Three-dimensional peak and cumulative shoulder loads and postures during non-occupational tasks: a preliminary investigation.

Background: In order to obtain a complete understanding of the etiology of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders, a spectrum of risk factors needs to be evaluated, within and external to the workplace. To date, cumulative shoulder loads (forces and moments) have only been documented during automotive assembly tasks. No information on shoulder loads during non-occupational tasks has been reported.