Suppression of Sepsis Cytokine Storm by Escherichia Coli Cell Wall-Derived Carbon Dots.

Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection, often involving the translocation of Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) into the bloodstream, triggering a cytokine storm. Despite its severity, no effective drugs currently exist for sepsis treatment.

Application of IgH EtherCAT Master for Ultra-Precision Motion Control of Precision Axes.

The EtherCAT fieldbus system is widely applied in different types of computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tools due to its outstanding communication performance. In the field of ultra-precision CNC, some machine tools employ controllers that integrate EtherCAT master functionality to achieve real-time communication with other devices; however, the open-source IgH EtherCAT master has rarely been applied to the CNC systems of ultra-precision machine tools. The feasibility of using the IgH EtherCAT master to meet the communication performance requirements of ultra-precision machine tools remains uncertain; therefore, it is necessary to validate the control effect on precision axes under the application of the IgH EtherCAT master.

Differences in oral microbiota associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus between the Dai and Han populations.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development is closely linked to microbiota, influenced by geography, ethnicity, gender, and age. While the relationship between oral microbiota and T2DM has been explored, specific microbiota associated with T2DM in the Dai and Han populations remains unclear. This study aims to compare oral microbiota differences and identify keystone species between these populations, both with and without T2DM.

Reconceptualizing Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in atherosclerosis: Signaling pathways and prospective targeting strategies.

Background: The modification of endothelial cells (ECs) biological function under pathogenic conditions leads to the expression of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) markers, defined as endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Invisible in onset and slow in progression, atherosclerosis (AS) is a potential contributor to various atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). By triggering AS, EndMT, the "initiator" of AS, induces the progression of ASCVD such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) and ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICD), with serious clinical complications such as myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke.

Water regulation weakens the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality: Insights from a highly managed Chinese lake.

Water diversions can mitigate water scarcities by strategically reallocating water resources. Despite their benefits, these interventions may profoundly affect biodiversity and multiple ecological functions ("multifunctionality") within highly managed lake systems. However, the specific impact of such interventions on the relationship between biodiversity and multifunctionality remains elusive, which limits our grasp of how water regulation shapes the dynamics of managed lake ecosystems.

Intravenous liposomal irinotecan in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer after ≥ 2 prior lines of chemotherapy: a phase Ib study.

This study (NCT04728035) aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of liposomal irinotecan (HE072) in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This study consisted of two parts. In part 1, the 3 + 3 design was used to investigate three dose levels of HE072 (50, 70 and 90 mg/m).

DFedGFM: Pursuing global consistency for Decentralized Federated Learning via global flatness and global momentum.

To tackle high communication costs and privacy issues in Centralized Federated Learning (CFL), Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) is an alternative. However, a significant discrepancy exists between local updates and the expected global update, known as client drift, which arises from inconsistency and heterogeneous data. Previous research in the DFL field has focused on local information during client updates, without considering global information, which fails to alleviate the client drift issue.

Preparation of poly(l-lactic acid) antibacterial film based on surface grafting of modified chitosan and its preservation effect on chilled beef.

Chilled beef is a perishable food product. Due to the broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties of chitosan, and the biodegradability of PLLA, chitosan and PLLA are introduced double bonding groups to obtain Chitosan-graft-Glycidyl methacrylate (Cs-g-GMA) and Poly(L-lactic acid)-co-poly(butylene itaconate) (PLBI), respectively. Cs-g-GMA is then grafted onto the surface of PLBI films by UV curing to produce PLBI/Cs-g-GMA films with non-migratory, broad-spectrum antimicrobial, biodegradable, and possess good oxygen barrier properties, compared to current antimicrobial films.

Bacillus licheniformis B410 Alleviates Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Salmonella by Inhibiting NF-κB and IRF Signaling Pathways in Macrophages.

Foodborne bacterial enteritis is a common clinical disease, and its incidence has risen globally. To screen for functional Bacillus strains with anti-inflammatory properties, tolerance to acid and bile salts, and antagonism against Salmonella, 22 strains of Bacillus were employed as candidate strains in this study. An inflammatory cell model was established using J774-Dual NF-κB/IRF reporter macrophages to identify anti-inflammatory Bacillus.

Effects of drought and salt stress on the root phenotype of wheat seedlings and underlying gene expression analysis.

In our previous study, three genes highly expressed in the roots of wheat were screened. To explore the effects of adverse stresses on the wheat root phenotype and the expression of , and , we measured the phenotypic parameters of the JM22 root system at the seedling stage after treatment with different concentrations of NaCl and PEG6000. Additionally, the relative expression levels of TaPSK3, TaPSK9, and TaPSK10 were analyzed via RT-qPCR within 72 h of treatment with 150 mM NaCl and 30% PEG6000.

Development of a predictive model for immune‑related adverse events in patients with cancer.

It is crucial to accurately identify patients with cancer at high risk for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The present retrospective study analyzed the risk factors for irAEs in 992 patients with cancer treated with ICIs at Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023. The patients were categorized into one group that experienced irAEs (n=276) and a control group (n=716) based on the occurrence of irAEs.

CAF-derived exosome-miR-3124-5p promotes malignant biological processes in NSCLC via the TOLLIP/TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway.

Background: Lung cancer is a life-threatening disease that occurs worldwide, but is especially common in China. The crucial role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has attracted recent attention. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main factors that contribute to the TME function, and CAF exosomes are closely linked to NSCLC.

Influence of continuous fertilization on heavy metals accumulation and microorganism communities in greenhouse soils under 22 years of long-term manure organic fertilizer experiment.

This study examined the impact of long-term manure organic fertilizer application (3, 8, 13, 18, and 22 years) on soil physicochemical properties, heavy metal (HM) accumulation, and microbial communities. Long-term manure application markedly elevated nutrient levels such as available N, P and K, and organic matter content in surface and soil profile. Total and DTPA-HM content in different vertical profiles increased with the application time.

Assessing the ecological effects of the World's Largest Forestry Eco-engineering: Three-North Protective Forest Program within the initially scheduled range from 1978 to 2022.

China's Three-North Protective Forest Program (TNP) is the world's most ambitious afforestation project (ongoing from 1978 to 2050), which aims to increase forest coverage through afforestation and reforestation, protect agriculture, reduce soil erosion, and control desertification. Although TNP has been ongoing for 45 years, its rationales and effects remain uncertain. Here, we conducted a range-wide assessment of TNP by analyzing data from >10,000 scenes of satellite images and >50,000 field survey plots.

Recent advances of bioaerogels in medicine: Preparation, property and application.

Bioaerogels represent a type of three-dimensional porous materials fabricated from natural biopolymers, and show a significant potential for medical application due to their characteristics of extremely low density, high specific surface area, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. The preparation method and parameters of bioaerogels are focused on, and their influence on the structure and properties of bioaerogels are discussed in detail. Then, to match the properties of bioaerogels with the medical applications, this work emphasizes the main properties (including biocompatibility, degradability, and mechanical properties), structural parameters (such as suitable porosity, pore size and high specific surface area), and further summarizes the influence of single-component and composite bioaerogels on their properties.

Patterns in coarse root decomposition of woody plants: effects of climate, root quality, mycorrhizal associations and phylogeny.

Coarse roots represent a globally important belowground carbon pool, but the factors controlling coarse root decomposition rates remain poorly understood relative to other plant biomass components. We compiled the most comprehensive dataset of coarse root decomposition data including 148 observations from 60 woody species, and linked coarse root decomposition rates to plant traits, phylogeny and climate to address questions of the dominant controls on coarse root decomposition. We found that decomposition rates increased with mean annual temperature, root nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations.

Relieving Depressive Symptoms Through Chinese Relational Culture Among Older Adults with Multimorbidity: Evidence from CHARLS.

Background: Depressive symptoms and multimorbidity are global public health concerns, the relationship between the two variables remains unclear. This study was an intervention attempt through the lens of regional relational culture to identify and reduce adverse consequences of this relationship. We aimed to explore the prevalence of multimorbidity and depressive symptoms among older Chinese adults, the association between the two variables, and the underlying moderating mechanism.

Advancing Succinic Acid Biomanufacturing Using the Nonconventional Yeast .

Succinic acid is an essential bulk chemical with wide-ranging applications in materials, food, and pharmaceuticals. With the advancement of biotechnology, there has been a surge in focus on low-carbon sustainable microbial synthesis methods for producing biobased succinic acid. Due to its high intrinsic acid tolerance, has gained recognition as a competitive chassis for the industrial manufacture of succinic acid.

Patient-reported quality of life in Asian patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer treated with palbociclib plus letrozole in the PALOMA-4 trial.

Background: Palbociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor is approved for treatment of patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC). In the PALOMA-4 trial, adding palbociclib to letrozole prolonged median progression-free survival in Asian women with ER+/HER2- ABC. Here, we report patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from PALOMA-4.

Preoperative 3D printing planning technology combined with orthopedic surgical robot-assisted minimally invasive screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures: a retrospective study.

Objective: To explore the advantages and effectiveness of preoperative 3D printing planning technology combined with orthopedic surgical robot-assisted screw placement in the minimally invasive treatment of pelvic fractures compared to orthopedic surgical robot-assisted screw placement alone.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 29 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated with orthopedic surgical robot-assisted percutaneous screw fixation from July 2021 to August 2023 was conducted. Among them, 13 patients who underwent preoperative 3D printing technology for screw planning were assigned to the experimental group, and the remaining 16 patients were assigned to the control group.

Combined usage of ligand- and structure-based virtual screening in the artificial intelligence era.

Drug design has always been pursuing techniques with time- and cost-benefits. Virtual screening, generally classified as ligand-based (LBVS) and structure-based (SBVS) approaches, could identify active compounds in the large chemical library to reduce time and cost. Owing to the intrinsic flaws and complementary nature of both approaches, continued efforts have been made to combine them to mitigate limitations.

ALG13-Related Epilepsy: Current Insights and Future Research Directions.

The ALG13 gene encodes a subunit of the uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) transferase enzyme, which plays a key role in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. This pathway involves the attachment of carbohydrate structures to asparagine (Asn) residues in proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum, by which N-glycosylated proteins produced participate a wide range of processes such as electrical gradients formation and neurotransmission. Mutations in the ALG13 gene have been identified as a causative factor for congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and have been frequently associated with epilepsy in affected individuals.

Prevention of Intrauterine Adhesion with Platelet-Rich Plasma Double-Network Hydrogel.

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) can negatively impact on pregnancy outcomes, leading to reduced pregnancy rates, secondary infertility, and an increased risk of pregnancy complications. Studies have shown that the application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in IUA patients is effective. However, the clinical readhesive rate of IUA after treatment is still high, especially in severe cases.

Metabolic Nanoregulators Induce Ferroptosis and Change Metabolite Flow to Reverse Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment.

Aberrant energy and substance metabolic pathways of tumor cells critically support tumor cell proliferation by hijacking the resources from nonmalignant cells, thereby establishing a metabolite flow favorable to tumor progression. This metabolic adaptation of tumor cells further modulates the immune landscape, ultimately creating a tumor microenvironment characterized by drug resistance and immunosuppression. The synergistic regulation of energy and substance metabolic pathways might be a good antitumor therapeutic paradigm.