Fatty acid metabolism in neutrophils promotes lung damage and bacterial replication during tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection induces a marked influx of neutrophils into the lungs, which intensifies the severity of tuberculosis (TB). The metabolic state of neutrophils significantly influences their functional response during inflammation and interaction with bacterial pathogens. However, the effect of Mtb infection on neutrophil metabolism and its consequent role in TB pathogenesis remain unclear.

Differential requirement of Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 in macrophages and neutrophils in the host defense against Infection.

Formyl peptide receptors (FPR), part of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily, are pivotal in directing phagocyte migration towards chemotactic signals from bacteria and host tissues. Although their roles in acute bacterial infections are well-documented, their involvement in immunity against tuberculosis (TB) remains unexplored. This study investigates the functions of Fpr1 and Fpr2 in defense against (Mtb), the causative agent of TB.

A bacterial vesicle-based pneumococcal vaccine against influenza-mediated secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae pulmonary infection.

Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a common pathogen causing a secondary bacterial infection following influenza, which leads to severe morbidity and mortality during seasonal and pandemic influenza. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop bacterial vaccines that prevent severe post-influenza bacterial pneumonia. Here, an improved Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain (designated as YptbS46) possessing an Asd plasmid pSMV92 could synthesize high amounts of the Spn pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) antigen and monophosphoryl lipid A as an adjuvant.

Lethal synergy between SARS-CoV-2 and Streptococcus pneumoniae in hACE2 mice and protective efficacy of vaccination.

Secondary infections are frequent complications of viral respiratory infections, but the potential consequence of SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with common pulmonary pathogens is poorly understood. We report that coinfection of human ACE2-transgenic mice with sublethal doses of SARS-CoV-2 and Streptococcus pneumoniae results in synergistic lung inflammation and lethality. Mortality was observed regardless of whether SARS-CoV-2 challenge occurred before or after establishment of sublethal pneumococcal infection.

Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing in Drinking Water Samples From a Forcibly Displaced, Densely Populated Community Setting in Bangladesh.

Community-acquired infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing are rising worldwide, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, especially where poor sanitation and inadequate hygienic practices are very common. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and characterization of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and ESBL-producing in drinking water samples collected from Rohingya camps, Bangladesh. A total of 384 isolates were analyzed in this study, of which 203 were from household or point-of-use (POU) water samples, and 181 were from source water samples.

Presence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli strains isolated from human pit sludge.

Introduction: In Bangladesh, human sludge from dry pit latrines is commonly applied directly to agricultural lands as manure. This study was conducted to investigate the presence of antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and plasmid contents of E. coli strains isolated from sludge samples.