The risk of nonvertebral fracture related to inhaled corticosteroid exposure among adults with chronic respiratory disease.

Objective: To examine nonvertebral fracture risk in relation to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) exposure among adults with respiratory disease.

Design And Patients: Nested case-control study within a cohort of 89,877 UnitedHealthcare members aged > or = 40 years with physician insurance claims for COPD or asthma, enrolled for > or = 1 year from January 1, 1997 to June 30, 2001.

Methods: Cases (n = 1,722) represented patients with a first treated nonvertebral fracture (the index date is the first fracture claim).

Risk for respiratory events in a cohort of patients receiving inhaled zanamivir: a retrospective study.

Background: Inhaled zanamivir is indicated for treatment of uncomplicated acute illness due to influenza A and B viruses in patients aged > or = 12 years who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of adverse respiratory events among zanamivir-treated patients under conditions of usual care.

Methods: The Ingenix research database includes insurance claims for all dispensations, inpatient and outpatient services, and procedures including the associated diagnoses and costs for a subset of all enrolled UnitedHealthcare members.