Individualized nutritional intervention versus routine care for gestational diabetes prevention: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects millions of females and their children. Effective dietary strategies for early prevention are controversial.

Objective: To investigate whether an individualized nutritional intervention reduced GDM incidence in high-risk females.

Assessing the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on rheumatoid arthritis: an umbrella review.

Background: The relationship between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has attracted considerable interest. However, the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on RA remains uncertain. This umbrella review aims to consolidate current research to establish a stronger evidence base.

Flexible Intervention of Polyoxometalate Support on the Electronegativity of Single Atoms to Enhance Catalytic Activity.

The construction of single-atom catalysts (SACs) using polyoxometalates (POMs) as supports has attracted significant attention. Specifically, POMs possess the unique ability to reversibly accept and donate electrons; yet, the potential benefits of this distinctive characteristic on the activity of single atoms have remained unexplored. In this study, we employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the synthesis of CHCOOH from CO, CH, and HO catalyzed by POM-supported SAC M1/POM (M = Pt, Rh, Ru, Pd, Co), aiming to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the role of POM support in SACs.

A nomogram for postoperative pulmonary infections in esophageal cancer patients: a two-center retrospective clinical study.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary infections (POPIs) occur in approximately 13-38% of patients who undergo surgery for esophageal cancer, negatively impacting patient outcomes and prolonging hospital stays. This study aims to develop a novel clinical prediction model to identify patients at risk for POPIs early, thereby enabling timely intervention by clinicians.

Methods: This study included 910 patients from two hospitals.

Analysis of lipidomics profile of Brassica napus hybrid 'Fangyou 777' and its parents during ripening stages based on UPLC-MS/MS.

Background: Lipids in rapeseed is of great significance to human health, and 'Fangyou 777' (No. GPD-2019-510073) has been identified as an excellent cultivar with high oil content. However, the change of lipid profile at different ripening stages remain unclear.

Topological Design of Highly Conductive Weakly Solvating Electrolytes for Ultrastable Sodium Metal Batteries Operating at -60 °C and Below.

Weakly solvating electrolytes (WSE) can favor reversible Na batteries at -40 °C for some extreme applications because of the low desolvation energy. However, it is challenging to enable reversible Na batteries at lower temperatures. Herein, we uncover that the low ionic conductivity of WSE reduces reaction kinetics at -60 °C.

Associations of Postencephalitic Epilepsy Using Multi-Contrast Whole Brain MRI: A Large Self-Supervised Vision Foundation Model Strategy.

Background: Postencephalitic epilepsy (PEE) is a severe neurological complication following encephalitis. Early identification of individuals at high risk for PEE is important for timely intervention.

Purpose: To develop a large self-supervised vision foundation model using a big dataset of multi-contrast head MRI scans, followed by fine-tuning with MRI data and follow-up outcomes from patients with PEE to develop a PEE association model.

Greenness and averted mortality in 390 cities in China (2000-2020).

Background: China's growth over recent decades rapidly transformed the urban landscapes. Green spaces provide numerous health benefits including acting as nature-based solutions for climate change risks. Our study aims to track greenness trends in urban areas in China and quantify the health impact of greenness on adult mortality.

Injured Myocardium-Targeted Theranostic Nanoplatform for Multi-Dimensional Immune-Inflammation Regulation in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Pyroptosis is a key mode of programmed cell death during the early stages following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), driving immune-inflammatory responses. Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are the primary mediators of cardiac immunity, and they serve a dual role through their shaping of both myocardial injury and post-AMI myocardial repair. To appropriately regulate AMI-associated inflammation, HM4oRL is herein designed, an innovative bifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform capable of inhibiting cardiomyocyte pyroptosis while reprogramming inflammatory signaling.

Assessing the causal effect of genetically predicted metabolites and metabolic pathways on vitiligo: Evidence from Mendelian randomization and animal experiments.

Vitiligo is a common chronic skin depigmentation disorder that seriously decreases the patients' overall quality of life. Human blood metabolites could contribute to unraveling the underlying biological mechanisms of vitiligo. We used GWAS summary statistics to assess the causal association between genetically predicted 1400 serum metabolites and vitiligo risk by Mendelian randomization (MR).

The association of serum total bile acids and deep venous thrombosis.

Background And Aim: Bile acid metabolism plays a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance between coagulation and anticoagulation processes. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the relationship between serum total bile acids (TBA) levels and the risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in Chinese individuals. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the association between TBA levels and DVT occurrence in this population.

Role of memantine in adult migraine: a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare memantine with existing migraine preventive medications.

Background: While memantine has been considered a promising drug for migraine prevention, no conclusive evidence exists comparing its efficacy with other migraine-preventive medications. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to access the effectiveness and acceptability of memantine and other guideline-recommended prophylactic agents for migraine.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials databases from their inception to 1 June 2024.

Structural insights into Semiliki forest virus receptor binding modes indicate novel mechanism of virus endocytosis.

The Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) is an entry receptor for the prototypic alphavirus Semliki Forest Virus (SFV). However, the precise mechanisms underlying the entry of SFV into cells mediated by VLDLR remain unclear. In this study, we found that of the eight class A (LA) repeats of the VLDLR, only LA2, LA3, and LA5 specifically bind to the native SFV virion while synergistically promoting SFV cell attachment and entry.

[Salidroside alleviates high glucose and ethanol-induced pyroptosis in insulinoma cells].

This study established a pyroptosis injury model by stimulating insulinoma cells(INS-1) of rats with high glucose(HG) and observed the impact of additional ethanol(ET) exposure on cell pyroptosis, as well as the intervention effect of salidroside(SAL). INS-1 cells were cultured and divided into a normal control group(NG), an HG group, an HG + ET(100 mmol·L~(-1)) group, and an HG + ET + SAL(1-100 μmol·L~(-1)) group. After 72 hours of treatment, cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay.

Effect of 2-Mercapto-1-methylimidazole on the Dual Action of Chemical Mechanical Polishing of Cu and Ta.

When chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of tantalum (Ta)-based barrier layers is done through silicon via (TSV), it is necessary to control the rate selection of copper (Cu) and Ta to prevent the formation of dishing pit formation due to the rapid removal rate (RR) of copper in the via compared to tantalum outside the via. This paper selected 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole (TAMZ) as an inhibitor, which has the dual effect of reducing the RR of Cu and increasing the RR of Ta. The experimental results show that the rate selection ratio of Cu and Ta is up to 2.

Kidney outcomes associated with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to other glucose-lowering drugs: a real-world study from China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between the utilization of Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters inhibitors (SGLT2i) in real-world settings and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in mainland China.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from West China Hospital of Sichuan University, patients with T2D and CKD were included. Patients were divided into two groups, those initiating treatment with SGLT2i and those receiving other glucose-lowering drugs (oGLDs).

Enhancing access to specialist appointments in tertiary healthcare in Shanghai, China: a structured reservation pathway using digital health technologies.

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop, implement the precise reservation path (PRP) and investigate its prediction function for scheduling shunting patients for specialist appointment registration in Shanghai, China.

Design: The PRP system was built on the hospital's existing information system, integrated with WeChat (WeCom) for user convenience. The outcome analysis employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative analysis with statistical and machine learning techniques, including multivariate logistic regression, random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) analysis.

Identification of accident-prone segments using APIU: A case study on highway safety analysis in China.

Objective: This study proposes the accident point interval unit (APIU) method combined with the characteristics of road traffic accidents. The aim is to automatically identify accident aggregation areas, providing basis for highway design and traffic management.

Methods: Historical accident data from a secondary highway in Guizhou Province and an expressway in Guangdong Province over 3 to 4 years were analyzed using APIU to identify accident-prone segments.

[Spatio-temporal Distributions and Source Analysis of Nitrogen in the Surface Water of Dianbu River Basin].

Dianbu River, flowing into the western part of Chaohu Lake, has been heavily polluted, and nitrogen is one of the key factors. During three periods （wet, normal, and dry）, 30 surface water samples were collected from the Dianbu River Basin as the research objects. The water chemistry, multiple stable isotopes （N-NO, O-NO, and N-NH）, and a SIAR mixing model were analyzed not only to understand the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of nitrogen and its influencing factors but also the sources of nitrogen.

Fish-Finder: A robust small target detection method for aquaculture fish in low-quality underwater images.

Underwater fish object detection serves as a pivotal research direction in marine biology, aquaculture management, and computer vision, yet it poses substantial challenges due to the complexity of underwater environments, occultations, and the small-sized and frequently moving fish in aquaculture. Addressing these challenges, we propose a novel underwater fish object detection algorithm named Fish-Finder. First, we engendered a structure titled "C2fBF," utilizing the dual-path routing attention protocol of BiFormer.

Znf706 regulates germ plasm assembly and primordial germ cell development in zebrafish.

The cell fate of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in zebrafish is pre-determined by maternally deposited germ plasm, which is packaged into ribonucleoprotein complex in oocytes and inherited into PGCs-fated cells in embryos. However, the maternal factors regulating the assembly of germ plasm and PGC development remain poorly understood. In this study, we report that the maternal transcription factor Znf706 regulates the assembly of germ plasm factors into a granule-like structure localized perinuclearly in PGCs during migration.

Transcription regulation of African swine fever virus: dual role of M1249L.

African swine fever virus (ASFV), which poses significant risks to the global economy, encodes a unique host-independent transcription system. This system comprises an eight-subunit RNA polymerase (vRNAP), temporally expressed transcription factors and transcript associated proteins, facilitating cross-species transmission via intermediate host. The protein composition of the virion and the presence of transcription factors in virus genome suggest existence of distinct transcription systems during viral infection.