Size-dependent effect on controllable release and field insecticidal efficacy of diamide insecticide polylactic acid microspheres delivery systems against Ostrinia nubilalis.

New nano/microcarriers of pesticides represent a highly promising novel field for sustainable pest management. However, despite extensive laboratory research, few studies on the design and evaluation of nanopesticides for field applications exist. In this study, we present a straightforward and green synthetic method of ultrasonic-assisted and hydrogen-bonded self-assembly at the oil-water interface for the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA) microspheres encapsulating chlorantraniliprole (CAP), with precise control over the size of the microspheres.

Combined Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Profenofos-Induced Invisible Injury in Pakchoi ( L.) through Inhibition of Carotenoid Accumulation.

Profenofos insecticide poses risks to nontarget organisms including mammals and hydrobionts, and its effects on crops are not known. This study examined the invisible toxicity of profenofos on pakchoi ( L.), using transcriptome and metabolome analyses.

Glyphosate hormesis stimulates tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant growth and enhances tolerance against environmental abiotic stress by triggering nonphotochemical quenching.

Background: Glyphosate is the most widely applied herbicide in the world. Hormesis caused by low glyphosate doses has been widely documented in many plant species. However, the specific adaptative mechanism of plants responding to glyphosate hormesis stimulation remains unclear.

Significantly enhanced biodegradation of profenofos by Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 mediated by walnut shell biochar.

The feasibility of using walnut shell biochar to mediate biodegradation of Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 for profenofos was investigated. The results of scanning electron microscopy, classical DLVO theory and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that strain X1 was stably immobilized on biochar by pore filling, van der Waals attraction, and hydrogen bonding. Profenofos degradation experiments showed that strain X1 immobilized on biochar significantly decomposed profenofos (shortened the half-life by 5.

Complete biodegradation of fungicide carboxin and its metabolite aniline by Delftia sp. HFL-1.

Fungicide carboxin was commonly used in the form of seed coating for the prevention of smut, wheat rust and cotton damping-off, leading carboxin and its probable carcinogenic metabolite aniline to directly enter the soil with the seeds, causing residual pollution. In this study, a novel carboxin degrading strain, Delftia sp. HFL-1, was isolated.

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Tea ( L.) from Weeds through Weed-Soil-Tea Transfer and Risk Assessment of Tea Intake.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have been detected in tea and can threaten human health. However, the specific source of PAs in tea is still unclear. Here, 88 dried tea products collected from six major tea-producing areas in Anhui Province, China, were analyzed.

Chicken feedlot revisited: Co-dispersal of antibiotic and metal resistome under banning in-feed veterinary antibiotics.

Intensive livestock farming has been implicated as a notorious hotspot for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) due to the excessive or inappropriate use of in-feed antibiotics over the past few decades. Since China implemented a ban on the use of antibiotics in animal feed since 2020, the dissemination of ARGs in the vicinity of feedlots has remained unclear. This study presents a case study that aims to investigate the dispersal of antibiotics and ARGs from a chicken feedlot (established in 2020) to the adjacent aquatic and soil environments.

A highly selective and sensitive ICT-based Cu fluorescent probe and its application in bioimaging.

Cu is an essential trace element for the organism, but its excess can also cause irreversible damage to the organism. As such, a "Turn-Off" fluorescent probe DPAP for the specific detection of Cu was successfully constructed. DPAP exhibits large Stokes shift (120 nm), fast reaction speed (1 min), low detection limit (15.

Efficient Knocking Out of the Organophosphorus Insecticides Degradation Gene in X1 via CRISPR/ with Red System.

X1 is a type strain of the genus , that can degrade eight kinds of organophosphorus insecticides (OPs). Conventional genetic manipulations in species are time-consuming, difficult, and hard to control. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 () system has emerged as a powerful tool for genome editing applied in prokaryotes and eukaryotes due to its simplicity, efficiency, and accuracy.

Efficient biodegradation characteristics and detoxification pathway of organophosphorus insecticide profenofos via Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 and enzyme OpdB.

Profenofos residues in the environment pose a high risk to mammals and non-target organisms. In this study, the biodegradation and detoxification of profenofos in an efficient degrading strain, Cupriavidus nantongensis X1, was investigated. Strain X1 could degrade 88.

Pyrrolizidine-producing weeds in tea gardens as an indicator of alkaloids in tea.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) can be transferred between plants via soil. Indicators of PAs in tea products are useful for tea garden management. In the present work a total of 37 weed species, 37 weed rhizospheric soils and 24 fresh tea leaf samples were collected from tea gardens, in which PAs were detected in 35 weeds species, 21 soil samples and 10 fresh tea leaves samples.

Construction of a novel fluorescent nanocarrier with double hollow shells for pH-controlled release of imidacloprid and its distribution and transport in bok choy.

Nanotechnology has been widely used in the field of pesticides. Integration of nano-pesticides and carbon dot fluorescence can fully utilize the potential for high admission of pesticides on leaves and convenience observation of its distribution and transport in the tissues. In the present study, a fluorescent mesoporous nanosilica with double hollow shells for loading imidacloprid (Im@FL-MSNs) was designed and synthesized.

Effects of plant morphology, vitamin C, and other co-present pesticides on the deposition, dissipation, and metabolism of chlorothalonil in pakchoi.

Pesticide residues have been a focus of attention of food safety. Different varietal pakchoi plants grown in open fields were studied to understand effects of morphology, leaf wax content, and vitamin C on the deposition, dissipation, and metabolism of chlorothalonil. The loose pakchoi plants and flat leaves were conducive to pesticide deposition, but not plants with erect leaves.

Resistance properties and adaptation mechanism of cadmium in an enriched strain, Cupriavidus nantongensis X1.

Bacterial adaption to heavy metal stress is a complex and comprehensive process of multi-response regulation. However, the mechanism is largely unexplored. In this study, cadmium (Cd) resistance and adaptation mechanism in Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 were investigated.

Uptake, translocation and metabolism of imidacloprid loaded within fluorescent mesoporous silica nanoparticles in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

Fluorescence-labeling technology has been widely used for rapid detection of pesticides in agricultural production. However, there are few studies on the use of this technology to investigate pesticide uptake and transport in plants with fluorescent nanoparticle formulations. Here, we investigated uptake, transport, accumulation and metabolism of imidacloprid loaded in fluorescent mesoporous SiO nanoparticles (Im@FL-MSNs) in tomato plants, and compared the results with the pesticide application in granular formulation.

Comparison of the interactions of flupyrimin and nitenpyram with serum albumins via multiple analysis methods.

Flupyrimin and nitenpyram are emerging neonicotinoid insecticides that may cause potential harm to the human body. In the present work, the interactions of flupyrimin/nitenpyram with serum albumins under normal physiological conditions were thoroughly studied by using multiple spectroscopic techniques, DFT calculations and molecular docking. Flupyrimin/nitenpyram can quench the endogenous fluorescence of HSA/BSA and form a complex with HSA/BSA through a static process, causing conformational and secondary structure changes of HSA/BSA.

Enantiomer metabolism of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos in in vitro tea (Camellia sinensis L.) systems: Comparison between cell suspensions and excised tissues.

Enantioselective metabolism of chiral pesticide in plants is very important. In vitro system has become an effective means to study the metabolism of pesticides in plants, but the study on the metabolism of chiral pesticides has not been reported. This work compared the enantiomer metabolic behavior of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos between tea cell suspensions and excised tea stem with leaves.

Enantioselective degradation of the organophosphorus insecticide isocarbophos in Cupriavidus nantongensis X1: Characteristics, enantioselective regulation, degradation pathways, and toxicity assessment.

The chiral pesticide enantiomers often show selective efficacy and non-target toxicity. In this study, the enantioselective degradation characteristics of the chiral organophosphorus insecticide isocarbophos (ICP) by Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 were investigated systematically. Strain X1 preferentially degraded the ICP R isomer (R-ICP) over the S isomer (S-ICP).

Enhanced biodegradation of organophosphorus insecticides in industrial wastewater via immobilized Cupriavidus nantongensis X1.

Chlorpyrifos is an important organophosphorus insecticide. It is highly toxic to mammals and can pollute the environment. Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 can efficiently degrade chlorpyrifos.

Enantioselective Uptake Determines Degradation Selectivity of Chiral Profenofos in X1.

Organophosphorus insecticides account for approximately 28% of the global commercial insecticide market, while 40% of them are chiral enantiomers. Chiral enantiomers differ largely in their toxicities. Enantiomers that are less active or inactive do not offer the needed efficacy but pollute the environment and cause toxicities to non-target species.

Ortho and para oxydehalogenation of dihalophenols catalyzed by the monooxygenase TcpA and NAD(P)H:FAD reductase Fre.

Dihalophenols such as dichlorophenols (DCPs) are important industrial chemical intermediates, but also persistent pollutants in the environment. Oxidative dehalogenation by microbes is an efficient biological method to degrade halophenols, but the mechanism is unclear yet. Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 was a type strain of genus Cupriavidus, and could degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol of 50 mg/L within 12 h.

Rapid Biodegradation of the Organophosphorus Insecticide Chlorpyrifos by X1.

Chlorpyrifos was one of the most widely used organophosphorus insecticides and the neurotoxicity and genotoxicity of chlorpyrifos to mammals, aquatic organisms and other non-target organisms have caused much public concern. X1, a type of strain of the genus , is capable of efficiently degrading 200 mg/L of chlorpyrifos within 48 h. This is ~100 fold faster than B-14, a well-studied chlorpyrifos-degrading bacterial strain.

Minute-Speed Biodegradation of Organophosphorus Insecticides by X1.

Organophosphorus insecticides (OPs) have been widely used to control agricultural pests, which has raised concerns about OP residues in crops and the environment. In this study, we investigated the degradation kinetics and pathways of 8 OPs by X1 and identified the enzyme via gene cloning and in vitro assays. The degradation half-life of methyl parathion, triazophos, and phoxim was only 5, 9, and 43 min, respectively.

Self-acidity induced effervescence and manual shaking-assisted microextraction of neonicotinoid insecticides in orange juice.

A novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction that combines self-induced acid-base effervescent reaction and manual shaking, coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for simultaneous determination of ten neonicotinoid insecticides and metabolites in orange juice. An innovative aspect of this method was the utilization of the acidity of the juice for a self-reaction between acidic components contained in the juice sample and added sodium carbonate which generated carbon dioxide bubbles in situ, accelerating the analytes transfer to the extractant of 1-undecanol. The total acid content of juice sample was measured to produce the maximum amount of bubbles with minimum usage of carbonate.