The Prevalence of Sexual Misconduct in US Medical Education: Examining the Intersecting Vulnerabilities of Gender and Sexual Orientation.

This study explores the prevalence, characteristics, and correlates of sexual harassment and nonconsensual sexual contact among medical students in the United States (US). The study aims to understand the association between gender, sexual orientation, and these incidents within the context of undergraduate medical education in the US. Employing a cross-sectional approach, this study collected primary data from 23,124 medical students across various US allopathic and osteopathic medical schools.

Postoperative Pneumolabyrinth Following the Middle Cranial Fossa Approach for Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Repair, 2014-2020.

Objective: The present study investigates risk factors and clinical outcomes of postoperative pneumolabyrinth following the middle cranial fossa approach for superior semicircular canal dehiscence repair, a complication that has not been documented previously.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary/quaternary care referral center.

Classifier Fusion for Detection of COVID-19 from CT Scans.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. COVID-19 is found to be the most infectious disease in last few decades. This disease has infected millions of people worldwide.

Automated Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Deep Features and Parameter Free BAT Optimization.

Accurate and fast diagnosis of COVID-19 is very important to manage the medical conditions of affected persons. The task is challenging owing to shortage and ineffectiveness of clinical testing kits. However, the existing problems can be improved by employing computational intelligent techniques on radiological images like CT-Scans (Computed Tomography) of lungs.

Artificial Intelligence in Epilepsy.

Background: The study of seizure patterns in electroencephalography (EEG) requires several years of intensive training. In addition, inadequate training and human error may lead to misinterpretation and incorrect diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated seizure detection systems hold an exciting potential to create paradigms for proper diagnosis and interpretation.

Does Presence of role Models at Undergraduate Training Level Impact the Choice of Specialization as Maxillofacial Surgery for Young Women Dental Graduates?: Qualitative Study and Review Of Literature.

Introduction: Even though dentistry is becoming a women-dominated profession, this is not translating into the choosing oral and maxillofacial surgery as a specialization. Hence, this study was undertaken to analyse factors impacting the choice of specialization and what impact does presence of role models as an intervention have on the attitudes of these young women on their overall career choice decisions.

Purpose: This qualitative study was undertaken with the aim of understanding and analyzing the impact of role models on the overall shift in attitude of young women graduate students towards oral and maxillofacial surgery as a specialty.

Analysis of temporal bone thickness outside of the petrous temporal bone between superior semicircular canal dehiscence and normal patients.

Background: SSCD is a rare inner ear disorder. This study aims to compare the thickness of the temporal bone beyond the petrous portion between healthy subjects and those with SSCD to determine whether the etiopathology of SSCD is localized to the petrous temporal bone or generalized to other parts of the temporal bone.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of electronic medical records from September 2011 to February 2018 was conducted at a single-institution study at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Concurrent superior semicircular canal dehiscence and endolymphatic hydrops: A novel case series.

Introduction: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is characterized by CT-confirmed bony erosion over the superior semicircular canal, creating vestibular and auditory symptoms. Endolymphatic hydrops (EH) is characterized by an MRI-confirmed excess of endolymph within the scala media that distorts the membranous labyrinth. While there is overlap in symptoms, the two diseases result from different pathophysiologies and require different interventions.

"Too much information with little meaning," relevance of preoperative laboratory testing in elective oral and maxillofacial surgeries: A systematic integrative review.

Aim: In the recent times due to accessibility of tools and advent of technology advising battery of laboratory tests prior to any electeve surgical procedure has become a norm. This review aims at investigating relevance of such tests in healthy patients undergoing routine elective oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures.

Methods: Various search engines were thoroughly searched to identify relevant literature.

Prevalence of foot problems and its related associations in Intellectually Disable (Special Olympic) Indian population.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of foot problems and its related associations in different regions across India among people with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) stratified by age and gender.

Method: A survey was done among a randomly chosen sample of 1517 Indian inhabitants (8-50 years of age) residing in different regions of the country under the drive named Healthy Athlete (HA) Fit Feet Screening Program of Special Olympics Bharat. Chi-Square test is used to draw an inference of prevalence of different foot conditions among the population from different age groups and from different genders.

Thinning or dehiscence of bone in structures of the middle cranial fossa floor in superior semicircular canal dehiscence.

Background: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is a rare inner ear disorder; currently, it is unknown whether the etiopathology underlying this structural irregularity affects neighboring structures. The goal is to investigate the prevalence of bone thinning in areas of the middle cranial fossa (MCF) floor in SSCD and non-SSCD patients.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 100 patients from March 2011 to June 2017 at a tertiary referral center.

Increased cochlear radiation dose predicts delayed hearing loss following both stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for vestibular schwannoma.

Purpose: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) are noninvasive therapies for vestibular schwannomas providing excellent tumor control. However, delayed hearing loss after radiation therapy remains an issue. One potential target to for improving hearing rates is limiting radiation exposure to the cochlea.

CT evaluation of normal bone thickness overlying the superior semicircular canal.

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is a rare inner ear disorder with variable amounts of auditory and vestibular dysfunction. In addition to the absence of bone overlying the superior semicircular canal, thinning of bone in this area can also initiate the vestibulocochlear symptoms of SSCD. We evaluated normal bone thickness overlying the course of the semicircular canal using computed tomography (CT) scans and assessed correlations between bone thickness and age, gender, and location of the thinnest bone.

A Woman Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon of India: Is She Satisfied with Her Career Choice?

Just as other surgical fields, maxillofacial surgery also was considered a male-dominated field since long. In the recent past, though, we are witnessing change in this trend. Dentistry in general, and maxillofacial surgery in particular, is seeing a large number of women choosing it as their career option, more so in the last decade and a half.

Evaluation of the Flexural Strength of Submicron Hybrid Composite using Different Fabrication Methods: An in vitro Study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to perform three-point bend test on submicron hybrid composite fabricated with direct and indirect veneer technique.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 maxillary anterior teeth were selected, and labial reduction of 0.5 to 0.

A novel fully automatic multilevel thresholding technique based on optimized intuitionistic fuzzy sets and tsallis entropy for MR brain tumor image segmentation.

In the present paper, a hybrid multilevel thresholding technique that combines intuitionistic fuzzy sets and tsallis entropy has been proposed for the automatic delineation of the tumor from magnetic resonance images having vague boundaries and poor contrast. This novel technique takes into account both the image histogram and the uncertainty information for the computation of multiple thresholds. The benefit of the methodology is that it provides fast and improved segmentation for the complex tumorous images with imprecise gray levels.

Factors Influencing Treatment Plan and Post Operative Compliance in TMJ Ankylosis Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Long Term Post Surgical Evaluation.

Background And Objective: Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is a clinical entity significant for a maxillofacial surgeon. Since time immemorial humanity is battling with this condition which is not just disfiguring the normal anatomy of the face but severely hampers the function of mastication. In this study we have tried to evaluate and correlate various factors leading to causation of ankylosis of TM Joint along with clinical manifestation and treatment planning as well as outcomes.

Molecular diversity of entodiniomorphid ciliate Troglodytella abrassarti and its coevolution with chimpanzees.

The entodiniomorphid ciliate Troglodytella abrassarti is a colonic mutualist of great apes. Its host specificity makes it a suitable model for studies of primate evolution. We explored molecular diversity of T.

Campylobacter troglodytis sp. nov., isolated from feces of human-habituated wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in Tanzania.

The transmission of simian immunodeficiency and Ebola viruses to humans in recent years has heightened awareness of the public health significance of zoonotic diseases of primate origin, particularly from chimpanzees. In this study, we analyzed 71 fecal samples collected from 2 different wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) populations with different histories in relation to their proximity to humans. Campylobacter spp.

Identification of adenoviruses in fecal specimens from wild chimpanzees (Pan trogylodytes schweinfurthii) in western Tanzania.

DNA of two distinctive adenoviruses was detected in wild chimpanzees in western Tanzania that showed clinical signs of acute, upper respiratory disease, notably coughing. The amplified sequences from part of the capsid hexon gene suggests that one virus is a novel adenovirus serotype candidate and the other virus is a species C adenovirus most closely related to recent isolates from captive chimpanzees in the United States, Simian AdV 37 with 86% nucleic acid identity and Simian AdV 40 with 95% nucleic acid identity, respectively. The species C adenovirus sequences suggest possible recombination with a human adenovirus.

Fecal bacterial diversity of human-habituated wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Mahale Mountains National Park, Western Tanzania.

Although the intestinal flora of chimpanzees has not been studied, insight into this dynamic environment can be obtained through studies on their feces. We analyzed fecal samples from human-habituated, wild chimpanzees at Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania, and compared microbial community profiles to determine if members of the same social group were similar. Between July and December 2007, we collected fresh fecal samples from 12 individuals: four juveniles, four adolescents, and four adults, including three parent-offspring pairs.

Gastrointestinal parasites of the chimpanzee population introduced onto Rubondo Island National Park, Tanzania.

The release of any species into a novel environment can evoke transmission of parasites that do not normally parasitize the host as well as potentially introducing new parasites into the environment. Species introductions potentially incur such risks, yet little is currently known about the parasite fauna of introduced primate species over the long term. We describe the results of long-term monitoring of the intestinal parasite fauna of an unprovisioned, reproducing population of chimpanzees introduced 40 years earlier (1966-1969) onto Rubondo Island in Lake Victoria, Tanzania, a non-native habitat for chimpanzees.

Prevalence of Troglodytella abrassarti Brumpt and Joyeux, 1912 in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Mahale Mountains National Park in Western Tanzania.

We examined stool samples for trophozoites of the entodiniomorphid ciliate Troglodytella abrassarti Brumpt and Joyeux, 1912, from a habituated group of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Mahale Mountains National Park in western Tanzania. In our study, fresh fecal samples from identified individuals were collected immediately after defecation and fixed in 10% formalin. In total, 52 samples from 38 chimpanzees (61% of 62 chimpanzees in the group) were examined using a direct smear method.

Descriptive epidemiology of fatal respiratory outbreaks and detection of a human-related metapneumovirus in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Mahale Mountains National Park, Western Tanzania.

Over the past several years, acute and fatal respiratory illnesses have occurred in the habituated group of wild chimpanzees at the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Common respiratory viruses, such as measles and influenza, have been considered possible causative agents; however, neither of these viruses had been detected. During the fatal respiratory illnesses in 2003, 2005 and 2006, regular observations on affected individuals were recorded.