Modern combined approach to the surgical treatment of patients with post-traumatic tympanic membrane perforation due to blast injuries and eustachian tube dysfunction.

Objective: Aim: To improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment for patients with post-traumatic tympanic membrane perforations and concurrent Eustachian tube dysfunction through simultaneous combined surgical methods.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: We analyzed clinical and functional outcomes of 35 patients (mean age: 34 ± 10,5 years) with tympanic membrane perforations caused by acoustic and blast injuries. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group (n=17) underwent only tympanoplasty type 1, while the second group (n=18) underwent simultaneous septoplasty, inferior turbinectomy, and tympanoplasty with prolonged middle ear ventilation using a subanular Silverstein tube.

phage therapy candidates from Sphae: An automated toolkit for predicting sequencing data.

Motivation: Phage therapy is a viable alternative for treating bacterial infections amidst the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance. However, the therapeutic success of phage therapy depends on selecting safe and effective phage candidates. While experimental methods focus on isolating phages and determining their lifecycle and host range, comprehensive genomic screening is critical to identify markers that indicate potential risks, such as toxins, antimicrobial resistance, or temperate lifecycle traits.

Synergistic neurological threat from Сu and wood smoke particulate matter.

Trace metal Cu and carbonaceous airborn particulate matter (PM) are dangerous neuropollutants. Here, the ability of Cu to modulate the neurotoxicity caused by water-suspended wood smoke PM preparations (SPs) and vice versa was examined using presynaptic rat cortex nerve terminals. Interaction of Cu and SPs, changes of particle size and surface properties were shown in the presence of Cu using microscopy, DLS, and IR spectroscopy.

Butyric acid and prospects for creation of new medicines based on its derivatives: a literature review.

The widespread use of antimicrobials causes antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The use of butyric acid and its derivatives is an alternative tactic. This review summarizes the literature on the role of butyric acid in the body and provides further prospects for the clinical use of its derivatives and delivery methods to the animal body.

Multipollutant reciprocal neurological hazard from smoke particulate matter and heavy metals cadmium and lead in brain nerve terminals.

Heavy metals, Cd and Pb, and carbonaceous air pollution particulate matter are hazardous neurotoxicants. Here, a capability of water-suspended smoke particulate matter preparations obtained from poplar wood (WPs) and polypropylene fibers (medical facemasks) (MPs) to influence Cd/Pb-induced neurotoxicity, and vice versa, was monitored using biological system, i.e.

Disposable facemask waste combustion emits neuroactive smoke particulate matter.

Tremendous deposits of disposable medical facemask waste after the COVID-19 pandemic require improvement of waste management practice according to WHO report 2022, moreover facemasks are still in use around the world to protect against numerous airborne infections. Here, water-suspended smoke preparations from the combustion of disposable medical facemasks (polypropylene fibers) were collected; size, zeta potential, surface groups of smoke particulate matter were determined by dynamic light scattering, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, and their optical properties were characterized. Neurochemical study using nerve terminals isolated from rat cortex revealed a significant decrease in the initial rate of the uptake/accumulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, L-[C]glutamate and [H]GABA, and exocytotic release, and also an increase in the extracellular level of these neurotransmitters.

Variations of suspended particulate matter concentrations of the Mackenzie River plume (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean) over the last two decades.

This work addresses the last 20 years' evolution of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations in the Beaufort Sea (Canadian Arctic Ocean) directly influenced by the Mackenzie River discharge. The SPM variations in the coastal zone are highlighted and related to the freshwater and solid discharges of the river measured in situ at the Arctic Red River station (150 km upstream of the river delta). The correlation between the variations of the river discharge and SPM concentration within the surface layer of the coastal waters is obvious.

Effects of Bi-Sn-Pb Alloy and Ball-Milling Duration on the Reactivity of Magnesium-Aluminum Waste-Based Materials for Hydrogen Production.

In the present study, composite materials were elaborated of mixed scrap of Mg-based casting alloys and low melting point Bi-Sn-Pb alloy by high energy ball milling, and their reactivity in NaCl solution with hydrogen release was tested. The impacts of the additive content and ball milling duration on their microstructure and hydrogen generation performance were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed significant microstructural transformations of the particles during milling, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) proved the formation of new intermetallic phases MgBi, MgSn, and MgPb.

[The use of laser doppler flowmetry to assess the microcirculation of the kidney before and after percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

Aim: To evaluate intraoperative changes in renal microcirculation during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), as well as its dynamics in the early postoperative period.

Materials And Methods: A total of 240 patients treated in the Urology Clinic of the Saratov State Medical University in 2021-2022 were included in the study. All patients underwent PCNL.

[Dynamics of osteopontin in serum and urine in the early postoperative period after percutaneous nephrolitho- tomy].

Aim: To evaluate the dynamics of plasma and urine level of osteopontin in the early postoperative period after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients with pelvic stones.

Materials And Methods: A total of 110 patients with pelvic stones up to 20 mm in size without urinary tract obstruction were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups based on the results of intraoperative monitoring of intrarenal pressure.

Curcumin and Its Supramolecular Complex with Disodium Glycyrrhizinate as Potential Drugs for the Liver Fluke Infection Caused by .

Opisthorchiosis is a parasitic liver disease found in mammals that is widespread throughout the world and causes systemic inflammation. Praziquantel remains the drug of choice for the treatment of opisthorchiosis, despite its many adverse effects. An anthelmintic effect is attributed to the main curcuminoid of L.

Enhanced Hydrogen Generation from Magnesium-Aluminum Scrap Ball Milled with Low Melting Point Solder Alloy.

In this investigation, composite materials were manufactured of mixed scrap of Mg-based alloys and low melting point Sn-Pb eutectic by high energy ball milling, and their hydrogen generation performance was tested in NaCl solution. The effects of the ball milling duration and additive content on their microstructure and reactivity were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated notable structural transformations of the particles during ball milling, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) proved the formation of new intermetallic phases MgSn and MgPb, which were aimed to augment galvanic corrosion of the base metal.

Locus-Specific Bisulfate NGS Sequencing of GSTP1, RNF219, and KIAA1539 Genes in the Total Pool of Cell-Free and Cell-Surface-Bound DNA in Prostate Cancer: A Novel Approach for Prostate Cancer Diagnostics.

The locus-specific methylation of three genes (GSTP1, RNF219, and KIAA1539, also known as FAM214B) in the total pool of blood cell-free DNA, including cell-free DNA from plasma and cell-surface-bound DNA, of patients with prostate cancer and healthy donors was studied on the MiSeq platform. Our study found a higher methylation index of loci for total cell-free DNA compared with cell-free DNA. For total cell-free DNA, the methylation of GSTP1 in each of the 11 positions provided a complete separation of cancer patients from healthy donors, whereas for cell-free DNA, there were no positions in the three genes allowing for such separation.

Wound healing approach based on excretory-secretory product and lysate of liver flukes.

Exogenous bioactive peptides are considered promising for the wound healing therapy in humans. In this regard, parasitic trematodes proteins may potentially become a new perspective agents. Foodborne trematode Opisthorchis felineus is widespread in Europe and has the ability to stimulate proliferation of bile duct epithelium.

The Phase Modulating Micro-Mover Based on the MHD/MET System in the Reference Arm of the Scanning Interferometer.

The possibility of using a magnetohydrodynamic drive (MHD) and amolecular-electronic transfer (MET) sensor as a single device for moving and precise control of the displacement of a movable mirror, which is part of a scanning interferometer, is considered. A prototype of such a device was developed and experimentally studied. A digital holographic image of the test object was obtained using an optical scheme containing a scanning interferometer with an MHD drive.

Determination of the Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on the Heart Rate Variability Using a Machine Learning Pipeline.

Background: We are all aware of day-to-day healthy stress, but, when sustained for long periods, stress is believed to lead to serious physical and mental health issues.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we investigated the potential effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on stress processing as reflected in the electrocardiogram (ECG)-derived biomarkers of stress adaptability. Stress reflecting biomarkers included a range of heart rate variability metrics: standard deviation of N-N intervals (SDNN), root mean squared of successive differences in heartbeat intervals (RMSSD), low-frequency component, high-frequency component and their ratio (LF, HF, and LF/HF).

Volatile versus Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Analysis of 1586 MYRIAD Trial Patients Managed with the Same Perioperative Protocol.

Background: This study investigated the influence of volatile anesthesia (VA) on major complications and mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

Methods: This post-hoc analysis included 1586 patients from the MYRIAD trial managed using the same perioperative protocol at a single institution. Patients were randomized to receive either volatile anesthesia (sevoflurane, isoflurane, or desflurane) or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA).

Neuromodulation by selective angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitors.

Here, neuromodulatory effects of selective angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitors were investigated. Two different types of small molecule ligands for ACE2 inhibition were selected using chemical genetic approach, they were synthesized using developed chemical method and tested using presynaptic rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). EBC-36032 (1 µM) increased in a dose-dependent manner spontaneous and stimulated ROS generation in nerve terminals that was of non-mitochondrial origin.

[Molecular genetic predictors of the development of urolithiasis].

Urolithiasis is one of the most urgent problems of clinical urology. Currently, there is no consensus on the causes of stone formation, as well as the role of various factors in the development of urolithiasis, however, increasingly, according to various studies, the leading role is given to genetic causes. The article presents a modern review of data on genetic polymorphisms associated with ICD: rs1801197 and rs6776158 of the CASR gene; TaqI of the VDR gene; rs1801197 of the CALCR gene, rs3752472, rs650439, rs2853744 of the Klotho gene.

Selection of reference genes for quantitative analysis of microRNA expression in three different types of cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers in cancer research. Quantitative PCR (qPCR), also known as real-time PCR, is the most frequently used technique for measuring miRNA expression levels. The use of this technique, however, requires that expression data be normalized against reference genes.

A comparative study of wood sawdust and plastic smoke particulate matter with a focus on spectroscopic, fluorescent, oxidative, and neuroactive properties.

Here, water-suspended smoke aerosol preparation was synthesized from biomass-based fuel, i.e., a widespread product for residential heating, wood sawdust (WP) (pine, poplar, and birch mixture), and its properties were compared in parallel experiments with the smoke preparation from plastics (PP).

Locus-Specific Methylation of GSTP1, RNF219, and KIAA1539 Genes with Single Molecule Resolution in Cell-Free DNA from Healthy Donors and Prostate Tumor Patients: Application in Diagnostics.

The locus-specific methylation of three genes (GSTP1, RNF219, and KIAA1539 (also known as FAM214B)) in the blood plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of 20 patients with prostate cancer (PCa), 18 healthy donors (HDs), and 17 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was studied via the MiSeq platform. The methylation status of two CpGs within the same loci were used as the diagnostic feature for discriminating the patient groups. Many variables had good diagnostic characteristics, e.