Efficacy of Allopurinol in Improving Endothelial Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in various cardiovascular disorders as the initial pathology. Allopurinol has been shown to improve endothelial dysfunction in patients with gout, but its effect on cardiovascular patients is unclear.

Aims: We aim to assess allopurinol efficacy in improving endothelial dysfunction overall and in different disease states including but not limited to heart failure, chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease METHODS: We conducted a literature search of PubMed, Cochrane's Central Library, and Scopus until December 2022, including randomized controlled trials and double-arm observational studies.

Armatenols A-C, new antioxidant isoflavanols from .

Armatenols A-C (), new isoflavan-4-ols, have been isolated from the CHCl-soluble sub-fraction of Hemsl. & Lace, along with two known compounds namely 8-methoxyvestitol () and colutequinone (), reported for the first time from this species. Their structures have been elucidated through spectroscopic techniques including MS, IR, UV, CD, 1 D and 2 D NMR.

The Role of Psychiatric, Analgesic, and Antiepileptic Medications in Chronic Pruritus.

Chronic pruritus is a complex yet prevalent concern without a gold standard treatment. The mainstay therapy for chronic pruritus includes topical ointments such as corticosteroids, capsaicin, local anesthetics, antihistamines, and immunomodulators. There are many different subtypes of chronic pruritus, and each unique subtype may benefit from specialized treatments.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of Plant Extracts.

The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemicals using reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial activities of stem extracts. The extraction was carried out by conventional shaking process (CSP) and ultrasonic assisted process (UAP). The highest total phenolic contents (97.

Brahucins A and B, new triterpene lactones from .

Brahucins A () and B (), the new oleanane-type triterpene lactones, have been isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of Boiss, along with betulinic acid (), oleanolic acid (), 3--(-D-glucopyranosyl) oleanolic acid (), vanillic acid () and caffeic acid (), reported for the first time from this species. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic studies including MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR.

Amelioration of airway inflammation and pulmonary edema by Teucrium stocksianum via attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of AQP1 and AQP5.

Current study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of T. stocksianum using mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. The mice were treated with methanolic extract, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fractions for consecutive 7 days along with intranasal challenge.

Amelioration of allergic asthma by Ziziphora clinopodioides via upregulation of aquaporins and downregulation of IL4 and IL5.

Ziziphora clinopodioides has been frequently used as an anti asthmatic plant in traditional medication. Recent work explores the anti-asthmatic activity of Z. clinopodioides in allergen-induced asthmatic mice.

Citalopram-Associated Alopecia: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.

Background: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatments for various psychiatric disorders. SSRIs offer an improved side effect profile compared to older treatments, which improves patients' adherence and quality of life.

Case Report: Here we discuss a case of an uncommon, but a distressing side effect of citalopram.

Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of essential oils from different parts of Daphne mucronata Royle.

This research work was executed to determine chemical composition, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial potential of the essential oils extracted from the leaves and stem of Daphne mucronata Royle. From leaves and stem oils fifty-one different constituents were identified through GC/MS examination. The antioxidant potential evaluated through DPPH free radical scavenging activity and %-inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid system.

Ziziphora clinopodioides ameliorated rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory paw edema in different models of acute and chronic inflammation.

Ziziphora clinopodioides has been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. Current study is believed to first time report the potential of Z. clinopodioides extracts to ameliorate joint inflammation using model of chronic joint inflammation (FCA-induced rheumatoid arthritis).

CE-DAD Determination of Scutellarein and Caffeic Acid in Abelia triflora Crude Extract.

A precise, accurate, selective and sensitive capillary electrophoresis method using a diode array detector was developed for the first time for the determination of both scutellarein (SLN) and caffeic acid (CAA) in prepared Abelia triflora extract. Electrophoretic analysis was performed using a background electrolyte solution consisting of borax buffer (40 mM, pH 9.2) and a 200-nm detection wavelength.

Laceioside, a new cycloartane saponin from Astragalus tephrosioides Boiss. var. lacei (Ali) Kirchoff.

Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Astragalus tephrosioides Boiss. var. lacei (Ali) Kirchoff.

Psychosocial aspects of diabetes management: dilemma of diabetes distress.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a debilitating chronic illness with complex pathophysiological, psychological, and quality of life (QoL) implications creating a constant state of turbulence. Some of these interconnections are apparent to healthcare providers and are easily addressed in a routine diabetic clinical care. However, a large number of these hidden factors that interplay with each other and impact on the physical outcomes of DM goes unnoticed by health care providers.

Antihyperlipidemic effect of Pistacia khinjuk.

Background: Hyperlipidemia is a metabolic disorder that is caused by high levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in blood. Using of plants for the treatment of various ailments is a traditional practice in developing countries. The main objective of the study is to analyse the nutritional composition of Pistacia khinjuk and to assess its anti-hyperlipidemic activity.

New antimicrobial flavonoids and chalcone from Colutea armata.

Colucins A (1) and B (2), new flavonoids and colucone (3), the new chalcone derivative, have been isolated from the CHCl-soluble fraction of the whole plant of Colutea armata along with luteolin (4), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside (5), isoliquiritigenin (6), trans-caffeic acid (7) and stigmasterol (8) reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including MS and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive and three Gram negative bacterial strains while 3 was moderately active.

Eburneolins A and B, new withanolide glucosides from Tricholepis eburnea.

Eburneolins A (1) and B (2), new withanolide glucosides, have been isolated from the n-butanolic fraction of the 75% methanolic extract of aerial parts of Tricholepis eburnea. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis including ESI-MS, 2D NMR and acid hydrolysis.

Maternal depression is not just a problem early on.

Introduction: Little is known about the onset of depression beyond the first postpartum year. This study examines the onset and course of depression over an 18 month period among a socio-economically diverse, community-wide sample of women.

Materials & Methods: A prospective longitudinal telephone survey of 249 women was conducted at two weeks, two months, six months and 18 months after delivery.

Trichosides A and B, new withanolide glucosides from Tricholepis eburnea.

Trichosides A (1) and B (2), new withanolide glucosides, have been isolated from the n-butanolic fraction of the 75% methanolic extract of aerial parts of Tricholepis eburnea. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis including ESI-MS, 2D NMR and acid hydrolysis.

Bioactive triterpenoids from Atriplex lasiantha.

Chromatographic purification of the ethyl acetate soluble fraction from the methanolic extract of Atriplex lasiantha yielded a new triterpenoid, 7β,15α,16β-trihydroxyolean-12-ene-28,30-dioic acid-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (1), along with two known triterpenoids, rotundifolioside I (2) and corchorusin B (3). Structures of the compounds 1-3 were elucidated through sophisticated NMR studies and high resolution mass spectrometry. The three isolates (1-3) were evaluated for antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiurease activities.

Parvisides A and B, new glucosides from Galinsoga parviflora.

Phytochemical investigations of the n-butanol soluble sub-fraction of the methanolic extract of Galinsoga parviflora Cav. has led to the isolation of two new glucosides named as parvisides A (1) and B (2). Their structures have been assigned on the basis of their spectral analysis including 1D and 2D NMR techniques.

Compositional studies and Biological activities of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. oils.

Background: Current study has been designed to evaluate the chemical composition of essential and fixed oils from stem and leaves of Perovskia abrotanoides and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these oils.

Results: GC-MS analysis of essential oil identified 19 compounds with (E)-9-dodecenal being the major component in stem and hexadecanoic acid in leaves. In contrast, GC-MS analysis of fixed oil showed 40 constituents with α-amyrin the major component in stem and α-copaene in leaves.

Chemical analysis and calcium channel blocking activity of the essential oil of Perovskia abrotanoides.

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and provide a pharmacological base for the medicinal use of the essential oil of Perovskia abrotanoides (Pa.Oil) in gastrointestinal disorders, such as colic. The chemical investigation resulted in the identification of 26 compounds, of which tricyclene, beta-trans-ocimene, terpinene-4-acetate, terpinen-4-ol, caran-3beta-ol, linalyl acetate, beta-caryophyllene oxide and alpha-elemene had not previously been reported from P.

Absolute configuration of oplopanone derivatives from Serphidium stenocephalum: ECD spectra of acyclic ketones with front-octant contributions.

The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of two sesquiterpenoids (1 and 2) related to oplopanone, obtained from a methanolic extract of the plant Serphidium stenocephalum (Artemisia stenocephala), were measured and reproduced by means of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations, establishing their absolute configuration. The application of ketone octant rule for carbonyl n-π* ECD band to compounds 1 and 2, which include an acyclic carbonyl group, was critically assessed. The peculiar oplopanone skeleton makes a straightforward application of the octant rule impossible, because of the uncertainty related to the shape of the so-called third nodal surface separating front and back octants.