Use of intranasal and sublingual analgesia in children and adolescents in the paediatric emergency department.

Background: Despite evidence showing that the intranasal and sublingual routes are safe and effective in providing analgesia, no data are available about their day-to-day use in the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of the use of the intranasal and sublingual routes, and the clinical characteristics of the patients receiving analgesia through these routes.

Methods: A multicentre study was performed in the EDs participating in the Pain in Paediatric Emergency Room research group.

Pediatric admissions to emergency departments of North-Western Italy during COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective observational study.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic caused huge decrease of pediatric admissions to Emergency Department (ED), arising concerns about possible delays in diagnosis and treatment of severe disorders.

Methods: Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Emergency Room (ICOPER) was a retrospective multicentre observational study including 23 Italian EDs.All the children <18 years admitted, between March 9th and May 3rd 2020 stratified by age, priority code, cause of admission and outcome have been included and compared to those admitted in the same period of 2019.

[Influence of salivary Ph on the correlation between salivary and plasma levels of phenobarbital in the neonatal period].

The influence of salivary pH on the estimate of blood barbiturates obtained by measuring phenobarbital on saliva at newborn age.

[Monitoring of phenobarbital use during the neonatal period by means of urinalysis].

Monitoring of blood barbiturate level was performed in 32 term newborns, who received 6 mg/Kg/die phenobarbital (PB), by assaying blood and urine samples. Cases were grouped according to duration of treatment which varied following multiples of 12 hours from 16 to 100 hours. Serum and urine PB assay was conducted through immunological percentage nephelometric inhibition.

Scanning electron microscopic ultrastructural alterations of the pulmonary alveolus in experimental drowning.

Scanning electron microscopic structural and ultrastructural alterations of alveolar wall in experimental drowning are described. The results obtained confirm the literature's data. Peculiar microlesions affecting Type I alveolar cells, the basement membrane, and sometimes the capillary endothelium could also be observed.