervention in children especially when multiple magnets are ingested.

Robot-assisted pediatric surgery: how far can we go?

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and feasibility of performing robot-assisted pediatric surgery using the da Vinci Surgical System in a variety of surgical procedures.

Methods: A retrospective review of 144 robot-assisted pediatric surgical procedures performed in our institution between June 2004 and December 2007 was done. The procedures included the following: 39 fundoplications; 34 cholecystectomies; 25 gastric bandings; 13 splenectomies; 4 anorectal pull-through operations for imperforate anus; 4 nephrectomies; 4 appendectomies; 4 sympathectomies; 3 choledochal cyst excisions with hepaticojejunostomies; 3 inguinal hernia repairs; two each of the following: liver cyst excision, repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Heller's myotomy, and ovarian cyst excision; and one each of the following: duodeno-duodenostomy, adrenalectomy, and hysterectomy.

Thoracoscopic division of vascular rings in infants and children.

Objective: Traditionally vascular rings in infants and children are treated through an open thoracotomy. Recently, thoracoscopic surgery has been used for these complex procedures. This study reports our early experience with thoracoscopic division of vascular rings and evaluates the efficacy and safety of this approach.