The continuous flow supercritical water (scHO) treatment of Birch wood (T=372-382 °C; t=0.3-0.7 s; p=260 bar) followed by alkali extraction of lignin allowed for the isolation of lignin and lignin carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) with a high number of β-O-4 moieties in the range 29-57/100 Ar (evaluated by quantitative C NMR analysis) in yields ranging between 13-19 wt % with respect to the initial wood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova
September 2024
The article discusses the historical aspect and modern ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with HIV infection. An analysis and synthesis of literature data on the clinical presentation of this pathology was carried out. The possibilities and limitations of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, including neuroimaging methods, are discussed in detail.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe spread of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium strains requires the development of new approaches to combat diseases caused by these pathogens. For that, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising approach. In this study, a tricarbocyanine (TCC) is used for the first time as a near-infrared (740 nm) activatable PDI photosensitizer to kill mycobacteria with deep light penetration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur recently reported AquaSolv Omni (AqSO) process shows great potential as a parameter-controlled type of biorefinery, which allows tuning of structure and properties of the products towards their optimal use in high-value applications. Herein, a comprehensive NMR (quantitative C, P, and 2D heteronuclear single-quantum coherence) structural characterization of AqSO lignins is reported. The effect of the process severity (P-factor) and liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) on the structure of the extracted lignins has been investigated and discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova
August 2022
Objective: To study the contribution of somatic and addiction diseases to the formation and course of acute cerebrovascular accidents in people with HIV infection.
Material And Methods: The study included 123 patients with HIV infection, aged 27 to 86 years, who were treated in the primary vascular departments of hospitals in the Tyumen region in the period from 2013 to 2019. The patients were divided into two groups corresponding to the typology of stroke.
A new promising drug candidate DD217 has been proposed recently as a potent anticoagulant acting on factor Xa (fXa) target. It exhibits the lowest concentration of doubling the prothrombin time among the known anticoagulants. In order to explain the efficacy of DD217 in terms of molecular interactions with its target we studied the hypothesis of the tight binding mechanism by means of molecular dynamics simulations and statistical analysis of the trajectory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate the effect of volatile anesthetics on the rates of postoperative myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac death after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).
Design: A post hoc analysis of a randomized trial.
Setting: Cardiac surgical operating rooms.
Introduction: The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) grafting surgery.
Methods: A total of 8,442 patients undergoing OPCAB from April 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 956 were eventually enrolled on this study based on our exclusion criteria.
The authors report the diagnosis and surgical treatment of 5 patients with dilated phase of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Features of these patients are progressive heart failure, double-level blood flow obstruction and the risk of apical aneurysms. Reconstructive remodeling surgery is a reasonable alternative to heart transplantation despite the existing risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite the introduction of direct oral anticoagulants, the search for new oral anticoagulants remains an urgent task.
Objective: By using docking and scoring, based on physical methods, simple chemical rules, methods of synthesis, and activity measurement, develop new low-molecular-weight inhibitors of factor Xa, which are potential anticoagulants.
Methods: The development of leads was based on chemical synthesis and structure-based drug design methods.
Khirurgiia (Mosk)
December 2020
Objective: To report a rare case of Down's syndrome with congenital acute leukemia and congenital heart disease.
Material And Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed an electronic database of patients aged 0-17 years who underwent inpatient treatment of congenital heart disease at the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery for the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018. Incidence of Down's syndrome in children with congenital heart defects was 5.
Objective: To compare the in-hospital outcomes of a right-sided anterolateral minithoracotomy with those of median sternotomy in patients who received a mitral valve replacement (MVR) because of rheumatic mitral valve stenosis (RMS).
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 128 patients (34% male) with RMS between 2011 and 2015. The median age was 53 years (45; 56).
In aortic valve disease cases, prosthetic valves have been used for valve replacement, however, these prostheses have inherent problems, and their quality in some countries is lower comparing to new-generation models, causing shorter durability. Aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo) has emerged as an option, which can be applied to a wide spectrum of these diseases. Despite the promising results, this procedure is not widely spread among cardiac surgeons yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThorac Cardiovasc Surg
December 2020
Objective: The main purpose of this article is to evaluate an impact of epicardial ligation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) on the development of ischemic stroke and mortality.
Methods: From 2009 to 2013, a total of 125 patients (86.4% men, mean age 64 ± 7 years, 95% confidence interval: 61-65 years) received a combined OPCAB and LAA ligation because of coronary artery disease and AF.
Background: Volatile (inhaled) anesthetic agents have cardioprotective effects, which might improve clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, multicenter, single-blind, controlled trial at 36 centers in 13 countries. Patients scheduled to undergo elective CABG were randomly assigned to an intraoperative anesthetic regimen that included a volatile anesthetic (desflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane) or to total intravenous anesthesia.
Described in the article is a clinical case report concerning symptomatic subocclusion of the internal carotid artery in a male patient with a rare variant of recurrent limb-shaking transitory ischaemic attacks (LS-TIA). The patient presented with a three-month history of episodes of involuntary jerky movements in his left hand. These episodes occurred invariably on assuming a vertical position.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotechnol Biofuels
September 2018
The complexity of lignin and hemicellulose segmentation has been known since the middle of the ninetieth century. Studies confirmed that all lignin units in coniferous species and 47-66% of lignin moieties in deciduous species are bound to hemicelluloses or cellulose molecules in lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC). Different types and proportions of lignin and polysaccharides present in biomass lead to the formation of LCC with a great variety of compositions and structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Drug Discov Technol
August 2019
Background: Factor Xa (FXa) is known to play a central role in blood coagulation cascade and considered to be one of the most attractive targets for oral anticoagulants of new generation.
Objective: Our approach for the development of directly acting oral anticoagulants (DOAC), FXa inhibitors was demonstrated in this work.
Method: Chemical synthesis is the base of our approach for the development of potential inhibitors.
Myocardial crypts were initially described in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Modern diagnostic data show that this structural abnormality can be found in patients with other diseases, or might represent the variant of normal heart development in healthy individuals. The prognostic significance of this finding is uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotechnol Biofuels
February 2017
Background: Hot water hydrolysis process is commercially applied for treating wood chips prior to pulping or wood pellet production, while it produces hydrolysis liquor as a by-product. Since the hydrolysis liquor is dilute, the production of value-added materials from it would be challenging.
Results: In this study, acidification was proposed as a viable method to extract (1) furfural and acetic acid from hot water hydrolysis liquor and (2) lignin compounds from the liquor.
Pocket hematoma (PH) is a common complication of implantations of cardiac electrophysiological devices with occurring at a particularly high rate in patients on oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet treatment. Different pharmacological agents with hemostatic effect are used to avoid PH. We supposed that the vasoconstrictor effects of epinephrine may reduce bleeding extent and be effective in prevention of PH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It is proved that levosimendan administration improves overall outcome and reduces mortality in high risk cardiac patients. However up to now there is no optimal scheme of its use in intraoperative settings.
The Aim: To compare two approaches of levosimendan administration in patients with left ventricle ejectionfraction less than 35% who underwent cardiac surgery.
World's first biography of Tarasov D.K. (1792-1866), honorary surgeon in ordinary to the king, prominent figure in Russian military medicine.
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