Potential applications for photoacoustic imaging using functional nanoparticles: A comprehensive overview.

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the potential applications for Photo-Acoustic (PA) imaging employing functional nanoparticles. The exploration begins with an introduction to nanotechnology and nanomaterials, highlighting the advancements in these fields and their crucial role in shaping the future. A detailed discussion of the various types of nanomaterials and their functional properties sets the stage for a thorough examination of the fundamentals of the PA effect.

Effects of α-olefin sulfonate (AOS) on Tubifex tubifex: toxicodynamic-toxicokinetic inferences from the general unified threshold (GUTS) model, biomarker responses and molecular docking predictions.

We investigated the potential ecological risks and harm to aquatic organisms posed by anionic surfactants such as α-olefin sulfonate (AOS), which are commonly found in industrial and consumer products, including detergents. This study assessed acute (96-h) and subchronic (14-day) responses using antioxidant activity, protein levels, and histopathological changes in Tubifex tubifex exposed to different AOS concentrations (10% of the LC, 20% of the LC, and a control). Molecular docking was used to investigate the potential interactions between the key stress biomarker enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and cytochrome c oxidase) of Tubifex tubifex.

Fluorene-induced stress in the benthic oligochaete Tubifex tubifex: A multi-biomarker assessment of toxicological pathways and mechanisms under acute and subchronic exposures.

This study examined the multifaceted impacts of fluorene exposure on Tubifex tubifex, encompassing acute (survival analysis and behavioral responses) and subchronic exposure regimens (antioxidant enzyme response and histopathology), molecular docking studies, and generalized read-across analysis. Survival analysis revealed concentration-dependent increases in toxicity over varying time intervals, with LC50 values decreasing from 30.072 mg/L at 24 h to 12.

Investigation of bio-active Amaryllidaceae alkaloidal small molecules as putative SARS-CoV-2 main protease and host TMPRSS2 inhibitors: interpretation by simulation study.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outburst is still threatening global health. This highly contagious viral disease is caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Covid-19 and post-Covid-19 complications induce noteworthy mortality.

Transcription factors in SOX family: Potent regulators for cancer initiation and development in the human body.

Transcription factors (TFs) have a key role in controlling the gene regulatory network that sustains explicit cell states in humans. However, an uncontrolled regulation of these genes potentially results in a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Genes of the SOX family are indeed crucial as deregulation of SOX family TFs can potentially lead to changes in cell fate as well as irregular cell growth.

Dynamic changes in Sox2 spatio-temporal expression promote the second cell fate decision through / signaling in preimplantation mouse embryos.

Oct4 and Sox2 regulate the expression of target genes such as , and , by binding to their respective regulatory motifs. Their functional cooperation is reflected in their ability to heterodimerize on adjacent regulatory motifs, the composite Sox/Oct motif. Given that Oct4 and Sox2 regulate many developmental genes, a quantitative analysis of their synergistic action on different Sox/Oct motifs would yield valuable insights into the mechanisms of early embryonic development.

Selective influence of Sox2 on POU transcription factor binding in embryonic and neural stem cells.

Embryonic stem cell (ESC) identity is orchestrated by co-operativity between the transcription factors (TFs) Sox2 and the class V POU-TF Oct4 at composite Sox/Oct motifs. Neural stem cells (NSCs) lack Oct4 but express Sox2 and class III POU-TFs Oct6, Brn1 and Brn2. This raises the question of how Sox2 interacts with POU-TFs to transcriptionally specify ESCs versus NSCs.

Co-motif discovery identifies an Esrrb-Sox2-DNA ternary complex as a mediator of transcriptional differences between mouse embryonic and epiblast stem cells.

Transcription factors (TF) often bind in heterodimeric complexes with each TF recognizing a specific neighboring cis element in the regulatory region of the genome. Comprehension of this DNA motif grammar is opaque, yet recent developments have allowed the interrogation of genome-wide TF binding sites. We reasoned that within this data novel motif grammars could be identified that controlled distinct biological programs.