Publications by authors named "Tanvi Kiran"

Article Synopsis
  • - An audit tool named AmPAT was created to evaluate how well generalist doctors prescribe antimicrobials in outpatient settings, aiming to curb antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
  • - The tool's development involved four phases, including expert feedback and a pilot study, ultimately confirming high validity and reliability through various statistical measures.
  • - AmPAT includes 19 assessment items across three categories (patient, clinical, and treatment details) and demonstrates strong inter-rater agreement and internal consistency for rational prescribing practices.
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Background: Globally, Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the biggest contributor (17%) to years lived with disability. For offering diagnosis and appropriate health interventions options along with follow-up care, it is pertinent to have a thorough awareness of its associated risk factors.

Objectives: The study aims to assess the prevalence and association between MSDs and risk factors among the Indian older adults above 45 years.

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Background: Breastfeeding is a crucial and irreplaceable method of feeding infants. Despite the well-established advantages of early breastfeeding initiation, its progress remains constrained. Over half of Indian mothers witness delayed breastfeeding initiation.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk management in India, emphasizing the importance of understanding risk factors, particularly hypertension, in a younger population in resource-limited settings.
  • Using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, researchers calculated 10-year CVD risk scores for adults aged 45 and older, taking into account factors like socio-demographics, exercise, and history of diabetes.
  • Results indicated that 68.8% of participants had a CVD risk score under 10%, with higher risks associated with being rural, poorer, and less educated, while urban dwellers and those who exercised regularly showed decreased risk.
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Background: Limited interventions exist on reducing unwanted screen time (ST) among children from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), so we developed and assessed the effectiveness of the program to lower unwanted media screen time (PLUMS) among children aged 2-5 years in Chandigarh, Union Territory, North India.

Methods: An open-label randomized control parallel group trial per CONSORT guidelines was conducted among randomly selected 340 families with children aged 2-5 (±3 months) years in Chandigarh, India. PLUMS was implemented at the family level with a focus on modifying the home media environment and targeted individual-level interventions using parent and child modules for 2 months.

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Introduction: Integrated care is likely to improve outcomes in strained healthcare systems while limiting costs. NCD clinics were introduced under the "National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Stroke" (NPCDCS) in India; however, there is limited literature on the costs of delivering tobacco cessation interventions within NPCDCS. One of the study's objectives was to estimate the cost of delivering a culturally specific patient-centric behavioral intervention package in two district-level NCD clinics in Punjab, India.

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Background: Diverse socio-economic and cultural issues contribute to adverse health outcomes and increased mortality rates among rural Indian women across different age categories. The present study aims to comprehensively assess age-specific mortality rates (ASMR) and their temporal trends using a composite measure at the sub-national level for rural Indian females to capture cross-state differences.

Materials And Methods: A total of 19 states were included in the study to construct a composite age-specific mortality index for 2011 (base year) and 2018 (reference year) and examine the incremental changes in the index values across these years at the sub-national level in India.

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Article Synopsis
  • COVID-19 vaccination for healthcare workers in India is crucial, and a study tracked HCWs' willingness to get vaccinated over three surveys conducted before, during, and after the vaccine rollout from October 2020 to May 2021.
  • The results showed an increase in willingness from 43.7% in the first survey to 73.2% in the third, with factors like trust in the healthcare system, confidence in domestic vaccines, and perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 being significant influencers.
  • Socio-demographic aspects, such as marital status and high socio-economic status, also played a role in the willingness to receive vaccines, particularly in the later survey conducted during the peak of the second COVID-19 wave in India.*
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Background: Expansion of maternal health service coverage is crucial for the survival and wellbeing of both mother and child. To date, limited literature exists on the measurement of maternal health service coverage at the sub-national level in India. The prime objectives of the study were to comprehensively measure the maternal health service coverage by generating a composite index, map India by categorizing it into low, medium and high zones and examine its incremental changes over time.

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Background: Vaccine hesitancy is of considerable concern as it threatens the great potential of a vaccine against COVID-19. This study aims to determine factors associated with community health workers' willingness to participate in clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccine, and their vaccination intention, in India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 377 community health workers using self-administered anonymous questionnaire during the lockdown periods in India.

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Background: Responding to the fast transmission rates and increasing fatality rates, countries across the world expedited the development and deployment of the vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Evaluation of individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) would provide pertinent information regarding future demand and financing preferences, which shall help to devise the effective payment strategy for COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional, and self-administered online survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted to identify the sociodemographic determinants of willingness and extent to pay for COVID-19 vaccine in India.

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Background: Despite the success of adult vaccination against COVID-19, providing vaccines to children remains a challenge for policymakers globally. As parents are primary decision-makers for their children, we aimed to assess parents' perceptions and intentions regarding COVID-19 vaccination in India.

Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was designed, parents or caregivers ( = 770) were recruited through snowball sampling using Google form.

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The 2021 WHO classification stratifies ependymoma (EPN) into nine molecular subgroups according to the anatomic locations which outperforms histological grading. We aimed at molecularly reclassifying 200 EPN using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and sequencing for ZFTA fusions in supratentorial (ST) EPN. Further, we assessed the utility of L1CAM, cyclinD1, and p65 markers in identifying ZFTA fusion.

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Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features of patients attending the screening clinic of a dedicated COVID-19 hospital (DCH), including COVID-19 RT-PCR test positivity rate, symptom predictors for COVID-19 positivity, the proportion of recovery, and the mortality among COVID-19 positive cases.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of the patients who reported in the screening clinic of a DCH. Data were retrieved from medical records.

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Background: Over the last three decades, the accessibility and usage of mobile devices have increased among young children. This study's objective was to develop a validated caregiver-reported digital-screen exposure questionnaire (DSEQ) for children aged 2-5 years.

Methods: DSEQ was developed in five phases.

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Background: The associated risk factors, co-morbid conditions and biological differences varying with gender and age might be the cause of higher COVID-19 infection and deaths among males and older persons. The objective of this study was to predict and specify the biological attributes of variation in age and gender-based on COVID-19 status (deceased/recovered).

Methods: In this retrospective study, the data was extracted from a recognised web-based portal.

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Objectives: A three-member central Rapid Response Team (RRT) was deputed to Union Territory of Ladakh on 26 March 2020, to assess the situation and support the preparedness measures including implementation of cluster containment plan and social distancing measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: Central RRT addressed the panchayat sarpanch and religious leaders, sensitized doctors and paramedical staff on COVID-19 situation; conducted situational analysis, review of records and logistics, key informant interviews of senior administrative and healthcare officials, focus group discussions with local community people and field visits to various hospitals, isolation centers, quarantine facilities, and containment zones.

Results: A total of 14 COVID-19 cases with no deaths were reported and nine patients had recovered till 4 April 2020.

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Background: Death is inevitable, but healthy ageing is possible with proper nutrition and health care. This systematic review and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the nation-wide prevalence and malnutrition and risk of malnutrition among the elderly in India.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane`s library, Google Scholar were searched for the articles reporting the prevalence of malnutrition among the elderly using MNA or MNA-SF tools.

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