Disrupting the Crystal Growth of Corrosion Byproducts to Stabilize Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries.

There is a key missing point in the research field of zinc metal batteries (ZMBs); that is, no one pays attention to the crystal growth of byproducts. In this paper, from the perspective of crystallography, a method of disturbing the crystal growth of corrosion byproducts is proposed to improve the serious water-related corrosion in ZMBs. In consideration of the thermodynamics and dynamics of crystallization, the corrosion inhibitor (CI) molecules are introduced to envelop the active growth sites of byproduct crystals and increase the surface free energy change (Δ), thus leading to a positive free energy change (Δ) unfavorable for crystal formation and growth.

Reverse Potts shunt in severe pulmonary hypertension: A 20-year retrospective review.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a multifactorial heterogeneous condition characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure, leading to increased right ventricular afterload and ultimately resulting in right heart failure. Despite major advances in the management of pediatric PAH in recent years with the development of PAH-specific drug therapy and therapeutic strategies, prognosis still remains unsatisfactory for many children. The Potts shunt, as a palliation in patients with cyanotic congenital heart defects first, receives its 'second life' in treating PAH by creating a shunt between the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta to alleviate right heart burden.

Maximizing Available Active Hydrogen on FeNi Substitutional Solid-Solution Alloy to Boost Electrosynthesis of Ammonia from Nitrate.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) stands out as a promising route for sustainable ammonia synthesis, in which active hydrogen (*H) plays a crucial role in both the deoxygenation and hydrogenation steps. However, the regulation of surface *H is still overlooked, and without intervention, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction is kinetically more favored over the NORR, leaving the current system as far from satisfactory. Herein, based on reverse utilization of the Sabatier principle, a series of FeNi substitutional solid-solution alloys (SSAs) are synthesized to manipulate *H behavior for enhanced NORR.

Creating Ferroelectricity and Ultrahigh-Density Polar Skyrmion in Paraelectric Perovskite Oxide Monolayers by Moiré Engineering.

Atomic-scale polar topologies such as skyrmions offer important potential as technological paradigms for future electronic devices. Despite recent advances in the exploration of topological domains in complicated perovskite oxide superlattices, these exotic ferroic orders are unavoidably disrupted at the atomic scale due to intrinsic size effects. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we propose a new strategy to design robust ferroelectricity in atomically thin films by properly twisting 2 monolayers of centrosymmetric SrTiO.

Alleviating O-Intermediates Adsorption Strength over PdRhCu Ternary Metallene via Ligand Effect for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction in Practical PEMFCs.

Expediting the torpid kinetics of the acidic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a crucial yet formidable challenge toward advancing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) for commercialization. The cutting-edge Pd-based nanomaterials for acidic ORR are hindered by their low intrinsic activities and significant CO poisoning, stemming from the challenge of simultaneously optimizing surface adsorption toward various adsorbates. Herein, we introduce an ultrathin PdRhCu ternary metallene (PdRhCu metallene) for boosting acidic ORR in PEMFC.

Quaternary Medium-Entropy Alloy Metallene with Strong Charge Polarization for Highly Selective Urea Electrosynthesis from Carbon Dioxide and Nitrate.

Electrochemical urea synthesis via the coreduction of CO and NO is a sustainable alternative to the traditional Bosch-Meiser process. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics usually result in a low efficiency. Herein, we designed a kind of quaternary PdCuCoZn medium-entropy alloy (MEA) metallene for highly selective urea electrosynthesis.

The state-of-the-art in cardiac MRI reconstruction: Results of the CMRxRecon challenge in MICCAI 2023.

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides detailed and quantitative evaluation of the heart's structure, function, and tissue characteristics with high-resolution spatial-temporal imaging. However, its slow imaging speed and motion artifacts are notable limitations. Undersampling reconstruction, especially data-driven algorithms, has emerged as a promising solution to accelerate scans and enhance imaging performance using highly under-sampled data.

Clofarabine induces tumor cell apoptosis, GSDME-related pyroptosis, and CD8 T-cell antitumor activity via the non-canonical P53/STING pathway.

Background: Clofarabine (Clo) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia; however, its effects on solid tumors remain largely unknown.

Methods: In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated the cytotoxic effects of Clo on melanoma and lung cancer. The molecular mechanisms of Clo-induced tumor cell death were analyzed using western blotting, ELISA, reverse transcription-PCR, immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP), short hairpin RNA, co-culture, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and flow cytometry.

Regulation of Coordination Chemistry To Accelerate Na Transfer Kinetics of Polyanionic Cathodes for Ultrastable Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Alluaudite-type iron-based sulfate structure (NaFe(SO)) has attracted wide attention due to its high working voltage and low cost. However, their practical application is hindered by challenges such as limited reversible capacity and sluggish transfer kinetics. Herein, we proposed an anion substitution strategy to optimize iron-based sulfate cathode materials.

De novo biosynthesis of quercetin in Yarrowia Lipolytica through systematic metabolic engineering for enhanced yield.

Kaempferol and quercetin possess various biological activities, making them valuable in food and medicine. However, their production via traditional methods is often inefficient. This study aims to address this gap by engineering the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to achieve high yields of these flavonoids.

The correlation study between posterior fossa crowding and classical trigeminal neuralgia.

Objective: To explore the correlation between posterior fossa crowding and the occurrence of classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Methods: A total of 60 patients diagnosed with classical TN and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included as a control group for a case-control study. All subjects underwent high-resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations (including 3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF MRA sequences).

Effects of bright light therapy on cingulate cortex dynamic functional connectivity and neurotransmitter activity in young adults with subthreshold depression.

Background: The neurobiological mechanisms behind the antidepressant effect of bright light therapy (BLT) are unclear. We aimed to explore the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) changes of the cingulate cortex (CC) in subthreshold depression (StD).

Methods: The StD participants (38 BLT and 39 placebo) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and mood assessment before and after eight-week BLT.

Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma following curative resection: A randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background And Aims: The role of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for HCC following curative resection remains controversial. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant TACE in patients with HCC​​​​​.

Approach And Results: In this randomized phase 3 trial, histologically confirmed patients with HCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM stage I and II) were randomly assigned (1:1) to adjuvant TACE or observation groups.

Ferroptosis and tumor immunity.

Ferroptosis is a unique form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, with regulatory mechanisms involving metabolic dysregulation and imbalance in redox systems. Ferroptosis is closely related to various immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment, including both anti-tumor and pro-tumor immune cells, and it demonstrates significant potential in tumor immunotherapy. A systematic review of the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and its relationship with immune cells can provide deeper insights into its application prospects in tumor immunotherapy.

Imine-Linked 3D Covalent Organic Framework Membrane Featuring Highly Charged Sub-1 nm Channels for Exceptional Lithium-Ion Sieving.

Coupling ion exclusion and interaction screening within sub-nanoconfinement channels in novel porous material membranes hold great potential to realize highly efficient ion sieving, particularly for high-performance lithium-ion extraction. Diverse kinds of advanced membranes have been previously reported to realize this goal but with moderate performance and complex operations gained. Herein, these issues are circumvented by preparing the consecutive and intact imine-linked three-dimensional covalent organic framework (i.

Identifying Upper d-Band Edge as Activity Descriptor for Ammonia Oxidation on PtCo Alloys in Low-Temperature Direct Ammonia Fuel Cells.

Low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC) stands out as a more secure technology than the hydrogen fuel cell system, while there is still a lack of elegant bottom-up synthesis procedures for efficient ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) electrocatalysts. The widely accepted d-band center, even with consideration of the d-band width, usually fails to describe variations in AOR reactivity in many practical conditions, and a more accurate activity descriptor is necessary for a less empirical synthesis path. Herein, the upper d-band edge, ε, derived from the d-band model, is identified as an effective descriptor for accurately establishing the descriptor-activity relationship.

Psychometric evaluation of the chinese version of transgender congruence scale.

Background: In China, research on the mental health of transgender populations is increasingly prevalent; however, there is a lack of localized psychological measurement tools that align with the characteristics of this population. The Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) is widely used internationally. This study aims to assess the reliability, validity, and psychometric characteristics of the Chinese version of the TCS among the Chinese transgender sample.

Defective UIO66 metal-organic framework nanoparticles assisted by cascade isothermal amplification technology for the detection of aflatoxin B1.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exhibits significant toxicity and pose a serious threat to food safety, environmental hygiene, and public health even in trace amounts. Hence, the development of a rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection technology has become a pivotal aspect of ensuring control standards. In this study, we introduce the UIO66 and two defective dichloroacetic acid@UIO66 (DCA@UIO66, DU) metal-organic framework nanoparticles, named DU1 and DU2, characterized by different defect levels.

Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (T) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T.

Purpose: Evaluate the feasibility of quantification of Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the 2nd rotating frame (RAFF2) relaxation times in the human myocardium at 3 T.

Methods: mapping was performed using a breath-held ECG-gated acquisition of five images: one without preparation, three preceded by RAFF2 trains of varying duration, and one preceded by a saturation prepulse. Pixel-wise maps were obtained after three-parameter exponential fitting.

Risk Factors, Manifestations, and Implications of Chyle Leak -Following Pancreatic Surgery: The Volume May Outweigh the Milky Appearance of the Drainage in a Chyle Leak.

Objective: To identify the risk factors, manifestations, and clinical implications of chyle leak (CL) after pancreatic surgery, and to reappraise the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition and classification of CL.

Summary Background Data: The risk factors, clinical scenarios, and management of CL after pancreatic surgery remain controversial.

Methods: Data from patients who underwent pancreatic surgery between January 2019 and July 2023 were retrieved from an institutional database.

Optimizing Si─O Conjugation to Enhance Interfacial Kinetics for Low-Temperature Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries.

With the growing demand for high-voltage and wide-temperature range applications of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the requirements for electrolytes have become increasingly stringent. While fluorination engineering has enhanced the performance of traditional solvent systems, it has also raised concerns regarding cost, environmental hazards, and low reduction stability. Through strategic molecular bond design, a novel class of low-temperature (LT) solvents-siloxanes-is identified, meeting the demands of LT and high-voltage applications in LIBs.

Ligand Effect-Induced Electronic Structure Manipulation of Media-Entropy Alloy for Remarkable Stability over 50,000 Cycles in Oxygen Reduction.

Modulating the "trade-off" between activity and durability of Pd-based alloys while eliminating the dissolution of the nonprecious metal element issue is highly significant for the advancement of commercializing anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, by harmonizing composition and ligand effects and targeting the stability concerns of Pd-based alloys, we propose PdRhNi ternary medium-entropy-alloy (MEA) networks (PdRhNi ANs) as exceptionally efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts via ligand effect. The results of theoretical calculations provide compelling evidence that the ligand effect of Ni in PdRhNi ANs, which can endow an inductive effect to reshape the electronic configuration to induce a reduced energy barrier in the rate-determining steps, optimizes the adsorption energy of O-related intermediates and lowers the d-band center of metal species, collectively boosting the anti-CO capacity and the ORR efficiency.