Organic acid-enhanced production of hydroxyl radicals during HO-based chemical oxidation for the remediation of contaminated soil.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO)-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) is widely used for remediating contaminated groundwater and soil. However, its effectiveness can be limited by a low efficiency of HO utilization, leading to increased costs. In this study, we showed that ascorbic acid (AA), citric acid, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (used for comparison) significantly increased OH production (by 2.

Isotopic and compositional constraints on the source of basalt collected from the lunar far side.

Volcanism on the Moon has produced surface basalt deposits, which record lunar interior processes. The Chang'e-6 mission retrieved samples from the South Pole-Aitken basin (SPA) on the Moon's far side. We analyze basalt fragments collected by Chang'e-6, finding their composition resembles low-Ti basalts previously sampled by the Apollo missions.

Analysis of left anterior segmental bronchovascular patterns and its benefits for surgical implications: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Sublobar surgeries involving the left anterior segment of the lung can be challenging due to its central location within the left upper lobe (LUL) and among multi-segments. However, there have been no reports specifically analysing the anatomical patterns of this segment. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the subsegmental bronchovascular patterns and relationship between variations and surgical strategies.

Pore-scale visualization of LNAPL displacement by chemical agents in heterogeneous groundwater system.

The remediation of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) from groundwater remains a critical environmental challenge, particularly in heterogeneous aquifers. Existing remediation techniques often struggle with low-permeability zones, limiting their effectiveness. In this study, we developed and validated a microfluidic platform to simulate heterogeneous porous media and evaluate the performance of four chemical agents, including the green bio-solvent Cyrene.

Response of soil organic carbon stocks and soil microbial biomass carbon to natural grassland conversion: A global meta-analysis.

Natural grasslands worldwide are increasingly being converted into other land-use types, such as cropland and forest, thereby impacting soil carbon cycles and stocks. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for regulating soil properties and microbial communities, while microbial biomass carbon (MBC) is the most active fraction of the SOC pool, both of which play pivotal roles in the global carbon cycle. Here, we performed a meta-analysis on 623 and 85 individual observations from 85 peer-reviewed articles to quantitatively evaluate the effect of grassland conversion on SOCS and MBC.

Inhibiting Interfacial Electron Leakage via An Artificial Rectified Layer for Longevous Zinc Metal Anodes.

Dendrites and water-induced side reactions impose greatly challenge on the implementation of aqueous zinc ion batteries. To tackle these problems, an artificial rectified layer (ARL) with hydrophobic, zincophilic and insulating features was in situ synthesized on Zn surface rapidly to prevent the electron leakage from Zn anode to aqueous electrolyte, which is the underlying logic for uneven Zn deposition and parasitic side reactions. The ARL also displays a high Zn transference number of 0.

Activin A receptor type 1C single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Chinese population.

Background: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. Activin A receptor type 1C (ACVR1C) is a TGF-β type I receptor that is involved in tumorigenesis through binding to different ligands.

Aim: To evaluate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACVR1C and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Chinese Han population.

Physiological and transcriptomic analysis of the effect of overexpression of the NTPIP2;4 gene on drought tolerance in tobacco.

Aquaporins are widely present in the plant kingdom and play important roles in plant response to abiotic adversity stresses such as water and temperature extremes. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of NTPIP2;4 on drought tolerance in tobacco at physiological and transcriptional levels. In this experiment, we constructed an NtPIP2;4 overexpression vector and genetically transformed tobacco variety 'K326' to investigate the mechanism of NtPIP2;4 gene in regulating drought tolerance in tobacco at physiological and transcriptomic levels.

Fire-retardant and thermally conductive polyacrylonitrile-based separators enabling the safety of lithium-ion batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have broad application prospects in many fields because of their high energy density. However, the poor heat resistance of polyolefin membranes and uneven lithium deposition result in battery failure and even infamous thermal runaway behavior. To improve the intrinsic safety of batteries, fire-retardant, thermally conductive, electrospinning strategies are employed to acquire a functional polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber separator (PAN@FBN/TPP) containing modified boron nitride (FBN) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP).

Synergistically Boosted Na Migration and Deep Desodiation Stability of NASICON Cathode via High Entropy Regulation.

Mn-containing sodium superionic conductor (NASICON) compounds have shown considerable potential as cathode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to higher working voltage (V/V: 3.9 V), lower cost, and lower toxicity compared to full vanadium-based NASICON NaV(PO). Taking NaVMn(PO) (NVMP) as an example, its practical application is still restricted by poor electronic conductivity, sluggish intrinsic Na diffusion, and poor high-voltage stability.

Plasma Lipid Metabolites, Clinical Glycemic Predictors, and Incident Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Plasma metabolite profiling has uncovered several nonglycemic markers of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated whether such biomarkers provide information about specific aspects of T2D etiology, such as impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, and whether their association with T2D risk varies by race.

Research Design And Methods: Untargeted plasma metabolite profiling was performed of participants in the FINRISK 2002 cohort (n = 7,564).

Research trends and frontiers on risk factors of urinary stones: a bibliometric analysis from 2010 to 2023.

Background And Objective: The occurrence of urinary stone disease (USD) is associated with several factors. However, no conclusive results have been reached regarding the treatment of USD risk factors. This study conducted a detailed bibliometric analysis of USD risk factors to determine research hotspots and provide future development directions.

Exosomes derived from cardiac fibroblasts with Ang-II stimulation provoke myocardial hypertrophy via miR-15b-5p/PTEN-L axis.

This study aimed to examine the impact of exosomes derived from Ang II-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) on myocardial hypertrophy. Neonatal rat CFs were isolated and identified using Vimentin immunofluorescence. Following Ang II stimulation, exosomes were collected, characterized, and subjected to miRNA sequencing.

Genome-wide association study reveals shared and distinct genetic architecture of fatty acids and oxylipins in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Bioactive fatty acid-derived oxylipin molecules play key roles mediating inflammation and oxidative stress. Circulating levels of fatty acids and oxylipins are influenced by environmental and genetic factors; characterizing the genetic architecture of bioactive lipids could yield new insights into underlying biology. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 81 fatty acids and oxylipins in 11,584 Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants with genetic and lipidomic data measured at study baseline (58.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a brassinosteriod biosynthesis-related gene PtoCYP90D1 from Populus tomentosa.

Brassinosteroids (BRs), one of the major classes of phytohormones are essential for various processes of plant growth, development, and adaptations to biotic and abiotic stresses. In Arabidopsis, AtCYP90D1 acts as a bifunctional cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, catalyzing C-23 hydroxylation in the brassinolide biosynthetic pathway. The present study reports the functional characterizations of PtoCYP90D1, one of the AtCYP90D1 homologous genes from Populus tomentosa.

Do pyrethroid pesticide residues in Chinese mitten crab aquaculture areas have an impact on the ecological environment? --A case study of Yangcheng Lake.

Pyrethroid pesticides are widely used in agriculture, aquaculture, and daily life in China, leading to concerns about their environmental residues. However, there is limited information available regarding the compositional distribution, bioaccumulation, and associated health and environmental risks of pyrethroids in the aquaculture areas of Eastern China. This study investigated the residues, distribution, and risk assessment of pyrethroids including deltamethrin, permethrin, fenvalerate, cypermethrin and bifenthrin in Yangcheng Lake using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Study on the correlation between the number of mushroom poisoning cases and meteorological factors based on the generalized additive model in Guizhou Province, 2023.

Background: Mushroom poisoning is a significant food safety issue in Guizhou Province, China. Studies on this topic are essential for its prevention and control. We aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning and study the correlation between its cases and meteorological factors in Guizhou Province.

Molecular insights into human phosphatidylserine synthase 1 reveal its inhibition promotes LDL uptake.

In mammalian cells, two phosphatidylserine (PS) synthases drive PS synthesis. Gain-of-function mutations in the Ptdss1 gene lead to heightened PS production, causing Lenz-Majewski syndrome (LMS). Recently, pharmacological inhibition of PSS1 has been shown to suppress tumorigenesis.

The impact of artificial liver support system on intestinal microbiota and serum bile acid profiles in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients exhibit an imbalance in intestinal microbiota, and bile acids (BAs) can affect the composition of intestinal microbiota. Although Artificial liver support system (ALSS) is a treatment for ACLF, the impact of ALSS on intestinal microbiota and serum BA profiles of ACLF patients remains unclear.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted, which included 51 patients diagnosed with ACLF.

Hippocampal Crhr1 conditional gene knockout ameliorated the depression-like behavior and pathological damage in male offspring mice caused by chronic stress during pregnancy.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that chronic stress during pregnancy (CSDP) can induce depression and hippocampal damage in offspring. It has also been observed that high levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) can damage hippocampal neurons, and intraperitoneal injection of a corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) antagonist decreases depression-like behavior and hippocampal neuronal damage in a mouse depression model. However, whether CSDP causes hippocampal damage and depression in offspring through the interaction of CRH and hippocampal CRHR1 remains unknown and warrants further investigation.