Diagnostic performance of neuroimaging in suspected idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

The diagnostic utility of neuroradiologic signs associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) for the evaluation of patients presenting with papilloedema remains yet to be elucidated. This multicentre retrospective cohort study assessed consecutive patients presenting with suspected papilloedema to Auckland District Health Board (NZ) and Stanford University Medical Centre (US), between 2005 and 2019, undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and venography (MRI/MRV) or computed tomography and venography (CT/CTV) prior to lumbar puncture assessment for diagnostic suspicion of IIH. Data were collected regarding demographic, clinical, radiologic, and lumbar puncture parameters, and the diagnosis of IIH was determined according to the Friedman criteria for primary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome.

Long term outcomes of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Observational study and literature review.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is an unexplained increase in intracranial pressure often associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective observational study of the long term clinical, visual, and treatment outcomes in IIH patients.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of patients diagnosed with IIH over a 12-year period at a single centre was completed via database review.

Cicatricial ectropion surgery: a prospective study of long-term symptom control, patient satisfaction and anatomical success.

Importance: Cicatricial ectropion repair is effective and has a low complication rate.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness and long-term functional outcomes of surgical repair of lower lid cicatricial ectropion.

Design: Prospective consecutive case series.

Optical coherence tomography predicts visual outcome for pituitary tumors.

We evaluate if the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and visual outcome continued over long-term visual recovery in 107 patients undergoing pituitary decompression. Recently, it has been recognized that OCT of the RNFL has prognostic value in predicting visual outcomes after surgery for chiasmal compression caused by pituitary tumours. Patients were followed up at three time points: pre-operative (visit 1), 6-10 weeks post-operative (visit 2) and 9-15 months follow-up (visit 3).

Macular thickness predictive of visual field sensitivity in ischaemic optic neuropathy.

Purpose: To investigate the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters of macular thickness (MT) and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness to differentiate eyes with nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) from uninvolved eyes and to identify the relationship between macular and RNFL parameters and visual field sensitivity (VFS).

Methods: Thirty patients with unilateral NAION participated in a prospective observational cross-sectional study. Patients underwent Humphrey visual field (SITA Standard 24-2, HVF) testing and OCT to measure MT and RNFL.

Optic nerve atrophy in adrenoleukodystrophy detectable by optic coherence tomography.

The adrenoleukodystrophies (ALDs) are a group of metabolic disorders characterised by the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids in all tissues. The two most frequent ALD phenotypes are adult-onset adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) and childhood cerebral ALD. Visual system involvement in the adult phenotype is well described as impairment of visual function and optic disc pallor on clinical examination accompanied by demyelination of the optic nerves seen on MRI.

Medically controlled glaucoma patients show greater increase in intraocular pressure than surgically controlled patients with the water drinking test.

Purpose: To evaluate whether patients who have undergone trabeculectomy with mitomycin C have a different intraocular pressure (IOP) response profile after the water drinking test (WDT) from that of patients who are medically managed with a similar baseline IOP and level of visual field (VF) damage.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Participants: Thirty glaucoma patients with IOP controlled by trabeculectomy and 30 with medically treated glaucoma matched for level of VF damage and IOP at baseline (7-14 mmHg).

In vivo retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography predicts visual recovery after surgery for parachiasmal tumors.

Purpose: Restoration of visual function after neurosurgery for parachiasmal tumors is variable and unpredictable. The current study was conducted to determine whether in vivo retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements predict the visual recovery of such patients.

Methods: Forty patients undergoing surgical resection of parachiasmal lesions were prospectively assessed before surgery with a neuro-ophthalmic examination, involving standard automated visual field (VF) testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of RNFL thickness, which was the prespecified marker for axonal loss.

Brightness sensitivity and color perception as predictors of relative afferent pupillary defect.

Purpose: To characterize the relationship between brightness sensitivity and color perception and relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) in patients with optic neuropathy.

Methods: The "swinging flashlight test" was used to diagnose RAPD, the degree of which was quantified by neutral density filters, in 325 consecutive patients in a case-control study. A separate examiner, masked to the pupillary findings, then assessed participants for Ishihara color plate reading, brightness sense, and red perception.

Regional correlation of structure and function in glaucoma, using the Disc Damage Likelihood Scale, Heidelberg Retina Tomograph, and visual fields.

Purpose: To evaluate relationships between the Disc Damage Likelihood Scale (DDLS), global and sectoral structural parameters provided by the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT), and global and regional functional loss in visual field (VF) testing.

Design: Consecutive observational case series.

Participants: One hundred ten eyes from 110 patients categorized as glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, or normal.