Thai Guideline for Nuclear Medicine Investigations of Neurocognitive Disorders: Nuclear Medicine Society of Thailand, the Neurological Society of Thailand, and Thai Medical Physicist Society Collaboration.

Nuclear medicine investigations play a significant role in diagnosing dementia, mainly using imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). By providing functional and molecular data via brain imaging, nuclear medicine investigations offer valuable insights that complement clinical evaluations and structural imaging in the early detection, diagnosis, and differentiation of various types of dementia, leading to more accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment planning. Therefore, the Nuclear Medicine Society of Thailand, the Neurological Society of Thailand, and the Thai Medical Physicist Society have collaborated to establish these practical nuclear medicine investigation guidelines aiming to (1) identify the role of nuclear medicine studies in patients with neurocognitive disorders; (2) assist referrers in requesting the most appropriate procedure for diagnosis of each type of neurocognitive disorders; and (3) identify scientific evidence that is useful to assisting nuclear medicine professionals in recommending, performing, interpreting, and reporting the results of nuclear medicine investigations in patients with neurocognitive disorders.

Thai national guideline for nuclear medicine investigation in movement disorders: Nuclear medicine society of Thailand, the neurological society of Thailand, and Thai medical physicist society collaboration.

Movement disorders are chronic neurological syndromes with both treatable and non-treatable causes. The top causes of movement disorders are Parkinson's disease and related disorders. Functional imaging investigations with Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images play vital roles in diagnosis and differential diagnosis to guide disease management.

Association between Gut Microbiota with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease in a Thai Population.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common in older adults. Much recent work has implicated the connection between the gut and the brain via bidirectional communication of the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system through biochemical signaling. Altered gut microbiota composition has shown controversial results based on geographic location, age, diet, physical activity, psychological status, underlying diseases, medication, and drug use.

F-FDG PET Imaging in Neurodegenerative Dementing Disorders: Insights into Subtype Classification, Emerging Disease Categories, and Mixed Dementia with Copathologies.

Since the invention of F-FDG as a neurochemical tracer in the 1970s, F-FDG PET has been used extensively for dementia research and clinical applications. FDG, a glucose analog, is transported into the brain via glucose transporters and metabolized in a concerted process involving astrocytes and neurons. Although the exact cellular mechanisms of glucose consumption are still under investigation, F-FDG PET can sensitively detect altered neuronal activity due to neurodegeneration.

Thai National Guideline for Nuclear Medicine Investigations in Epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain, which is characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. These patients are generally treated with antiepileptic drugs. However, more than 30% of the patients become medically intractable and undergo a series of investigations to define candidates for epilepsy surgery.

Relationship between F-18 florbetapir uptake in occipital lobe and neurocognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose: To determine the association between occipital amyloid-PET uptake and neurocognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-eight participants with normal aged, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD and AD subjects who underwent F-18 florbetapir brain PET/CT scans were divided into four groups (A, normal; B, MCI; C, mild AD; and D, moderate/severe AD). Semiquantitative analyses of SUVR images were performed.

Brain [F-18]FDG PET for Clinical Dementia Workup: Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Types of Dementing Disorders.

PET imaging with [F-18]FDG has been used extensively for research and clinical applications in dementia. In the brain, [F-18]FDG accumulates around synapses and represents local neuronal activity. Patterns of altered [F-18]FDG uptake reflecting local neuronal dysfunction provide differential diagnostic clues for various dementing disorders.

Head-to-head comparison of [F]-fluorodeoxyglucose and [F]-fluorocholine positron emission tomography/computed tomography in three patients with rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasms: A case series.

We report the efficacy of dual positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with [F]-2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-D-glucose ([F]-FDG) and [F]-fluorocholine ([F]-FCH) in patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) for primary diagnosis and staging of this rare pregnancy-related disorder. Whole-body PET/CT with [F]-FDG and [F]-FCH was performed in three patients with GTN in 2 consecutive days. Each detectable lesion was characterized by visual and quantitative analyses.

Relationships between amyloid levels, glucose metabolism, morphologic changes in the brain and clinical status of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: The current study was conducted to improve the understanding of relationships between regional cortical amyloid load, glucose metabolism, cortical morphology (volume), and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with AD, MCI, and age-matched controls.

Methods: To objectivize the radiological evaluation of patients with suspected AD, head-to-head multi-modality imaging studies were conducted using MRI and PET/CT with [F]FDG and [F]AV45 for visualization and quantitation of brain morphology, glucose metabolism, and amyloid levels, respectively. A total of 84 subjects was studied, including 33 patients with AD, 31 patients with MCI, and 20 age-matched healthy controls (HC).

Temporal muscle uptake causing an unusual focal artifact on three-dimensional stereotactic surface projections statistical maps of (F) fluorodeoxyglucose brain positron emission tomography in a patient with Alzheimer's disease.

(F) fluorodeoxyglucose brain positron emission tomography and statistical mapping analysis, such as three-dimensional stereotactic surface projections, have been used widely for the evaluation of dementia patients. We present an unusual focal artifact on the statistical maps resulting from intense temporal muscle uptake in a patient with Alzheimer's disease. Various degrees of physiologic uptake can be seen in head and neck muscles.

The correlation of post-operative radioiodine uptake and Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy and the result of thyroid remnant ablation.

Objective: Determine the relationship between postoperative thyroid remnant using 24 h radioiodine uptake and Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy, and the success of high dose radioiodine ablation.

Material And Method: Retrospectively enrolled 250 patients with DTC who underwent thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation. Postoperative Tc-99m pertechnetate and 24 h 1-131 uptake were reviewed to evaluate thyroid remnant and the directly compared with ablation outcome.

False-positive 131I whole-body scan in well-differentiated thyroid cancer patient with respiratory bronchiolitis.

(131)I whole-body scan is performed during treatment and follow-up after radioiodine treatment to detect functioning thyroid remnant and metastatic lesions in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). False-positive scans are rare, but may cause a potential pitfall by misleading to unnecessary radiation exposure from inappropriate radioiodine treatment. We report a case of papillary thyroid cancer patient with false-positive (131)I scan in the lung due to pulmonary bronchiolitis.

A comparison of the diagnostic performance of half-time SPECT and multiplanar pelvic bone scan in patients with significant bladder artifacts.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of half-time single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the interpretation of bone scans in patients with bladder artifacts in comparison with multiplanar imaging. We also investigated whether SPECT could reduce the radiation dose to nuclear medicine personnel and shorten the acquisition time.

Materials And Methods: Data from 29 patients with significant bladder artifacts were assessed by two nuclear medicine physicians.

Comparative evaluation of two different dosage calculation protocols of iodine-131 in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of radioiodine therapy with estimated dose and calculated dose in hyperthyroid patients.

Material And Method: A prospective randomized study in 144 hyperthyroid patients referred for 131I treatment was performed between June and December 2007. The patients were divided into two groups according to the 131I dose administered, estimated group using dose based on gland size and calculated group using dose based on both gland size and 24-hour 131I uptake.