A Rapid On-Line Evaluation (ROLE) Protocol in the Diagnostic Performance Improvement in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Acquisition for Solid Pancreatic Lesions.

We assessed the rapid on-line evaluation (ROLE) protocol as a modification to the conventional rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) in the diagnostic performance improvement in endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) for solid pancreatic lesions. This single-center, retrospective study involved consecutive patients with solid pancreatic lesions undergoing EUS-TA at Peking University First Hospital between October 2017 and March 2021. Among 137 patients enrolled, 75 were in the ROLE group and 62 were in the non-ROSE group.

Autophagy-related IFNG is a prognostic and immunochemotherapeutic biomarker of COAD patients.

Background: Numerous studies have shown autophagy affects cellular immune responses. This study aims to explore prognosis and immunotherapeutic biomarkers related to autophagy in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD).

Methods: Based on R software, we performed the ssGSEA, differential expression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, correlation analysis, and enrichment analysis.

CBS-HS axis preserves the intestinal barrier function by inhibiting COX-2 through sulfhydrating human antigen R in colitis.

Introduction: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes lesions of the epithelial barrier, which allows translocation of pathogens from the intestinal lumen to the host's circulation. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) regulates multiple physiological and pathological processes in colonic epithelial tissue, and CBS-HS axis involved in multiple gastrointestinal disorder. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of the CBS-HS axis on the intestinal and systemic inflammation in colitis remains to be illustrated.

Hydrogen Sulfide Creates a Favorable Immune Microenvironment for Colon Cancer.

Unlabelled: Immunotherapy can elicit robust anticancer responses in the clinic. However, a large proportion of patients with colorectal cancer do not benefit from treatment. Although previous studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is involved in colorectal cancer development and immune escape, further insights into the mechanisms and related molecules are needed to identify approaches to reverse the tumor-supportive functions of H2S.

BCL2A1 and CCL18 Are Predictive Biomarkers of Cisplatin Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Colon Cancer Patients.

Cisplatin enhances the antitumor T cell response, and the combination of PD-L1 blockade produces a synergistic therapeutic effect. However, the clinical correlation between cisplatin and immunotherapy in colon cancer (CC) is unknown. Using the "pRRophetic" package, we calculated the IC50 of cisplatin.

Overexpression of CBS/HS inhibits proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer cells through downregulation of CD44.

Background: The role of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in cancer biology is controversial, including colorectal cancer. The bell-shaped effect of HS refers to pro-cancer action at lower doses and anti-cancer effect at higher concentrations. We hypothesized that overexpression of cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS)/HS exerts an inhibitory effect on colon cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.

The CBS-HS axis promotes liver metastasis of colon cancer by upregulating VEGF through AP-1 activation.

Background: The main therapy for colon cancer with liver metastasis is chemotherapy based on 5-fluorouracil combined with targeted drugs. However, acquired drug resistance and severe adverse reactions limit patients' benefit from standard chemotherapy. Here, we investigate the involvement of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) in liver metastasis of colon cancer and its potential value as a novel therapeutic target.

Two Similar Signatures for Predicting the Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy of Stomach Adenocarcinoma Patients.

Background: Globally, stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD)'s high morbidity and mortality should arouse our urgent attention. How long can STAD patients survive after surgery and whether novel immunotherapy is effective are questions that our clinicians cannot escape.

Methods: Various R packages, GSEA software, Metascape, STRING, Cytoscape, Venn diagram, TIMER2.

SPARC enhances 5-FU chemosensitivity in gastric cancer by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis.

Previous studies have shown that secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) proteins can inhibit the development of cancer cells in various ways, such as by inhibiting angiogenesis and inhibiting cell proliferation. In fact, SPARC proteins may have an effect on the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), which needs further research in the future. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between SPARC proteins and the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulates xCT stability through persulfidation of OTUB1 at cysteine 91 in colon cancer cells.

Increased xCT and transsulfuration pathway has been associated with metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer. However, the correlation between these 2 events and the underlying molecular mechanism remains obscure. xCT expression was determined in tissue microarrays of colorectal cancer.

The aging-related risk signature in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. The opening of the TCGA and GEO databases has promoted the progress of CRC prognostic assessment, while the aging-related risk signature has never been mentioned.

Methods: R software packages, GSEA software, Venn diagram, Metascape, STRING, Cytoscape, cBioPortal, TIMER and GeneMANIA website were used in this study.

Identification of 6 Hub Proteins and Protein Risk Signature of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States and the third most common cancer globally. The incidence of CRC tends to be younger, and we urgently need a reliable prognostic assessment strategy.

Methods: Protein expression profile and clinical information of 390 CRC patients/samples were downloaded from the TCPA and TCGA database, respectively.

Paxillin knockdown suppresses metastasis and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer via the ERK signalling pathway.

Paxillin (PXN) is a cytoplasmic protein that plays an important role in regulating focal adhesion, cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell motility. The present study aimed to investigate the role of PXN in the metastasis of human colorectal cancer (CRC) and its possible mechanisms. Immunohistochemical staining of tissues from 102 surgical CRC patients revealed that high PXN expression was positively correlated with tumour‑node‑metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and recurrence at distant sites after radical surgery.

Macrophage-derived SPARC Attenuates M2-mediated Pro-tumour Phenotypes.

Since the theory of seed and soil was put forward, people have increasingly recognized that the tumour microenvironment is an important regulator of tumour progression and therapeutic response. Among them, M2-type macrophages (M2, as the major macrophage subtype in the tumour foci) have important promoting effects on various biological behaviours. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is an important anti-tumour component in the microenvironment of gastric cancer.

Aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) sensitizes colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin via exaggerating apoptosis induced by ROS.

As the third confirmed gaseous transmitter, the role of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the pathogenesis of multiple types of cancer has been attracting increasing attention. Increased expression of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and HS in colon cancer tissue samples has been validated and tumor-derived HS, mainly produced by CBS, stimulates bioenergetics, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in colon cancer. Recently, the therapeutic manipulation of HS has been proposed as a promising anticancer approach.

The novel long noncoding RNA CRART16 confers cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer cells by enhancing ERBB3 expression via miR-371a-5p.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to participate in multiple biological processes and confer drug resistance. However, it remains unclear whether lncRNAs are involved in conferring cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.

Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed to assess the sensitivity of CRC cell lines to cetuximab treatment.

Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide synthesis reverses acquired resistance to 5-FU through miR-215-5p-EREG/TYMS axis in colon cancer cells.

Acquired resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a major barrier to benefit from chemotherapy in colon cancer patients. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), mainly produced by cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), has been reported to promote the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells. In this study, the effect of inhibiting HS synthesis on the sensitivity of colon cancer cell lines to 5-FU was investigated.

The administration of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 ameliorates irinotecan-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbial dysbiosis in mice.

Aims: The present study investigated the effect of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) on irinotecan-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbial dysbiosis in a mouse model and in the human colonic cells lines Caco-2.

Materials And Methods: Male BALB/c mice received irinotecan intraperitoneal injection with or without EcN administration intragastrically. Body weight, diarrhea severity, intestinal permeability and histopathological analysis of ileum epithelia of mice from different groups were assessed.

Low expression of SPARC in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts leads to stemness transformation and 5-fluorouracil resistance in gastric cancer.

Background: The aim of the present study was to clarify the correlations between SPARC expression in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts (GCAFs) and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and to elucidate the role of GCAF-derived SPARC in stemness transformation and 5-fluorouracil resistance in gastric cancer.

Methods: One hundred ninety-two patients were enrolled in the present study. SPARC expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining.

Decreased Expression of Cystathionine β-Synthase Exacerbates Intestinal Barrier Injury in Ulcerative Colitis.

Background And Aims: Endogenous H2S regulates multiple physiological and pathological processes in colon epithelial tissues. The current study investigated the role of cystathionine β-synthase [CBS], a major producer of H2S in colon epithelial cells, in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis [UC]-related intestinal barrier injury. The expression and DNA methylation level of CBS were investigated in inflamed and non-inflamed colon tissues collected from UC patients, and the effect of decreased CBS levels on Caco-2 monolayer barrier injury and altered status of tight junctions elicited by tumour necrosis factor/interferon [TNF/IFN] was determined.

Activated gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts contribute to the malignant phenotype and 5-FU resistance via paracrine action in gastric cancer.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in tumor progression. However, the behaviors of activated CAFs in gastric cancer remain to be determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlations between activated gastric CAFs and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, and to determine the effects of activated CAFs on the malignant phenotype and 5-fluorouracil resistance in this cancer.