Retraction Note to: Occurrence, spread and control measures of (Bothriocephalidae: Cestoda).

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0568-6.].

Molecular typing of based on coagulase gene.

Aim: This study was conducted to study the coagulase gene-based genetic diversity of , isolated from different samples of cattle using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and their sequence-based phylogenetic analysis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 192 different samples from mastitic milk, nasal cavity, and pus from skin wounds of cattle from Military Dairy Farm, Jammu, India, were screened for the presence of . The presumptive isolates were confirmed by gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Retraction Note to: Comparative karyological analysis of three species of Rudolphi 1808 (Cestoda:Pseudophyllidea) from species of Kashmir valley.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-012-0185-1.].

Comparative karyological analysis of three species of Bothriocephalus Rudolphi 1808 (Cestoda:Pseudophyllidea) from Schizothorax species of Kashmir valley.

Karyotypes of three species of Bothriocephalus were studied using conventional Giemsa staining and comparative karyometric analysis. Bothriocephalus claviceps and Bothriocephalus gregarius showed a karyotype with 2n = 14 chromosomes. All chromosomes of B.