Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals the Metabolic Characteristics and Biomarkers of Antioxidant Properties of Gardeniae Fructus from Different Geographical Origins in China.

Gardeniae Fructus (GF) has been widely used as both food and medicinal purposes for thousands of years, but their antioxidant properties and potential metabolite biomarkers remain unclear. : The purposes of this study were to examine antioxidant activities of 21 GF varieties from different geographical origins in China and identify potential biomarkers of antioxidant properties using an untargeted LC-MS-based metabolomics approach. : The results demonstrate that metabolomics had the ability to trace the geographical origins of GF.

Mitochondrial disease and epilepsy in children.

Mitochondria is the cell's powerhouse. Mitochondrial disease refers to a group of clinically heterogeneous disorders caused by dysfunction in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, often due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA (nDNA) that encodes mitochondrial proteins. This dysfunction can lead to a variety of clinical phenotypes, particularly affecting organs with high energy demands, such as the brain and muscles.

Mannuronate Oligosaccharides Ameliorate Experimental Colitis and Secondary Neurological Dysfunction by Manipulating the Gut-Brain Axis.

Microbiota dysfunction induces intestinal disorders and neurological diseases. Mannuronate oligosaccharides (MAOS), a kind of alginate oligosaccharide (AOS), specifically exert efficacy in shaping gut microbiota and relieving cognitive impairment. However, the key regulatory factors involved, such as the specific strains and metabolites as well as their regulatory mechanisms, remain unclear at present.

A lightweight prosthetic hand with 19-DOF dexterity and human-level functions.

A human hand has 23-degree-of-freedom (DOF) dexterity for managing activities of daily living (ADLs). Current prosthetic hands, primarily driven by motors or pneumatic actuators, fall short in replicating human-level functions, primarily due to limited DOF. Here, we develop a lightweight prosthetic hand that possesses biomimetic 19-DOF dexterity by integrating 38 shape-memory alloy (SMA) actuators to precisely control five fingers and the wrist.

M2 macrophages regulate nucleus pulposus cell extracellular matrix synthesis through the OPN-CD44 axis in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective: Macrophages play a crucial role in various physiological processes. In intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), macrophage infiltration has been observed in human intervertebral disc (IVD) specimens, but how macrophages influence IDD remains unclear.

Methods: According to the single-cell transcriptome expression profiles from GSE165722, we verified the infiltration of macrophages in IDD and the possible interaction between infiltrated macrophages and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs).

Identification of a new fish trypanosome from the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and description of its impact on host pathology, blood biochemical parameters and immune responses.

The aim of this study was to clarify the taxonomic identification of a hemoflagellate and assess the effect of trypanosome infection on Larimichthys crocea. Giemsa staining showed the presence of three morphotypes of trypomastigotes. The trypanosomes had the following morphological characteristics: a slender body with a long flagellum at the front; body size 12.

Single-cell sequencing analysis reveals cancer-associated pericyte subgroup in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to predict prognosis.

Background: The role of cancer-associated pericytes (CAPs) in tumor microenvironment (TME) suggests that they are potential targets for cancer treatment. The mechanism of CAP heterogeneity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear, which has limited the development of treatments for tumors through CAPs. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the classification, function, cellular communication and spatial distribution of CAP subpopulations in ESCC is urgently needed.

Antibody responses in omicron BF.7-infected patients vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2.

Objective: Our study aimed to investigate antibody responses in omicron BF.7-infected patients after being vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: Blood serum samples were collected every 2-7 d, 1 w before infection, during the acute infection period and recovery period, and every month after recovery to detect IgG, IgM, IgA, neutralizing antibodies, and neutralizing antibodies against different omicrons in the acute phase.

Intratonsillar Immunotherapy: A Convenient and Effective Alternative to Subcutaneous Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment that addresses the root cause of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies, but conventional methods face challenges with treatment duration, patient compliance, and adverse effects. In this study, we propose intratonsillar immunotherapy (ITIT) as a new effective and safer route for AIT. Prior to clinical trials, we analyzed tonsil samples from human subjects to assess immune responses, measuring interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-21, total IgE (tIgE), and allergen-specific IgE concentrations using ELISA and BioIC.

Natural products and biological activity from actinomycetes associated with Hook. & Arn.

An endophytic actinomycetes, , was -isolated from the leaves of Hook. et Arn. Five compounds were separated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of endophytic actinomycetes, and their structures were confirmed by utilising methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and literature references.

Silicon photonic convolution operator exploiting on-chip nonlinear activation function.

Nonlinear activation functions (NAFs) are essential in artificial neural networks, enhancing learning capabilities by capturing complex input-output relationships. However, most NAF implementations rely on additional optoelectronic devices or digital computers, reducing the benefits of optical computing. To address this, we propose what we believe to be the first implementation of a nonlinear modulation process using an electro-optic IQ modulator on a silicon photonic convolution operator chip as a novel NAF.

Hysteroscopy combined with laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of omentum majus incarceration secondary to uterine perforation: A case report and literature review.

Cervical dilatation, uterine evacuation, and curettage (D&E&C) are common gynecological procedures for abortion, yet they carry risks of complications such as uterine perforation and intra-abdominal organ incarceration. Here, we report a rare case of a breastfeeding patient who had an embedded abdominal greater omentum in the anterior wall of the uterus and into the uterine cavity during D&E&C. We used combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic treatment for this case and successfully removed the embedded greater omentum.

A clinical study showing the expression characteristics of cuproptosis markers in cases with Wilson disease.

This study investigates levels of cuproptosis markers in Wilson disease (WD) and their role in the occurrence and development of WD. We retrospectively collected clinical data from 76 patients with Leipzig score ≥ 4 hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to September 2023. The participants were given copper chelators (sodium dimercaptosulphonate (20 mg·kg-1), 4 courses of treatment, 32 days).

Academic Pressure and Psychological Imbalance in High School Students: Predictors of Depression via Polynomial Regression and Response Surface Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how the congruence between academic pressure and psychological imbalance affects depressive symptoms in adolescents and to further explore grade-level differences in these effects among high school students.

Methods: The study population consisted of 29,975 high school students from 20 schools in Liuyang City, Hunan Province. The Mental Health Scale for Secondary School Students (MSSMHS) and Self-Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess academic pressure, psychological imbalance and depressive symptoms.

Sacrificial Layer for Sintering Enhancements of Ceramic, Semiconductor, and Metal Films: A Universal Strategy.

The manufacturing of thin films through selective laser sintering of micro/nanoparticles is an emerging technology that has been developing rapidly over the last two decades owing to its digitization, efficiency, and good adaptability to various materials. However, high-quality laser sintering of different materials remains a challenge: ceramic particles are difficult to be sintered due to low absorbance; metallic particles are prone to oxidation; semiconductor particles are difficult to process for performance enhancement due to high stress. In this work, a new approach is proposed that employs an additional Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) sacrificial layer to assist laser sintering of different functional materials, which detaches after sintering without contaminating the target material.

Numerical Study on the Shear Behavior of a Late-Model Cold-Formed Stainless Steel C-Shaped Beam.

The failure mode of thin-walled C-channel beams typically manifests as premature local buckling of the compression flange, leading to insufficient utilization of material strength in both the flange and the web. To address this issue, this study adopts the approach of increasing the number of bends to reinforce the flange and adding V-shaped stiffeners in the middle of the web to reduce the width-to-thickness ratio of the plate elements, thereby delaying local buckling and allowing for greater plastic deformation. However, the challenge lies in the irregular cross-sectional shape and complex buckling patterns.

Apnet: Lightweight network for apricot tree disease and pest detection in real-world complex backgrounds.

Apricot trees, serving as critical agricultural resources, hold a significant role within the agricultural domain. Conventional methods for detecting pests and diseases in these trees are notably labor-intensive. Many conditions affecting apricot trees manifest distinct visual symptoms that are ideally suited for precise identification and classification via deep learning techniques.

Cooperative condensation of RNA-DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION 16 splicing isoforms enhances heat tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Dissecting the mechanisms underlying heat tolerance is important for understanding how plants acclimate to heat stress. Here, we identify a heat-responsive gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, RNA-DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION 16 (RDM16), which encodes a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Knockout mutants of RDM16 are hypersensitive to heat stress, which is associated with impaired splicing of the mRNAs of 18 out of 20 HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (HSF) genes.

Renoprotective effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on acute kidney injury induced by repeated tourniquet application in patients undergoing extremity surgery.

Objective: Limb ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by repeated tourniquet application usually leads to acute kidney injury, adversely affecting patient prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in patients undergoing extremity surgery with repeated tourniquet application.

Methods: 64 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into an RIPC group and a control group, with 32 patients in each.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized pediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: In China many respiratory pathogens stayed low activities amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to strict measures and controls. We here aimed to study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric inpatients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) after the mandatory COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, in comparison to those before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We here included 4,296 pediatric patients with MPP, hospitalized by two medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, from January 2015 to March 2024.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

An emerging aspect of cancer neuroscience: A literature review on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

The nervous system governs both ontogeny and oncology. Foundational discoveries have clarified the direct communication of neurotransmitters with tumors and indirect interactions through neural effects on the immune system and the tumor microenvironment. Meantime, the nervous system is susceptible to cancer and its treatment.

Analyzing the Effect of Surgical and Corneal Parameters on the Postoperative Refractive Outcomes of Smile in Myopic Eyes Based on Machine Learning.

Purpose: To analyze the influence of individual parameters on the postoperative refractive outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in myopic eyes using machine learning.

Design: Retrospective Clinical Cohort Study METHODS: This study included 477 patients (922 eyes) of SMILE and divided them into two groups based on postoperative spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ -0.50D to analyze the factors influencing postoperative refractive outcomes.

OsMYB1 antagonizes OsSPL14 to mediate rice resistance to brown planthopper and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

OsMYB1 negatively mediates rice resistance to brown planthopper and rice blight. Additionally, OsMYB1 interacts with OsSPL14 and antagonizes its function by oppositely regulating downstream resistance-related genes. In their natural habitats, plants are concurrently attacked by different biotic factors.