Description of a new Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895 species (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Psalmopoeinae) from the Chocó region of Ecuador.

A new species of Theraphosidae, genus Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895 is described from the Chocó region of Ecuador, Psalmopoeus pristirana n. sp. (male and female).

Seven new species of the enigmatic spider genus Paratropis Simon, 1889 (Mygalomorphae, Paratropididae) from Ecuador.

Seven new species of the enigmatic spider family Paratropididae are described from Ecuador. All new species belong to the genus Paratropis: P. carcosita sp.

Alkaloids are associated with increased microbial diversity and metabolic function in poison frogs.

Shifts in host-associated microbiomes can impact both host and microbes. It is of interest to understand how perturbations, like the introduction of exogenous chemicals, impact microbiomes. In poison frogs (family Dendrobatidae), the skin microbiome is exposed to alkaloids that the frogs sequester for defense.

Reduced fertilization supplemented with RGM 2450 and RGM 2529 promotes tomato production in a sustainable way.

The rising demand for vegetables has driven the adoption of greenhouse cultivation to guarantee high yields and quality of fresh produce year-round. Consequently, this elevates the demand for fertilizers, whose costs are progressively escalating. RGM 2450 and RGM 2529 are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).

Path for recovery: an ecological overview of the Jambato Harlequin Toad (Bufonidae: ) in its last known locality, Angamarca Valley, Ecuador.

The Jambato Harlequin toad (), a formerly abundant species in the Andes of Ecuador, faced a dramatic population decline in the 1980s, with its last recorded sighting in 1988. The species was considered Extinct by the IUCN until 2016, when a fortuitous discovery of one Jambato by a local boy reignited hope. In this study, we present findings from an investigation conducted in the Angamarca parish, focusing on distribution, abundance, habitat preferences, ecology, disease susceptibility, and dietary habits of the species.

Visual-functional impact of people affected by severe ocular trauma during social protests in Chile in 2019.

Purpose: To determine the impact on the functionality associated with visual loss (VFIP) in people with severe ocular trauma (SOT) caused by kinetic impact projectiles used in police crowd control through a prioritization tool in people admitted to a rehabilitation program in Santiago de Chile from December 02, 2019, to November 13, 2020.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of SOT victims (N = 85), average age 31.4 ± 11.

A toxic environment selects for specialist microbiome in poison frogs.

Shifts in microbiome community composition can have large effects on host health. It is therefore important to understand how perturbations, like those caused by the introduction of exogenous chemicals, modulate microbiome community composition. In poison frogs within the family Dendrobatidae, the skin microbiome is exposed to the alkaloids that the frogs sequester from their diet and use for defense.

Binding and sequestration of poison frog alkaloids by a plasma globulin.

Alkaloids are important bioactive molecules throughout the natural world, and in many animals they serve as a source of chemical defense against predation. Dendrobatid poison frogs bioaccumulate alkaloids from their diet to make themselves toxic or unpalatable to predators. Despite the proposed roles of plasma proteins as mediators of alkaloid trafficking and bioavailability, the responsible proteins have not been identified.

Sulforaphane protects from kidney damage during the release of unilateral ureteral obstruction (RUUO) by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2): Role of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.

Releasing unilateral ureteral obstruction (RUUO) is the gold standard for decreasing renal damage induced during unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO); however, the complete recovery after RUUO depends on factors such as the time and severity of obstruction and kidney contralateral compensatory mechanisms. Interestingly, previous studies have shown that kidney damage markers such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis are present and even increase after removal obstruction. To date, previous therapeutic strategies have been used to potentiate the recovery of renal function after RUUO; however, the mechanisms involving renal damage reduction are poorly described and sometimes focus on the recovery of renal functionality.

Unique synapomorphies and high diversity in South American Raji-related Epstein-Barr virus genomes.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gammaherpesvirus etiologically linked to several benign and malignant diseases. EBV-associated malignancies exhibit an unusual global distribution that might be partly attributed to virus and host genetic backgrounds.

Objectives: To assemble a new genome of EBV (CEMO3) from a paediatric Burkitt's lymphoma from Rio de Janeiro State (Southeast Brazil).

NAC Pre-Administration Prevents Cardiac Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Dynamics, Biogenesis, and Redox Alteration in Folic Acid-AKI-Induced Cardio-Renal Syndrome Type 3.

The incidence of kidney disease is increasing worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) can strongly favor cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) type 3 development. However, the mechanism involved in CRS development is not entirely understood.

Assessing Industrial Communication Protocols to Bridge the Gap between Machine Tools and Software Monitoring.

Industrial communication protocols are protocols used to interconnect systems, interfaces, and machines in industrial environments. With the advent of hyper-connected factories, the role of these protocols is gaining relevance, as they enable the real-time acquisition of machine monitoring data, which can fuel real-time data analysis platforms that conduct tasks such as predictive maintenance. However, the effectiveness of these protocols is largely unknown and there is a lack of empirical evaluation which compares their performance.

Targeting macrophage Syk enhances responses to immune checkpoint blockade and radiotherapy in high-risk neuroblastoma.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is considered an immunologically cold tumor and is usually less responsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly infiltrated in NB tumors and promote immune escape and resistance to ICB. Hence therapeutic strategies targeting immunosuppressive TAMs can improve responses to ICB in NB.

Syk Inhibition Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Overcomes Gemcitabine-Induced Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Unlabelled: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an insidious disease with a low 5-year survival rate. PDAC is characterized by infiltration of abundant tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), which promote immune tolerance and immunotherapeutic resistance. Here we report that macrophage spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) promotes PDAC growth and metastasis.

Osthole Prevents Heart Damage Induced by Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome: Role of Fructokinase (KHK).

There is increasing evidence that either ingested or produced fructose may have a role in metabolic syndrome. While not commonly considered a criterion for metabolic syndrome, cardiac hypertrophy is often associated with metabolic syndrome, and its presence carries increased cardiovascular risk. Recently it has been shown that fructose and fructokinase C (KHK) can be induced in cardiac tissue.

Identification and distribution of species of that cause blueberry stem blight in Chile.

Stem blight is a destructive woody disease of blueberry () caused by several species of the family Botryosphaeriaceae. A field survey was conducted in the mayor blueberry production area of Chile, comprising latitudes 32°49'S to 40°55'S, to determine the occurrence and distribution of Botryosphaeriaceae in the region. Together, a multilocus analysis, morphological characterization, and phytopathogenicity testing were used to identify 51 isolates belonging to (28 strains), (22 strains), and (1 strain).

The Development of Dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Damage, and the Protective Effects of Curcuminoids.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health problem that is constantly growing. This disease presents a diverse symptomatology that implies complex therapeutic management. One of its characteristic symptoms is dyslipidemia, which becomes a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases and increases the mortality of CKD patients.

Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on 5/6Nx Hypertriglyceridemia: Association with the Improvement of Renal Mitochondrial β-Oxidation and Lipid Metabolism in Kidney and Liver.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is constantly increasing, and dyslipidemia in this disease is characteristic, favoring cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms of CKD dyslipidemia are not fully understood. The use of curcumin (CUR) in CKD models such as 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) has shown multiple beneficial effects, so it has been proposed to correct dyslipidemia without side effects.

Expression Profiles of Kidney Mitochondrial Proteome during the Progression of the Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction: Focus on Energy Metabolism Adaptions.

Kidney diseases encompass many pathologies, including obstructive nephropathy (ON), a common clinical condition caused by different etiologies such as urolithiasis, prostatic hyperplasia in males, tumors, congenital stenosis, and others. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rodents is an experimental model widely used to explore the pathophysiology of ON, replicating vascular alterations, tubular atrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis development. In addition, due to the kidney's high energetic demand, mitochondrial function has gained great attention, as morphological and functional alterations have been demonstrated in kidney diseases.

Identification of Exoenzymes Secreted by Entomopathogenic Fungus RGM 2184 and Their Effect on the Degradation of Cocoons and Pupae of Quarantine Pest .

RGM 2184 has shown 80% maximum efficacy against the pest in the autumn and winter seasons. This suggests that the strain possesses an interesting battery of enzymes that are cold-adapted to penetrate the thick and hydrophobic cocoon of . In this study, screening of the proteolytic, lipolytic, and chitinolytic activity of enzyme extracts secreted by the RGM 2184 strain was carried out in various culture media.

Sulforaphane Protects against Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-Induced Renal Damage in Rats by Alleviating Mitochondrial and Lipid Metabolism Impairment.

Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is an animal rodent model that allows the study of obstructive nephropathy in an accelerated manner. During UUO, tubular damage is induced, and alterations such as oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial impairment favor fibrosis development, leading to chronic kidney disease progression. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate derived from green cruciferous vegetables, might improve mitochondrial functions and lipid metabolism; however, its role in UUO has been poorly explored.

OnTrack Chile for people with early psychosis: a study protocol for a Hybrid Type 1 trial.

Background: Substantial data from high-income countries support early interventions in the form of evidence-based Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) for people experiencing First Episode Psychosis (FEP) to ameliorate symptoms and minimize disability. Chile is unique among Latin American countries in providing universal access to FEP services through a national FEP policy that mandates the identification of FEP individuals in primary care and guarantees delivery of community-based FEP treatments within a public health care system. Nonetheless, previous research has documented that FEP services currently provided at mental health clinics do not provide evidence-based approaches.

If you move, I move: The social influence effect on residential mobility.

There are many theories that account for why households move between residential areas. In this paper, we advance on this by formulating a new mechanism whereby a household's probability of leaving a neighborhood is informed by the number of other households who have previously left that neighborhood. We call this mechanism: the social influence (SI) effect.