Half-lives of several polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in cattle serum and tissues.

Cattle that were at steady-state serum polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentrations due to several years of exposure to water contaminated by residues of Aqueous Film-Forming (AFFF) firefighting foam had perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) isomers, perfluoroheptane sulphonate (PFHpS), perfluorohexane sulphonate (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) in serum. Elimination serum half-lives were determined in five heifers from serial blood sampling over 215 days. Eleven additional animals that had blood sampled on day 19 (d19) were euthanised on d63.

Accumulation of PFAS by livestock - determination of transfer factors from water to serum for cattle and sheep in Australia.

In this study accumulation has been determined of several per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from ingested water to steady state serum concentration for adult beef cattle and sheep raised on a hobby farm impacted by PFAS contamination. PFAS concentrations in stock water were stable for more than a year, they were non-measurable in grass but present at very low levels in soil which equated to just 1% of the intake from water. Prior to quantifying PFAS in cattle serum there had been no breeding for 18 months.

Comparative chemical sensitivity between marine Australian and Northern Hemisphere ecosystems: is an uncertainty factor warranted for water-quality-guideline setting?

The lack of Australian species data has pragmatically led to the use of toxicological data from the Northern Hemisphere to develop water-quality guidelines. However, it is unknown whether Australian species and ecosystems are equally as sensitive and if an uncertainty factor is warranted for Australian guideline setting. In the present study, it is hypothesized that an uncertainty factor is not required.