Diagnostic findings in sinonasal aspergillosis in dogs in the United Kingdom: 475 cases (2011-2021).

Objectives: To describe the diagnostic tests used and their comparative performance in dogs diagnosed with sinonasal aspergillosis in the United Kingdom. A secondary objective was to describe the signalment, clinical findings and common clinicopathologic abnormalities in sinonasal aspergillosis.

Materials And Methods: A multi-centre retrospective survey was performed involving 23 referral centres in the United Kingdom to identify dogs diagnosed with sinonasal aspergillosis from January 2011 to December 2021.

The use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in 4 dogs undergoing bronchoscopy.

Introduction: High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy is a method to deliver warmed, humidified air-oxygen blended at high flow rates to patients through a nasal cannula using a specialized, commercially available machine. This is a well-tolerated, safe and effective method for oxygen delivery to healthy and hypoxemic dogs. Patients undergoing bronchoscopic procedures frequently develop hypoxemia.

Clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, treatment protocols and outcomes of dogs diagnosed with tick-borne diseases living in the United Kingdom: 76 cases (2005-2019).

Objectives: To report the presence of tick-borne diseases in dogs living in the United Kingdom.

Materials And Methods: Dogs with a final diagnosis of tick-borne diseases made between January 2005 and August 2019 at seven referral institutions in the United Kingdom were included in the study.

Results: Seventy-six dogs were included: 25 were diagnosed with ehrlichiosis, 23 with babesiosis, eight with Lyme borreliosis and six with anaplasmosis.

Prostatitis and prostatic abscessation in dogs: retrospective study of 82 cases.

Objectives: To describe clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments and outcomes of prostatitis and prostatic abscesses of dogs in a referral population.

Animals: Eighty-two dogs diagnosed with prostatitis and/or prostatic abscesses from three referral hospitals.

Procedures: Retrospective case series.

The use of high-dose immunoglobulin M-enriched human immunoglobulin in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.

Background: The IV use of human immunoglobulin (hIVIG) in dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) has been described previously, but herein we describe the use of high-dose IgM-enriched hIVIG (Pentaglobin).

Hypothesis/objectives: Dogs treated with high-dose Pentaglobin will experience shorter time to remission and hospital discharge and have decreased transfusion requirements compared to dogs receiving standard treatment alone.

Animals: Fourteen client-owned dogs diagnosed with primary IMHA at specialist referral hospitals in the United Kingdom.

Clinical findings in dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis in England.

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide importance. This study describes the clinical findings and outcome of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis in England.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis from a single referral hospital located in Eastern England.

Resting and postprandial serum bile acid concentrations in dogs with liver disease.

Background: Serum bile acids (SBAs) are frequently measured in dogs. However, there is limited data comparing SBAs in different liver diseases diagnosed according to standardized histological criteria.

Objectives: To compare resting and postprandial SBAs, and determine their sensitivity and specificity, for various liver diseases in dogs.

Characterisation and outcome of idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis in 64 English springer spaniel dogs.

Objectives: To describe the history, clinicopathological abnormalities, diagnostic imaging findings, lymph node cytological/histological appearance, treatment and outcome of English springer spaniels diagnosed with idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective UK-based multicentre study, 64 dogs were recruited from 10 referral centres, 32 first-opinion practices and three histopathology/cytology laboratories, between 2010 and 2016.

Results: The median age at presentation was 6 years (range: 0.

Canine sterile steroid-responsive lymphadenitis in 49 dogs.

Objectives: To report clinical and laboratory features, treatment responses and outcome in dogs diagnosed with sterile steroid-responsive lymphadenitis in the United Kingdom.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of dogs diagnosed with sterile steroid-responsive lymphadenitis from 2009 to 2016 at six specialist referral centres were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: The study included 49 dogs.

Canine tracheal collapse.

Tracheal collapse occurs most commonly in middle-aged, small breed dogs. Clinical signs are usually proportional to the degree of collapse, ranging from mild airway irritation and paroxysmal coughing to respiratory distress and dyspnoea. Diagnosis is made by documenting dynamic airway collapse with radiographs, bronchoscopy or fluoroscopy.

Treatment of canine nasopharyngeal stenosis using balloon-expandable metallic stents: long-term follow-up of four cases.

Four dogs were diagnosed with nasopharyngeal stenosis using endoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment using balloon-expandable metallic stent, placed under fluoroscopic and endoscopic guidance, resulted in immediate resolution of clinical signs. All dogs were clinically normal 40 to 62 months following stent placement.

Predicting Outcome in dogs with Primary Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia: Results of a Multicenter Case Registry.

Background: Outcome prediction in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is challenging and few prognostic indicators have been consistently identified.

Objectives: An online case registry was initiated to: prospectively survey canine IMHA presentation and management in the British Isles; evaluate 2 previously reported illness severity scores, Canine Hemolytic Anemia Score (CHAOS) and Tokyo and to identify independent prognostic markers.

Animals: Data from 276 dogs with primary IMHA across 10 referral centers were collected between 2008 and 2012.

Surgical attenuation of spontaneous congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs resolves hepatic encephalopathy but not hypermanganesemia.

Hypermanganesemia is commonly recognized in human patients with hepatic insufficiency and portosystemic shunting. Since manganese is neurotoxic, increases in brain manganese concentrations have been implicated in the development of hepatic encephalopathy although a direct causative role has yet to be demonstrated. Evaluate manganese concentrations in dogs with a naturally occurring congenital shunt before and after attenuation as well as longitudinally following the changes in hepatic encephalopathy grade.

Dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy in two lurcher siblings.

Two cases of dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy in 16-week-old male lurcher siblings are reported. The myopathies were characterised by regurgitation, progressive weakness and muscle wastage. The dogs had generalised weakness in all four limbs, with more pronounced weakness in the pelvic limbs.

Utility of a multiple serum biomarker test to monitor remission status and relapse in dogs with lymphoma undergoing treatment with chemotherapy.

A blinded retrospective study was conducted to investigate remission and recurrence of lymphoma in dogs receiving chemotherapy. The objective was to compare clinicians' assessment using palpation and cytology to the results of serum biochemical tests for haptoglobin (Hapt) and C-reactive protein (C-RP). These biochemical test results were combined using a diagnostic algorithm developed using data from 344 individual dogs.

Use of a rotary battery-powered device for the collection of bone marrow in dogs and cats.

Bone marrow biopsies form an important part of investigations into a large number of conditions in veterinary patients. In the human field, powered drivers specifically designed for the collection of bone marrow have become available. These systems have been shown to obtain better quality bone marrow, more quickly and with less pain.

Whole blood manganese concentrations in dogs with primary hepatitis.

Objectives: Increased whole blood manganese concentrations have been reported in humans with primary liver disease. Due to the neurotoxic effects of manganese, altered manganese homeostasis has been linked to the development of hepatic encephalopathy. Whole blood manganese concentrations are increased in cases of canine congenital portosystemic shunts, but it remains unclear whether dogs with primary hepatopathies also have altered manganese homeostasis.

Plasma cytokine concentrations in dogs with a congenital portosystemic shunt.

Congenital portosystemic shunts (cPSS) are a well-recognised vascular anomaly in dogs. Recent studies have shown an association between inflammation and hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which is a common clinical syndrome in dogs with a cPSS. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α are frequently increased in the plasma of human patients with liver disease and have been implicated in the development of HE.

Successful treatment of bilateral Paecilomyces pyelonephritis in a German shepherd dog.

A six-year-old female entire German shepherd dog was investigated for polyuria, polydipsia and lethargy. Investigations revealed a mild azotaemia and abdominal ultrasound revealed marked bilateral dilation of the renal pelves with echogenic material and proximal left hydroureter. Urine cytological examination and aspirates from the right renal pelvis revealed mats of fungal hyphae consistent with fungal bezoar formation.

Serum protein electrophoresis in 147 dogs.

Reference intervals for serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) were created from a group of 75 clinically healthy dogs and compared with SPE results obtained from clinical cases presented to the University of Bristol over an eight-and-a-half-year period. A total of 147 dogs, in which SPE had been performed, had complete case records available and thus met the inclusion criteria. Signalment and final diagnoses taken from the case records and SPE results were divided into normal and abnormal based on the newly established reference intervals.

Serum protein electrophoresis in 155 cats.

All serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) results obtained between 2002 and 2009 from clinical cases presented to the University of Bristol Feline Centre were examined retrospectively. One hundred and fifty-five results met the inclusion criteria. Signalment and final diagnoses were obtained from the case records.