Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir for HIV Prevention in Men and Gender-Diverse Persons.

Background: Twice-yearly subcutaneous lenacapavir has been shown to be efficacious for prevention of HIV infection in cisgender women. The efficacy of lenacapavir for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in cisgender men, transgender women, transgender men, and gender-nonbinary persons is unclear.

Methods: In this phase 3, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled trial, we randomly assigned participants in a 2:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous lenacapavir every 26 weeks or daily oral emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF).

Lack of an effect of atazanavir on steady-state pharmacokinetics of methadone in patients chronically treated for opiate addiction.

Background: Effective antiretroviral treatment of opiate-addicted drug users with HIV infection often requires concomitant substance abuse treatment, commonly with methadone. Pharmacological interactions between antiretroviral drugs and methadone may result in opiate withdrawal or increased side effects.

Objectives: To determine if atazanavir, a once-daily protease inhibitor and moderate inhibitor of P450 CYP3A4, exhibited pharmacokinetic interactions with (R)-methadone.

Antiretroviral resistance and high-risk transmission behavior among HIV-positive patients in clinical care.

Background: HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) who engage in HIV transmission behaviors may harbor and transmit drug-resistant HIV. However, little is known about the risk behaviors of these patients, potential partners exposed and the relationship of these to ART resistance.

Objective: To determine the relationship of HIV drug resistance and continuing HIV transmission risk behavior among HIV-positive patients in care.

Use of total lymphocyte count for monitoring response to antiretroviral therapy.

The CD4 cell count has become a key laboratory measurement in the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. In ideal situations, HIV-infected persons are followed up longitudinally with serial CD4 cell counts to determine disease progression, risk for opportunistic infection, and the need for prophylactic or therapeutic intervention. However, the use of the CD4 cell count in resource-limited settings is often not possible because of lack of availability and high cost.

Human immunodeficiency virus infection prevention: strategies for clinicians.

The complexity of the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has made the creation of effective prevention programs an evolving and challenging task. Prevention of new HIV infections is an issue of increasing importance as the prevalence of HIV infection continues to increase. The integration of prevention and clinical care is recognized as a key element of future prevention activities.