A T-Cell-Derived 3-Gene Signature Distinguishes SARS-CoV-2 from Common Respiratory Viruses.

Research on the host responses to respiratory viruses could help develop effective interventions and therapies against the current and future pandemics from the host perspective. To explore the pathogenesis that distinguishes SARS-CoV-2 infections from other respiratory viruses, we performed a multi-cohort analysis with integrated bioinformatics and machine learning. We collected 3730 blood samples from both asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, seasonal human coronavirus (sHCoVs), influenza virus (IFV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or human rhinovirus (HRV) across 15 cohorts.

Integrated Wearable System for Monitoring Skeletal Muscle Force of Lower Extremities.

Continuous monitoring of lower extremity muscles is necessary, as the muscles support many human daily activities, such as maintaining balance, standing, walking, running, and jumping. However, conventional electromyography and physiological cross-sectional area methods inherently encounter obstacles when acquiring precise and real-time data pertaining to human bodies, with a notable lack of consideration for user comfort. Benefitting from the fast development of various fabric-based sensors, this paper addresses these current issues by designing an integrated smart compression stocking system, which includes compression garments, fabric-embedded capacitive pressure sensors, an edge control unit, a user mobile application, and cloud backend.

A Real-Time Adaptive Station Beamforming Strategy for Next Generation Phased Array Radio Telescopes.

The next generation phased array radio telescopes, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) low frequency aperture array, suffer from RF interference (RFI) because of the large field of view of antenna element. The classical station beamformer used in SKA-low is resource efficient but cannot deal with the unknown sidelobe RFI. A real-time adaptive beamforming strategy is proposed for SKA-low station, which trades the capability of adaptive RFI nulling at an acceptably cost, it doesn't require hardware redesign but only modifies the firmware accordingly.

Highly Stable, Bending-Tolerant, and Sustainable Flexible Heater through a Scalable Papermaking Procedure.

Flexible electrothermal heaters have attracted abundant attention in recent years due to their wide applications, but their preparation with high efficiency remains a challenge. Here in this work, a highly stable and bending-tolerant flexible heater was fabricated with graphite nanosheets and cellulose fibers through a scalable papermaking procedure. Its electrothermal property can be enhanced by a hot-pressing treatment and introduction of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) during the papermaking protocol.

The Impact of Color Cues on the Learning Performance in Video Lectures.

This study explores the learning effects of color cues in video lectures and their underlying mechanisms. With the rapid growth of online education, lifelong learning, and blended learning, video lectures have become integral to teaching and learning. Color, a crucial element in visual design, directs attention, organizes content, and integrates information.

Causal Effects and Immune Cell Mediators of Prescription Analgesic Use and Risk of Liver Cancer and Precancerosis in European Population: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Diverse clinical observations and basic studies have been conducted to explore the implications of analgesic medications in liver diseases. However, the direct causal relationship between prescription analgesic use (PAU) and the risk of liver cancer and precancerosis remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to reveal the conceivable causal effect of PAU on liver cancer and precancerosis, with immune cells as mediating factors.

Exploring How Antibody Format Drives Clearance from the Brain.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have high binding specificity and affinity, making them attractive for treating brain diseases. However, their effectiveness is limited by poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and rapid central nervous system (CNS) clearance. Our group identified blood-brain barrier modulator (BBBM) peptides that improved mAb penetration across the BBB into the brain.

Allo-Hemodialysis, a Novel Dialytic Treatment Option for Patients with Kidney Failure: Outcomes of Mathematical Modelling, Prototyping, and Testing.

It has been estimated that in 2010, over two million patients with end-stage kidney disease may have faced premature death due to a lack of access to affordable renal replacement therapy, mostly dialysis. To address this shortfall in dialytic kidney replacement therapy, we propose a novel, cost-effective, and low-complexity hemodialysis method called allo-hemodialysis (alloHD). With alloHD, instead of conventional hemodialysis, the blood of a patient with kidney failure flows through the dialyzer's dialysate compartment counter-currently to the blood of a healthy subject (referred to as a "buddy") flowing through the blood compartment.

Improving the management of type 2 diabetes in China using a multifaceted digital health intervention in primary health care: the SMARTDiabetes cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: There is limited evidence, mainly from high-income countries, that digital health interventions improve type 2 diabetes (T2DM) care. Large-scale implementation studies are lacking.

Methods: A multifaceted digital health intervention comprising: (1) a self-management application ('app') for patients and lay 'family health promotors' (FHPs); and (2) clinical decision support for primary care doctors was evaluated in an open-label, parallel, cluster randomized controlled trial in 80 communities (serviced by a primary care facility for >1000 residents) in Hebei Province, China.

Predicting high-risk pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension: an echocardiographic multiparameter scoring index.

Background: The risk stratification of pulmonary arterial hypertension proposed by the European Society of Cardiology /European Respiratory Society guidelines in 2015 and 2022 included two to three echocardiographic indicators. However, the specific value of echocardiography in risk stratification of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (pcPH) has not been efficiently demonstrated. Given the complex geometry of the right ventricular (RV) and influencing factors of echocardiographic parameter, there is no single echocardiographic parameter that reliably informs about PH status.

Development and validation of radiology-clinical statistical and machine learning model for stroke-associated pneumonia after first intracerebral haemorrhage.

Background: Society is burdened with stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) complicates clinical manifestations of stroke. In this study, we redefined the CSVD burden score and incorporated it into a novel radiological-clinical prediction model for SAP.

Disturbance of bile acids profile aggravates the diarrhea induced by capecitabine through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Introduction: Diarrhea is the primary dose-limiting side effect of capecitabine(Cap) hindering its clinical application, but the mechanism is unclear. Clarifying this mechanism may enhance the patient compliance and improve the treatment outcome.

Objectives: To assess if the endogenous metabolic profile could prodict the diarrhea induced by Cap and explore and validate underlying mechanisms.

S1P/S1PR1 signaling is involved in the development of nociceptive pain.

Background: Pain is a complex perception involving unpleasant somatosensory and emotional experiences. However, the underlying mechanisms that mediate its different components remain unclear. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a metabolite of sphingomyelin and a potent lipid mediator, initiates signaling via G protein-coupled receptors (S1PRs) on cell surfaces.

Construction of Porous Aromatic Frameworks with Specifically Designed Motifs for Charge Storage and Transport.

ConspectusPorous frameworks possess high porosity and adjustable functions. The two features conjointly create sufficient interfaces for matter exchange and energy transfer within the skeletons. For crystalline porous frameworks, including metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), their long-range ordered structures indeed play an important role in managing versatile physicochemical behaviors such as electron transfer or band gap engineering.

Shallow water seeding cultivation enhances cold tolerance in tobacco seedlings.

Cold stress can impact plant biology at both the molecular and morphological levels. We cultivated two different types of tobacco seedlings using distinct seeding methods, observing significant differences in their cold tolerance at 4 °C. After 12 h cold stress, shallow water seeding cultivation treatment demonstrates a relatively good growth state with slight wilting of the leaves.

Numerical simulation and experimental study on forming of pentaprism directional MEFP.

Explosively formed projectile (EFP) has the advantages of high flight speed, high burst height, insensitivity to initial velocity, etc. To study the forming performance of multiple explosively formed projectile (MEFP) and to analyze the factors influencing the forming results. A directional pentagonal prism MEFP with five liners is proposed in this paper.

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Apolipoprotein A-I.

Apolipoprotein A-I(ApoA-I) is a member of blood apolipoproteins, it is the main component of High density lipoprotein(HDL). ApoA-I undergoes a series of complex processes from its generation to its composition as spherical HDL. It not only has a cholesterol reversal transport function, but also has a function in modulating the inflammatory response.

No Difference in Short-Term Surgical Outcomes from Semaglutide Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus after Cervical Decompression and Fusion: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of semaglutide treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) on the risk of short-term (<6 months) postoperative complications in patients undergoing primary cervical spine decompression and fusion (CSDF).

Summary Of Background Data: Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, is gaining popularity as a weekly injectable medication for the treatment of T2DM and obesity.

Olig2-enriched exosomes: A novel therapeutic approach for cuprizone-induced demyelination.

The research aims to study the therapeutic impact of HEK293-XPack-Olig2 cell-derived exosomes on remyelination of the corpus callosum in a cuprizone-induced demyelinating disease model. A lentiviral vector expressing Olig2 was constructed using XPack technology. The highly abundant Olig2 exosomes (ExoOs) were isolated by centrifugation for subsequent experiments.

Electrochemical deoxygenative amination of stabilized alkyl radicals from activated alcohols.

Alkylamine structures represent one of the most functional and widely used in organic synthesis and drug design. However, the general methods for the functionalization of the shielded and deshielded alkyl radicals remain elusive. Here, we report a general deoxygenative amination protocol using alcohol-derived carbazates and nitrobenzene under electrochemical conditions.

PGD 2 /DP1 axis promotes liver regeneration by secreting Wnt2 in KCs in mice.

Background And Aims: The liver possesses a remarkable regenerative capacity in response to injuries or viral infections. Various growth factors and cytokines are involved in regulating liver regeneration. Prostaglandin D 2 , a pro-resolution lipid mediator, is the most abundant hepatic prostanoid.

A viral effector blocks the turnover of a plant NLR receptor to trigger a robust immune response.

Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) play a key role in activating a strong pathogen defense response. Plant NLR proteins are tightly regulated and accumulate at very low levels in the absence of pathogen effectors. However, little is known about how this low level of NLR proteins is able to induce robust immune responses upon recognition of pathogen effectors.