Detection of (reversible) myocardial ischemic injury by means of electrical bioimpedance.

The scope of this paper was to determine whether ischemic and reperfusion damage in cardiac surgery can be detected by measurement of electrical bioimpedance (EBI). Conventional pacing wires were replaced by pacing wires with sputtered iridium coating in order to reduce polarization associated with two-electrode impedance measurements. A custom-built bioimpedance analyzer (Osypka Medical GmbH, Berlin, Germany) measured the real part of impedance Re(Z) and the phase (ϕ) at three frequencies (1, 10, and 1000 kHz) and determined an extracellular space index (EZRI) as the quotient of Re(Z) at 1000 kHz and Re(Z) at 1 kHz.

Effect of lower body negative pressure and gravity on regional lung ventilation determined by EIT.

The aim of our study was to check the effect of varying blood volume in the chest and gravity on the distribution of ventilation and aeration in the lungs. The change in intrathoracic blood volume was elicited by application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) of -50 cmH2O. The variation of gravity in terms of hypogravity (approximately 0g) and hypergravity (approximately 2g) was induced by changes in vertical acceleration achieved during parabolic flights.

Distribution of ventilation in young and elderly adults determined by electrical impedance tomography.

To determine the effect of age and posture on regional lung ventilation, eight young (26 +/- 1 years, mean +/- S.D.) and eight old (73 +/- 5 years) healthy men were studied by electrical impedance tomography in four body positions (sitting, supine, right and left lateral).

Electrical impedance tomography: a method for monitoring regional lung aeration and tidal volume distribution?

Objective: To demonstrate the monitoring capacity of modern electrical impedance tomography (EIT) as an indicator of regional lung aeration and tidal volume distribution.

Design And Setting: Short-term ventilation experiment in an animal research laboratory.

Patients And Participants: One newborn piglet (body weight: 2 kg).

Regional ventilation by electrical impedance tomography: a comparison with ventilation scintigraphy in pigs.

Study Objective: The validation of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for measuring regional ventilation distribution by comparing it with single photon emission CT (SPECT) scanning.

Design: Randomized, prospective animal study.

Settings: Animal laboratories and nuclear medicine laboratories at a university hospital.

Distribution of lung ventilation in spontaneously breathing neonates lying in different body positions.

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the effect of the irregular spontaneous breathing pattern and posture on the spatial distribution of ventilation in neonates free from respiratory disease by the non-invasive imaging method of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Scanning of spontaneously breathing neonates is the prerequisite for later routine application of EIT in babies with lung pathology undergoing ventilator therapy.

Design: Prospective study.

Detection of local lung air content by electrical impedance tomography compared with electron beam CT.

The aim of the study was to validate the ability of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to detect local changes in air content, resulting from modified ventilator settings, by comparing EIT findings with electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) scans obtained under identical steady-state conditions. The experiments were carried out on six anesthetized supine pigs ventilated with five tidal volumes (VT) at three positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels. The lung air content changes were determined both by EIT (Goe-MF1 system) and EBCT (Imatron C-150XP scanner) in six regions of interest, located in the ventral, middle, and dorsal areas of each lung, with respect to the reference air content at the lowest VT and PEEP, as a change in either local electrical impedance or lung tissue density.