DRTN: Dual Relation Transformer Network with feature erasure and contrastive learning for multi-label image classification.

The objective of multi-label image classification (MLIC) task is to simultaneously identify multiple objects present in an image. Several researchers directly flatten 2D feature maps into 1D grid feature sequences, and utilize Transformer encoder to capture the correlations of grid features to learn object relationships. Although obtaining promising results, these Transformer-based methods lose spatial information.

Metabolism Plasticity on Account of 10 Promotes Poplar Growth under Altered Nitrogen Regimes.

Improving poplar productivity across a wide spectrum of nitrogen conditions is a primary objective in poplar breeding. In this research, we engineered transgenic poplars to overexpress the () gene. The results showed that these transgenic plantlets significantly outperformed the wild-type control in terms of growth under both nitrogen-poor and nitrogen-rich conditions, exhibiting increased biomass, height, and root development.

Heterogeneous occurrence of evergreen broad-leaved forests in East Asia: Evidence from plant fossils.

Evergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs) are widely distributed in East Asia and play a vital role in ecosystem stability. The occurrence of these forests in East Asia has been a subject of debate across various disciplines. In this study, we explored the occurrence of East Asian EBLFs from a paleobotanical perspective.

Artificial Intelligence Iterative Reconstruction for Dose Reduction in Pediatric Chest CT: A Clinical Assessment via Below 3 Years Patients With Congenital Heart Disease.

Purpose: To assess the performance of a newly introduced deep learning-based reconstruction algorithm, namely the artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction (AIIR), in reducing the dose of pediatric chest CT by using the image data of below 3-year-old patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Materials And Methods: The lung image available from routine-dose cardiac CT angiography (CTA) on below 3 years patients with CHD was employed as a reference for evaluating the paired low-dose chest CT. A total of 191 subjects were prospectively enrolled, where the dose for chest CT was reduced to ~0.

SAA3 deficiency exacerbates intestinal fibrosis in DSS-induced IBD mouse model.

Intestinal fibrosis, as a late-stage complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leads to bowel obstruction and requires surgical intervention, significantly lowering the quality of life of affected patients. SAA3, a highly conserved member of the serum amyloid A (SAA) apolipoprotein family in mice, is synthesized primarily as an acute phase reactant in response to infection, inflammation and trauma. An increasing number of evidence suggests that SAA3 exerts a vital role in the fibrotic process, even though the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully comprehended.

Maternal Glycemia and Its Pattern Associated with Offspring Neurobehavioral Development: A Chinese Birth Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: This study investigates the impact of maternal glycemic levels during early and late pregnancy on offspring neurodevelopment in China.

Methods: Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured in maternal blood during pregnancy, and the TyG index was calculated to assess insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia was defined as FPG > 5.

An Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Upadacitinib in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter Real-World Study.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) requires effective treatment options. Upadacitinib, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor, has shown effectiveness in trials for Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study evaluates its real-world effectiveness and safety.

PCSK9 exacerbates sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammatory response and apoptosis by up-regulating cGAS-STING signal.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a postoperative complication that can be induced by anaesthesia. PCSK9 has been shown to have a role in neuronal development and apoptosis. However, PCSK9 has not been studied in sevoflurane-induced POCD-related disorders.

Dysregulation of LINC01094 is involved in the pathogenesis of pulpitis by regulating the miR-340-5p expression.

Pulpitis seriously affects people's living standards and dental health, so identifying effective therapeutic targets is crucial for pulpitis. The research aimed to explore the underlying regulatory mechanism of LINC01094 and miR-340-5p in pulpitis. The study involved a total of 173 subjects (97 pulpitis and 76 healthy individuals).

Breast Tumor Detection and Diagnosis Using an Improved Faster R-CNN in DCE-MRI.

AI-based breast cancer detection can improve the sensitivity and specificity of detection, especially for small lesions, which has clinical value in realizing early detection and treatment so as to reduce mortality. The two-stage detection network performs well; however, it adopts an imprecise ROI during classification, which can easily include surrounding tumor tissues. Additionally, fuzzy noise is a significant contributor to false positives.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the changes of the pulmonary immune environment in rat after L. treatment.

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Wogonin effects on the efflux transporters BCRP and MRP2, explain its effectiveness in ulcerative colitis: Implications for metabolic and transport interactions.

Wogonin is a flavonoid with efficacy in ulcerative colitis (UC), while the mechanism of its action remains to be fully elucidated. Previous research has indicated that the triple recycling significantly enhances the bioavailability of flavonoids. The efflux transporters, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) are critical regulatory molecules within the enterohepatic triple recycling pathways.

FGF19-Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells Release ANGPTL4 that Promotes Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis.

Liver and lung are the most common metastatic sites in colorectal cancer (CRC), where the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Understanding the interactions between various types of cells in the TME can suggest innovative therapeutic strategies. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and clinical samples, fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19, rodent FGF15) is found to mediate a significant interaction between CRC cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), activating the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)-to-CAFs differentiation.

Comparative Proteomics and -Glycoproteomics Reveal the Effects of Different Plasma Protein Enrichment Technologies.

Human plasma proteomic and glycoproteomic analyses have emerged as an alternate avenue to identify disease biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. However, the vast number of high-abundance proteins in plasma can cause mass spectrometry (MS) suppression, which makes it challenging to detect low-abundance proteins (LAP). Currently, immunoaffinity-based depletion methods and strategies involving nanomaterial protein coronas have been developed to remove high-abundance proteins (HAP) and enhance the depth of plasma protein identification.

Promoted metabolic remolding by overexpression of AspAT9 ameliorates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that poses a serious threat to crop safety and human health. Aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) is a prime enzyme engaged in amino acid metabolism, contributing essential metabolic substances for plant growth and acclimatization to various stresses. In this study, we identified a novel AspAT9 gene with high responsiveness to Cd stress from poplar 'Nanlin895' and subsequently transformed it into Arabidopsis.

FS-YOLOv9: A Frequency and Spatial Feature-Based YOLOv9 for Real-time Breast Cancer Detection.

Rationale And Objectives: Breast cancer screening is critical for reducing mortality rates. YOLOv9, a new real-time object-detection model, is ideal for cancer screening. A customized YOLOv9 model with enhancements for detecting breast cancer on the basis of species and morphological diversity has potential clinical significance.

Postpartum Renal Cortical Necrosis: A Case Series.

Rationale & Objective: Postpartum renal cortical necrosis (postpartum RCN) is a severe form of obstetric acute kidney injury. This study aimed to identify clinicopathologic features in Chinese postpartum RCN cases to determine how pathologic findings may contribute to the treatment and prognosis.

Study Design: Single-center, case series.

Structure and luminescence characteristics of self-activated vanadate garnet phosphors.

Vanadate phosphors include [VO] tetrahedra with symmetry. Due to the charge transfer (CT) between V-O, the phosphor with [VO] tetrahedra exhibits strong emission in the visible region and can effectively absorb ultraviolet (UV) light. Garnet structured vanadate phosphors have attracted much attention due to their easily controllable composition.

Study on the applicability of FAI linear fitting model in the extraction of cyanobacterial blooms.

Currently, more and more lakes around the world are experiencing outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms, and high-precision and rapid monitoring of the spatial distribution of algae in water bodies is an important task. Remote sensing technology is one of the effective means for monitoring algae in water bodies. Studies have shown that the Floating Algae Index (FAI) is superior to methods such as the Standardized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) in monitoring cyanobacterial blooms.

Ultrahigh On/Off Ratio (110) Diamond Transistors with Exceptional Reproducibility of Normally Off Characteristics.

The development of monolithic integrated energy-efficient complementary circuits is crucial for the large-scale application of wide bandgap semiconductor-based high-frequency and high-power field-effect transistors (FETs). However, the inferior performance of p-channel FETs attributed to low hole density and mobility presents a substantial challenge. Diamond is a promising candidate due to its excellent comprehensive electrical properties and high thermal conductivity.