Mental health conditions, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life in adults with a skeletal dysplasia: a cross-sectional multinational study.

Background: This cross-sectional study investigated mental health conditions, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adults with short-statured skeletal dysplasia conditions across three centres; in New York, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Norway.

Methods: Questionnaires were sent to patients registered at the centres or distributed to adults attending clinics. The questionnaires included demographics, medical history, depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), pain catastrophizing, activities of daily living (HAQ), and HRQOL (SF 36/RAND-36 and PROMIS-29).

Lexical access speed and the development of phonological recoding during immediate serial recall.

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall (Elliott et al., 2021) revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought (Flavell et al., 1966), but did not identify sources of individual differences.

Evidence for widespread alterations in cortical microstructure after 32 h of sleep deprivation.

Cortical microstructure is influenced by circadian rhythm and sleep deprivation, yet the precise underpinnings of these effects remain unclear. The ratio between T-weighted and T-weighted magnetic resonance images (Tw/Tw ratio) has been linked to myelin levels and dendrite density and may offer novel insight into the intracortical microstructure of the sleep deprived brain. Here, we examined intracortical Tw/Tw ratio in 41 healthy young adults (26 women) before and after 32 h of either sleep deprivation (n = 18) or a normal sleep-wake cycle (n = 23).

Sleep and sleep deprivation differentially alter white matter microstructure: A mixed model design utilising advanced diffusion modelling.

Sleep deprivation influences several critical functions, yet how it affects human brain white matter (WM) is not well understood. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of 32 hours of sleep deprivation on WM microstructure compared to changes observed in a normal sleep-wake cycle (SWC). To this end, we utilised diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) including the diffusion tensor model, diffusion kurtosis imaging and the spherical mean technique, a novel biophysical diffusion model.