The effect of education on nursing personnel's knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of integrative care techniques with hospice and palliative care patients.

Purpose: To examine the effect of education on nursing personnel's knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of hand massage, breathing techniques, and essential oils with hospice and palliative care patients.

Background: Unrelieved, end of life pain is common among hospitalized patients on hospice and palliative care units. Integrative care techniques such as hand massage, breathing techniques, and essential oils can be available to use with these individuals.