Nature-based remediation of mine tailings: Synergistic effects of narrow-leafed lupine and organo-mineral amendments on soil nutrient-acquiring enzymes and microbial activity.

Rising global metal demand has led to extensive mining, leaving post-mining landscapes with degraded soil and metal contamination. The exacerbated heavy metals concentrations deteriorate soil microbial activity and consequent microbial biomass, enzymatic activities, and organic matter are impaired. This study explores nature-based solutions, focusing on assisted natural remediation and organo-mineral amendments: marble waste (Mw), clay (Cy), and compost (Cp).