Visual cortical LFP in relation to the hippocampal theta rhythm in track running rats.

Theta oscillations in the primary visual cortex (VC) have been observed during running tasks, but the mechanism behind their generation is not well understood. Some studies have suggested that theta in the VC is locally generated, while others have proposed that it is volume conducted from the hippocampus. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between hippocampal and VC LFP dynamics.

Nonlinear Theta-Gamma Coupling between the Anterior Thalamus and Hippocampus Increases as a Function of Running Speed.

The hippocampal theta rhythm strongly correlates to awake behavior leading to theories that it represents a cognitive state of the brain. As theta has been observed in other regions of the Papez circuit, it has been theorized that activity propagates in a reentrant manner. These observations complement the energy cascade hypothesis in which large-amplitude, slow-frequency oscillations reflect activity propagating across a large population of neurons.

Unilateral Perforant Path Transection Does Not Alter Lateral Entorhinal Cortical or Hippocampal CA3 Expression.

It is well established that degradation of perforant path fibers is associated with age-related cognitive dysfunction and CA3 hyperactivity. Whether this fiber loss triggers a cascade of other functional changes within the hippocampus circuit has not been causatively established, however. Thus, the current study evaluated the effect of perforant path fiber loss on neuronal activity in CA3 and layer II of the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) in relation to mnemonic similarity task performance.

Characteristics of COVID-19 Workplace Clusters in Rhode Island.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted certain workplace settings disproportionately, putting some industries at a higher risk for workplace transmission than others. This study examines workplace clusters in Rhode Island between March 2020 and May 2021. There were 14,580 cases associated with 2784 clusters during this period, with the largest number of workplace clusters occurring in manufacturing, food services, and retail.

Bleeding risk by intensity of anticoagulation in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Studies report hypercoagulability in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), leading many institutions to escalate anticoagulation intensity for thrombosis prophylaxis.

Objective: To determine the bleeding risk with various intensities of anticoagulation in critically ill patients with COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viral illnesses (ORVI).

Patients/methods: This retrospective cohort study compared the incidence of major bleeding in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) within a single health system with COVID-19 versus ORVI.

Health of Caregivers in Rhode Island.

[Full article available at http://rimed.org/rimedicaljournal-2019-02.asp].

Experience-Dependent Effects of Muscimol-Induced Hippocampal Excitation on Mnemonic Discrimination.

Memory requires similar episodes with overlapping features to be represented distinctly, a process that is disrupted in many clinical conditions as well as normal aging. Data from humans have linked this ability to activity in hippocampal CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG). While animal models have shown the perirhinal cortex is critical for disambiguating similar stimuli, hippocampal activity has not been causally linked to discrimination abilities.

Disparities in Health Risk Behaviors and Health Conditions Among Rhode Island Sexual Minority and Unsure High School Students.

Background: Sexual minority students have higher risk for health-related behaviors. We examined 5 domains including 34 health risk behaviors and health conditions among sexual minorities and unsure students in Rhode Island. We also included sexual contact of heterosexually identified students to capture heterosexually identified students who may be considered sexual minorities by their behavior.

Health profile of Rhode Island healthcare workers.

[Full article available at http://rimed.org/rimedicaljournal-2017-12.asp].

Calculating State-Level Estimates of Upcoming Older Adult Health Needs.

Objectives: Census demographers have provided projections of the increased numbers of older adults in upcoming decades, but it is less clear whether they will also be any more or less healthy than current seniors. This is critical information for state planners, as the majority of older adults will need assistance with activities of daily living to remain in their homes. Previous longitudinal and cohort studies have yielded national estimates, but those more costly sources are generally beyond the resources of state public health agencies.

State-Level Surveillance of Underinsurance and Health Care-Related Financial Burden.

Background: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has reduced uninsurance, but underinsurance, health care-related financial burden, and dental uninsurance may not follow suit. Underinsurance is associated with reduced access to care, household debt, and bankruptcy but has been difficult to track without economic data.

Methods: We used readily available state-level survey data to build a model that states can adopt to implement surveillance over underinsurance and health care-related financial burden, as well as assess related disparities and health profiles.

A latent class model to identify city/town chronic disease patterns.

Objective: Most departments of health grapple with how to most effectively allocate resources to address chronic diseases. We adapted a model created by Massachusetts to create customized city/town profiles in order to identify the patterns of chronic disease among 39 cities/towns in Rhode Island.

Methods: We used four data sources to identify 20 indicators of four domains: demographics and socioeconomic status; health behaviors and chronic diseases prevalence; no regular provider and non-emergent emergency department visits; and chronic disease-related hospitalizations.

Hospital-onset influenza hospitalizations--United States, 2010-2011.

Background: Seasonal influenza is responsible for more than 200,000 hospitalizations each year in the United States. Although hospital-onset (HO) influenza contributes to morbidity and mortality among these patients, little is known about its overall epidemiology.

Objective: We describe patients with HO influenza in the United States during the 2010-2011 influenza season and compare them with community-onset (CO) cases to better understand factors associated with illness.

Patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2010-2011 influenza season: exploring disease severity by virus type and subtype.

Background:  The 2010-2011 influenza season was dominated by influenza A(H3N2) virus, but influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 (pH1N1) and B viruses cocirculated. This provided an opportunity to explore within-season predictors of severity among hospitalized patients, avoiding biases associated with season-to-season differences in strain virulence, population immunity, and healthcare seeking.

Methods:  Population-based, laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalization surveillance data were used to examine the association between virus type/subtype and outcomes in children and adults.