Pathologic and Short-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Prostate Cancer Patients Following Transvesical Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

Purpose: To study the pathologic and short-term oncological and survival outcomes following Transvesical Single-Port Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed on prospectively collected data on 169 patients with low and intermediate-risks prostate cancer, who either underwent Single-Port Transvesical or Multi-Port Transperitoneal Radical Prostatectomy by a single surgeon between 2015 and 2022. Preoperative clinicopathologic characteristics, as well as final histopathology outcomes, were compared.

Efficacy of BCG for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer following nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravesical (IVe) Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) to treat non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrences in patients who have previously undergone nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Methods: We performed a single institution retrospective review of patients who underwent nephroureterectomy for UTUC from 2009 to 2021. Patients who subsequently developed NMIBC treated with transurethral resection followed by IVe BCG were included in the study group.

Fully Automated Versions of Clinically Validated Nephrometry Scores Demonstrate Superior Predictive Utility versus Human Scores.

Objective: To automate the generation of three validated nephrometry scoring systems on preoperative computerised tomography (CT) scans by developing artificial intelligence (AI)-based image processing methods. Subsequently, we aimed to evaluate the ability of these scores to predict meaningful pathological and perioperative outcomes.

Patients And Methods: A total of 300 patients with preoperative CT with early arterial contrast phase were identified from a cohort of 544 consecutive patients undergoing surgical extirpation for suspected renal cancer.

MicroSegNet: A deep learning approach for prostate segmentation on micro-ultrasound images.

Micro-ultrasound (micro-US) is a novel 29-MHz ultrasound technique that provides 3-4 times higher resolution than traditional ultrasound, potentially enabling low-cost, accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer. Accurate prostate segmentation is crucial for prostate volume measurement, cancer diagnosis, prostate biopsy, and treatment planning. However, prostate segmentation on micro-US is challenging due to artifacts and indistinct borders between the prostate, bladder, and urethra in the midline.

Oncologic outcomes of intravesical therapy in the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer with variant histology.

Purpose: There is limited data on oncologic outcomes in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with variant histology (VH) managed with intravesical therapy. We sought to evaluate oncologic outcomes for this cohort at a high-volume center.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of an IRB-approved bladder cancer database was performed.

AI-generated R.E.N.A.L.+ Score Surpasses Human-generated Score in Predicting Renal Oncologic Outcomes.

Objective: To determine whether we can surpass the traditional R.E.N.

The Feasibility and Value of a Focal Therapy Multidisciplinary Tumor Board, Including Radiographic and Pathological Overreads in Refining the Selection for High Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Focal therapy for prostate cancer is increasingly recognized as an acceptable therapeutic option in well-selected men. A focal therapy multidisciplinary tumor board geared toward improving patient selection is a novel concept which has not been reported. We describe our institution's initial experience with a multidisciplinary tumor board for focal therapy and its outcomes in terms of patient selection.

Cell-by-cell quantification of the androgen receptor in benign and malignant prostate leads to a better understanding of changes linked to cancer initiation and progression.

The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and homeostasis of the prostate and is a key therapeutic target in prostate cancer (PCa). The gold standard therapy for advanced PCa is androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which targets androgen production and AR signaling. However, resistance to ADT develops via AR-dependent and AR-independent mechanisms.

Using IsoPSA With Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Score May Help Refine Biopsy Decision Making in Patients With Elevated PSA.

Objective: To assess how IsoPSA, a structure-based serum assay which has been prospectively validated in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), can help the biopsy decision process when combined with the prostate imaging reporting and data systems (PI-RADS).

Materials And Methods: This was a single-center retrospective review of prospectively collected data on patients receiving IsoPSA testing for elevated PSA (>4.0ng/mL).

Long-Term Renal Function Following Renal Cancer Surgery: Historical Perspectives, Current Status, and Future Considerations.

Knowledge of functional recovery after partial (PN) and radical nephrectomy for renal cancer has advanced considerably, with PN now established as the reference standard for most localized renal masses. However, it is still unclear whether PN provides an overall survival benefit in patients with a normal contralateral kidney. While early studies seemingly demonstrated the importance of minimizing warm-ischemia time during PN, multiple new investigations over the last 10 years have proven that parenchymal mass lost is the most important predictor of new baseline renal function.

The combination of prostate MRI PI-RADS scoring system and a genomic classifier is associated with pelvic lymph node metastasis at the time of radical prostatectomy.

Objective: Pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) portends an unfavorable prognosis in prostate cancer patients. Conventional and advanced imaging remains limited in its ability to detect PLNM. We sought to evaluate the combination of a genomic classifier Decipher with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores in improving the detection of PLNM.

Impact of Prostate Urethral Lift Device on Prostate Magnetic Resonance Image Quality.

Purpose: Prostatic urethral lift with UroLift is a minimally invasive approach to treat symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy. This device causes artifacts on prostate magnetic resonance images. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of artifact on prostate magnetic resonance image quality.

The role of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in the development of acute kidney injury following radical cystectomy.

Purpose: Recent reports have suggested that fluid restriction as part of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) pathways may increase the risk of AKI in radical cystectomy (RC) patients. We sought to evaluate the impact of ERAS initiation on AKI incidence at a high-volume tertiary care center.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of our IRB approved database to identify patients receiving RC from 2010 to 2019.

Optimizing prediction of new-baseline glomerular filtration rate after radical nephrectomy: are algorithms really necessary?

Introduction: Radical nephrectomy (RN) is an important consideration for the management of localized renal-cell-carcinoma (RCC) whenever the tumor appears aggressive, although reduced renal function is a concern. Split-renal-function (SRF) in the contralateral kidney and postoperative renal functional compensation (RFC) are fundamentally important for the accurate prediction of new baseline GFR (NBGFR) post-RN. SRF can be estimated either from nuclear renal scans (NRS) or from preoperative imaging using parenchymal-volume-analysis (PVA).

Comparing Pathologic and Survival Outcomes Between Primary and Secondary Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer When Treated by Radical Cystectomy With or Without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Objective: To compare pathologic and survival outcomes between primary muscle invasive (pMIBC) and secondary muscle invasive (sMIBC) bladder cancer patients who were treated with or without cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC).

Methods: We reviewed cT2-T4/N0 MIBC patients at our institution between 2010-2019. pMIBC was defined as presenting with > cT2 disease on initial or restaging TURBT with no prior history of bladder cancer.

Prevalence, Predictors, and Oncologic Outcomes of Pelvic Organ Involvement in Women Undergoing Radical Cystectomy.

Context.—: In women, radical cystectomy includes removal of the bladder, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and anterior vaginal wall, yet contiguous extension of urothelial carcinoma to all pelvic organs is rare and routine removal may be unnecessary.

Objective.

Elevated IsoPSA Selects for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Without a Preference for Any Particular Adverse Histopathologic or Radiographic Feature.

Objective: To explore if elevated IsoPSA selects for particular adverse radiographic or histopathologic features among men destined to undergo radical prostatectomy (RP) because of clinically significant prostate cancer identified at biopsy.

Materials And Methods: Single center, retrospective review of patients who had undergone IsoPSA testing, prostate biopsy and RP at our institution from 2019-2021. A consecutive cohort of patients whom had undergone RP within the same period without pre-operative IsoPSA served as controls.

Transcriptomic Features of Cribriform and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate.

Background: Cribriform (CF) and/or intraductal carcinoma (IDC) are associated with more aggressive prostate cancer (CaP) and worse outcomes.

Objective: The transcriptomic features that typify CF/IDC are not well described and the capacity for clinically utilized genomic classifiers to improve risk modeling for CF/IDC remains undefined.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We performed a retrospective review of CaP patients who had Decipher testing at a single high-volume institution.

Evaluation of patient compliance with the use of scrotal cooling devices.

Objective: To evaluate the compliance of infertile men with the use of scrotal cooling devices. As a secondary objective, sperm parameters, deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation, and hormone profiles were examined.

Design: This exploratory study on scrotal cooling provided scrotal cooling devices to men with primary infertility and abnormal semen parameters.

Population-based analysis of perioperative chemotherapy use, interventions requiring hospitalization and atheroembolic events among patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: Utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is increasingly recognized as standard of care but trends of use in Ontario remain unknown. Currently, there remains knowledge gaps regarding the effects of perioperative chemotherapy on the rates of interventions requiring hospitalization (IRH) and atheroembolic events (ATEs).

Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective study within the province of Ontario over 16 years.

Understanding how prostate cancer patients value the current treatment options for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer.

Unlabelled: Several new compounds are now available for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Individual costs range between $40,000 and $93,000 with mean survival extensions from 2.4 to 4.

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney.

Horseshoe kidney has an incidence rate ranging from 1 in 400 to 1 in 1000, with a 2:1 ratio in men. It also has a predilection for chromosomal aneuploidies. From a pathophysiology standpoint, this anomaly occurs during the second to sixth week of gestation when the inferior portion of the metanephric blastema fuses to form an isthmus, commonly in the lower renal pole (90%).