Expression of MDM2 mRNA, MDM2, P53 and P16 Proteins in Urothelial Lesions in the View of the WHO 4 Edition Guidelines as a Molecular Insight towards Personalized Medicine.

Aim: Here we imposed a multimarker molecular panel composed of P53, MDM2 protein & mRNA & P16 with the identification of sensitive and specific cut offs among the Egyptian urothelial carcinomas bilharzial or not emphasize the pathological and molecular classifications, pathways and prognosis as a privilege for adjuvant therapy.

Methods: Three hundred and ten urothelial lesions were pathologically evaluated and grouped as follows: 50 chronic cystitis as benign, 240 urothelial carcinomas and 20 normal bladder tissue as a control. Immunohistochemistry for MDM Protein, P16 & p53 and In Situ Hybridization for MDM2mRNA were done.

Expression of FGFR3 Protein and Gene Amplification in Urinary Bladder Lesions in Relation to Schistosomiasis.

Background: Bladder cancer represents the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and death. Incidence and mortality rates have remained relatively constant over the past four decades. Urothelial bladder cancers have identified multiple risk factors.

Clinical versus Pathologic staging of Renal Tumors: Role of Multi-Detector CT Urography.

Introduction: Our ability to diagnose renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has increased in the past 30 years as a result of the extensive application of imaging techniques, such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) remains the most appropriate imaging modality for the diagnosis and staging of RCC. The aim of this work was to compare the findings of MDCT with surgical pathology to determine the accuracy of delineating tumor size, localization, organ confinement, lymph node metastases, and the extent of tumor thrombus in the renal vein and inferior vena cava.

Single-step renal dilatation in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A prospective randomised study.

Objective: To perform an economical single-step renal dilatation (RD) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), using directly a 30-F Amplatz dilator over the central Alken dilator, in a trial to reduce the operative duration and radiation exposure during RD while avoiding an exchange of dilators that might increase the risk of blood loss.

Patients And Methods: In a prospective randomised study including 49 patients divided into two groups, the first had RD before PCNL using the standard metallic telescopic dilators (Alken), and the second had RD using the 30-F Amplatz dilator over the central Alken dilator. The operative duration, with X-ray exposure, was calculated.

Mistletoe Plant Extract in Patients with Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Results of a Phase Ib/IIa Single Group Dose Escalation Study.

Purpose: We determined the maximum tolerated dose, safety and effectiveness of intravesical instillation of mistletoe extract after transurethral resection of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: In this single group dose escalation study patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer were treated with weekly instillations of mistletoe extract for 6 weeks. Four weeks before instillation therapy all patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position: Safety and outcomes in a single-centre experience.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with the patient supine. Although PCNL with the patient prone is the standard technique for treating large (>2 cm) renal stones including staghorn stones, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of supine PCNL for managing large renal stones, with special attention to evaluating the complications.

Patients And Method: In a prospective study between January 2010 and December 2011, 54 patients with large and staghorn renal stones underwent cystoscopy with a ureteric catheter inserted, followed by puncture of the collecting system while they were supine.

Nuclear localization of COX-2 in relation to the expression of stemness markers in urinary bladder cancer.

Inflammation may activate stem cells via prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of stemness markers (Oct3/4 and CD44v6) and COX-2 in urinary bladder tissues obtained from cystitis and cancer patients with and without Schistosoma haematobium infections. Immunoreactivity to Oct3/4 was significantly higher in S.

Nitrative DNA damage and Oct3/4 expression in urinary bladder cancer with Schistosoma haematobium infection.

To investigate whether mutant stem cells participate in inflammation-related carcinogenesis, we performed immunohistochemical analysis to examine nitrative and oxidative DNA lesions (8-nitroguanine and 8-oxodG) and a stem cell marker Oct3/4 in bladder tissues obtained from cystitis and bladder cancer patients infected with Schistosomahaematobium (S. haematobium). We also detected the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which lead to 8-nitroguanine formation.

Molecular markers and bladder carcinoma: Schistosomal and non-schistosomal.

Objectives: Detection of telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) activity, the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), tumor suppressor gene (p53) and proliferating marker (MIB-1) in bladder specimens.

Design And Methods: Specimens were obtained from 85 patients and 10 controls. TRAP technique and immunohistochemistry (IHC) method were performed.

Possible role of telomerase and sFas in pathogenesis of various bladder lesions associated with schistosomiasis.

Objectives: To find the role of telomerase and sFas in the pathogenesis of various bladder lesions associated with schistosomiasis and to correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters.

Design And Methods: One hundred bladder samples were taken, including 65 cases with bladder cancer, 25 cases with chronic cystitis and 10 samples from normal bladder tissue as control. Telomerase activity was measured using TRAP and hTERT techniques.

Effectiveness of a single immediate mitomycin C instillation in patients with low risk superficial bladder cancer: short and long-term follow-up.

Purpose: We analyzed the impact of a single Mitomycin C instillation in patients with low risk superficial bladder cancer with short and long-term follow-up.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted on 63 patients with low risk superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), admitted to the Urology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) during the period from January 2002 to August 2005. All patients had a 2 cm.